Loei weather in June

In June, Loei sees average daytime highs of 32°C and overnight lows near 25°C, with 168 mm of rain across 20.8 wet days and about 13 hours of daylight. It is the 4th-warmest and 5th-wettest month of the year here.

Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 32°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 2% of the time in June, and the air most often feels oppressive.

Daylight stretches from about 13 hours at the start of June to 13 hours by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, June is Loei's 10th-clearest and 8th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Loei's year-round climate.

Daytime high: 32°; 4th warmest
Overnight low: 25°; 12th coldest
Rainfall: 168 mm; 20.8 wet days
Daylight: 13 hours; 5:42 AM – 6:45 PM
Cloud cover: 92%; 10th clearest
Wind: 5 km/h; 8th windiest
Solar energy: 4.69 kWh/m²
Travel score: 2.7; out of 10

Loei is town in Loei province, Thailand.

Air quality: Elevated; PM2.5 25 µg/m³ · 2019

Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.

← May Loei year-round climate July →Best places to visit in June

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Temperature in June

Average highAverage lowShaded bands: 10–90% of days

Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 32°C through the month.

A typical June day in Loei reaches about 32°C in the afternoon and slips back to 25°C overnight — a 7°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 30°C and 34°C. Set against its neighbours, June runs on par with May and on par with July.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Avg high (°C)	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32	32
Avg low (°C)	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25	25

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	32	25
2	32	25
3	32	25
4	32	25
5	32	25
6	32	25
7	32	25
8	32	25
9	32	25
10	32	25
11	32	25
12	32	25
13	32	25
14	32	25
15	32	25
16	32	25
17	32	25
18	32	25
19	32	25
20	32	25
21	32	25
22	32	25
23	32	25
24	32	25
25	32	25
26	32	25
27	32	25
28	32	25
29	32	25
30	32	25

How June really feels in Loei

Once humidity and wind are folded in, June averages 30 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.

Days feeling ≥ 32°C

heat index over the day's high

Days feeling ≤ 0°C

wind chill below the day's low

The story in June is heat — humidity pushes the afternoon "feels like" well above the raw temperature.

Loei weather by month

How June compares with the rest of the year at a glance. June is the 4th-warmest and 5th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.

Month	High / Low (°C)	Rainfall (mm)	Wet days	Daylight (hours)	Travel score
Jan	28° / 16°	12	1.9	11.1	7.4
Feb	31° / 18°	15	2.8	11.4	5.7
Mar	33° / 21°	47	7.8	11.9	3.8
Apr	34° / 23°	88	14.8	12.4	2.8
May	33° / 24°	198	23.6	12.8	2.4
Jun	32° / 25°	168	20.8	13	2.7
Jul	31° / 25°	188	22.2	12.9	2.9
Aug	31° / 24°	249	24.8	12.6	2.8
Sep	31° / 24°	241	24.1	12.1	3.0
Oct	30° / 22°	113	13.7	11.6	4.6
Nov	29° / 19°	24	3.4	11.2	6.6
Dec	27° / 17°	10	1.6	11	8.1

Cloud cover in June

ClearMostly clearPartly cloudyMostly cloudyOvercast

The sky is clear or mostly clear about 2% of the time in June.

Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 4% of June, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 94%.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Clearer (%)	6	6	6	6	6	6	5	5	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	5	7	7	7	7	8	8	8	8
Cloudier (%)	94	94	94	94	94	94	95	95	96	96	96	96	96	96	96	96	96	96	96	96	96	95	93	93	93	93	92	92	92	92

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	6	94
2	6	94
3	6	94
4	6	94
5	6	94
6	6	94
7	5	95
8	5	95
9	4	96
10	4	96
11	4	96
12	4	96
13	4	96
14	4	96
15	4	96
16	4	96
17	4	96
18	4	96
19	4	96
20	4	96
21	4	96
22	5	95
23	7	93
24	7	93
25	7	93
26	7	93
27	8	92
28	8	92
29	8	92
30	8	92

Chance of precipitation in June

Any precipitation

Loei gets around 168 mm of rain over 20.8 wet days in June. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.

Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 70% and peaks near 81% on the wettest days. The odds ease toward the end of the month.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Rain chance (%)	81	81	80	79	78	77	76	75	74	73	72	71	69	68	67	66	66	65	65	64	64	64	64	64	64	64	64	65	65	66

	Rain chance (%)
1	81
2	81
3	80
4	79
5	78
6	77
7	76
8	75
9	74
10	73
11	72
12	71
13	69
14	68
15	67
16	66
17	66
18	65
19	65
20	64
21	64
22	64
23	64
24	64
25	64
26	64
27	64
28	65
29	65
30	66

Humidity in June

DryComfortableHumidMuggyOppressiveMiserable

Most of June feels oppressive — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.

By dew point, June lands in the oppressive band about 73% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 100% of them.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Muggy (%)	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	1	1	1	1	1	1
Oppressive (%)	66	66	66	67	67	68	68	69	70	71	71	72	73	73	74	74	75	75	75	76	76	76	77	77	77	78	79	79	80	81
Miserable (%)	34	34	34	33	33	32	32	31	30	29	29	28	27	27	26	26	25	25	25	24	24	24	23	23	22	21	20	20	19	18

	Muggy (%)	Oppressive (%)	Miserable (%)
1	0	66	34
2	0	66	34
3	0	66	34
4	0	67	33
5	0	67	33
6	0	68	32
7	0	68	32
8	0	69	31
9	0	70	30
10	0	71	29
11	0	71	29
12	0	72	28
13	0	73	27
14	0	73	27
15	0	74	26
16	0	74	26
17	0	75	25
18	0	75	25
19	0	75	25
20	0	76	24
21	0	76	24
22	0	76	24
23	0	77	23
24	0	77	23
25	1	77	22
26	1	78	21
27	1	79	20
28	1	79	20
29	1	80	19
30	1	81	18

Wind in June

Winds average 5 km/h in June.

Across June, daily wind ranges from about 5 km/h on the calmest days to 6 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Wind speed (km/h)	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6
Feels	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm

	Wind speed (km/h)	Feels
1	5	calm
2	5	calm
3	5	calm
4	5	calm
5	5	calm
6	5	calm
7	5	calm
8	5	calm
9	5	calm
10	5	calm
11	5	calm
12	5	calm
13	5	calm
14	5	calm
15	6	calm
16	6	calm
17	6	calm
18	6	calm
19	6	calm
20	6	calm
21	6	calm
22	6	calm
23	6	calm
24	6	calm
25	6	calm
26	6	calm
27	6	calm
28	6	calm
29	6	calm
30	6	calm

Sunrise & sunset in June

DaylightNight

Daylight runs from about 13 hours at the start of June to 13 hours by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.

Days grow by about 0 minutes over June. Sunrise moves from 5:42 AM to 5:45 AM, and sunset from 6:40 PM to 6:47 PM.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Daylight (h)	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0	13.0
Sunrise (AM)	5:42	5:42	5:41	5:41	5:41	5:41	5:41	5:41	5:41	5:42	5:42	5:42	5:42	5:42	5:42	5:42	5:42	5:42	5:43	5:43	5:43	5:43	5:43	5:44	5:44	5:44	5:44	5:45	5:45	5:45
Sunset (PM)	6:40	6:40	6:40	6:41	6:41	6:41	6:42	6:42	6:42	6:43	6:43	6:43	6:44	6:44	6:44	6:45	6:45	6:45	6:45	6:46	6:46	6:46	6:46	6:46	6:47	6:47	6:47	6:47	6:47	6:47

	Daylight (h)	Sunrise (AM)	Sunset (PM)
1	13.0	5:42	6:40
2	13.0	5:42	6:40
3	13.0	5:41	6:40
4	13.0	5:41	6:41
5	13.0	5:41	6:41
6	13.0	5:41	6:41
7	13.0	5:41	6:42
8	13.0	5:41	6:42
9	13.0	5:41	6:42
10	13.0	5:42	6:43
11	13.0	5:42	6:43
12	13.0	5:42	6:43
13	13.0	5:42	6:44
14	13.0	5:42	6:44
15	13.0	5:42	6:44
16	13.0	5:42	6:45
17	13.0	5:42	6:45
18	13.0	5:42	6:45
19	13.0	5:43	6:45
20	13.0	5:43	6:46
21	13.0	5:43	6:46
22	13.0	5:43	6:46
23	13.0	5:43	6:46
24	13.0	5:44	6:46
25	13.0	5:44	6:47
26	13.0	5:44	6:47
27	13.0	5:44	6:47
28	13.0	5:45	6:47
29	13.0	5:45	6:47
30	13.0	5:45	6:47

Solar energy in June

Daily solar energy (kWh/m²)

Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in June, about 4.69 kWh/m².

For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.13 kWh/m² to a high of 5.97 kWh/m² in April across the year — June's 4.69 kWh/m² falls in the middle.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30
Solar energy (kWh/m²)	4.9	4.9	4.9	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.5	4.5
Level	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright

	Solar energy (kWh/m²)	Level
1	4.9	Bright
2	4.9	Bright
3	4.9	Bright
4	4.8	Bright
5	4.8	Bright
6	4.8	Bright
7	4.8	Bright
8	4.8	Bright
9	4.8	Bright
10	4.8	Bright
11	4.7	Bright
12	4.7	Bright
13	4.7	Bright
14	4.7	Bright
15	4.7	Bright
16	4.7	Bright
17	4.7	Bright
18	4.7	Bright
19	4.6	Bright
20	4.6	Bright
21	4.6	Bright
22	4.6	Bright
23	4.6	Bright
24	4.6	Bright
25	4.6	Bright
26	4.5	Bright
27	4.5	Bright
28	4.5	Bright
29	4.5	Bright
30	4.5	Bright

Planning a trip in June

Hazard calendar for Loei

In seasonPeak

In June, Loei sits inside its monsoon season. The full year is below, with each hazard's peak months called out.

Loei's monsoon runs May–October, when most of the year's rain falls.

Monsoon

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Is June a good time to visit Loei?

Our two travel scores rate June for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).

2.7

Sightseeing

11th-best month of the year

4.4

Beach & pool

9th-best month of the year

June is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Loei.

What to pack for Loei in June

From June's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.

In June, Loei sees daytime highs around 32°C and nights near 25°C. Pack light clothes and rain gear. Worth having: sun protection. About 21 days see rain.

light clothesrain gearsun protection

UV index in Loei in June

LowModerateHighVery highExtreme

Clear-sky midday UV in June peaks around 13 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.

Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Loei peaks around August 12 at about 13 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 15 at about 8 (very high).

The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
UV index (midday)	9	10	12	11	11	13	13	13	11	10	8	8
Level	Very high	Very high	Extreme	Extreme	Extreme	Extreme	Extreme	Extreme	Extreme	Extreme	Very high	Very high

	UV index (midday)	Level
Jan	9	Very high
Feb	10	Very high
Mar	12	Extreme
Apr	11	Extreme
May	11	Extreme
Jun	13	Extreme
Jul	13	Extreme
Aug	13	Extreme
Sep	11	Extreme
Oct	10	Extreme
Nov	8	Very high
Dec	8	Very high

Air quality in Loei in June

GoodModeratePoorUnhealthyVery unhealthy

Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where June falls, not just the annual average.

Air quality in Loei is worst in March — around 50 µg/m³ PM2.5 (poor), about 3.1× the cleanest month (July, 16 µg/m³).

Seasonal pattern from CAMS reanalysis, scaled to Loei's WHO annual average of 25 µg/m³.

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
PM2.5 (µg/m³)	25	36	50	40	23	16	16	17	18	20	19	20
Level	Moderate	Poor	Poor	Poor	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate

	PM2.5 (µg/m³)	Level
Jan	25	Moderate
Feb	36	Poor
Mar	50	Poor
Apr	40	Poor
May	23	Moderate
Jun	16	Moderate
Jul	16	Moderate
Aug	17	Moderate
Sep	18	Moderate
Oct	20	Moderate
Nov	19	Moderate
Dec	20	Moderate

Location & terrain

Where is Loei?

Loei sits at 17.5°N, 101.7°E, 244 m above sea level, in Thailand. The nearest listed city is Wang Saphung, 22 km away.

Topography around Loei

How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Loei.

Within 3 km, the terrain around Loei has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 274 m around an average of 256 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 518 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,810 m.

The land around Loei is covered by trees (59%) and artificial surfaces (25%) within 3 km, trees (76%) within 16 km, and trees (65%) and cropland (24%) within 80 km.

3 km

274 m

trees 59%

16 km

518 m

trees 76%

80 km

1,810 m

trees 65%

treesgrasslandcroplandartificial surfacesbare terrainwater

← May Loei year-round climate July →Best places to visit in June

June weather nearby: Wang Saphung 22 km · Erawan 32 km · Na Klang 53 km · Nam Som 58 km · Phu Kradueng 69 km · Nong Bua Lamphu 82 km · Kut Chap 89 km · Lom Sak 94 km

Thailand travel facts

Travel advisory: Level 1; Exercise Normal Precautions
Power plugs: Type A / B / C; 230 V · 50 Hz
Prices: ≈ 31% of US; price level, 2025
GDP per capita: $8,057; 2025
Happiness: 6.3 / 10; World Happiness, 2025
Homicide rate: 4.8; per 100k, 2011
Road deaths: 32.2; per 100k/yr, 2019
Income group: Upper middle; World Bank
English: Very low; EF EPI 402
Religion

Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.

Data sources

Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Loei (17.4905°, 101.7275°, elevation 244 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	32	25
2	32	25
3	32	25
4	32	25
5	32	25
6	32	25
7	32	25
8	32	25
9	32	25
10	32	25
11	32	25
12	32	25
13	32	25
14	32	25
15	32	25
16	32	25
17	32	25
18	32	25
19	32	25
20	32	25
21	32	25
22	32	25
23	32	25
24	32	25
25	32	25
26	32	25
27	32	25
28	32	25
29	32	25
30	32	25

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	6	94
2	6	94
3	6	94
4	6	94
5	6	94
6	6	94
7	5	95
8	5	95
9	4	96
10	4	96
11	4	96
12	4	96
13	4	96
14	4	96
15	4	96
16	4	96
17	4	96
18	4	96
19	4	96
20	4	96
21	4	96
22	5	95
23	7	93
24	7	93
25	7	93
26	7	93
27	8	92
28	8	92
29	8	92
30	8	92

	Rain chance (%)
1	81
2	81
3	80
4	79
5	78
6	77
7	76
8	75
9	74
10	73
11	72
12	71
13	69
14	68
15	67
16	66
17	66
18	65
19	65
20	64
21	64
22	64
23	64
24	64
25	64
26	64
27	64
28	65
29	65
30	66

	Muggy (%)	Oppressive (%)	Miserable (%)
1	0	66	34
2	0	66	34
3	0	66	34
4	0	67	33
5	0	67	33
6	0	68	32
7	0	68	32
8	0	69	31
9	0	70	30
10	0	71	29
11	0	71	29
12	0	72	28
13	0	73	27
14	0	73	27
15	0	74	26
16	0	74	26
17	0	75	25
18	0	75	25
19	0	75	25
20	0	76	24
21	0	76	24
22	0	76	24
23	0	77	23
24	0	77	23
25	1	77	22
26	1	78	21
27	1	79	20
28	1	79	20
29	1	80	19
30	1	81	18

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	32	25
2	32	25
3	32	25
4	32	25
5	32	25
6	32	25
7	32	25
8	32	25
9	32	25
10	32	25
11	32	25
12	32	25
13	32	25
14	32	25
15	32	25
16	32	25
17	32	25
18	32	25
19	32	25
20	32	25
21	32	25
22	32	25
23	32	25
24	32	25
25	32	25
26	32	25
27	32	25
28	32	25
29	32	25
30	32	25

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	6	94
2	6	94
3	6	94
4	6	94
5	6	94
6	6	94
7	5	95
8	5	95
9	4	96
10	4	96
11	4	96
12	4	96
13	4	96
14	4	96
15	4	96
16	4	96
17	4	96
18	4	96
19	4	96
20	4	96
21	4	96
22	5	95
23	7	93
24	7	93
25	7	93
26	7	93
27	8	92
28	8	92
29	8	92
30	8	92

	Rain chance (%)
1	81
2	81
3	80
4	79
5	78
6	77
7	76
8	75
9	74
10	73
11	72
12	71
13	69
14	68
15	67
16	66
17	66
18	65
19	65
20	64
21	64
22	64
23	64
24	64
25	64
26	64
27	64
28	65
29	65
30	66

	Muggy (%)	Oppressive (%)	Miserable (%)
1	0	66	34
2	0	66	34
3	0	66	34
4	0	67	33
5	0	67	33
6	0	68	32
7	0	68	32
8	0	69	31
9	0	70	30
10	0	71	29
11	0	71	29
12	0	72	28
13	0	73	27
14	0	73	27
15	0	74	26
16	0	74	26
17	0	75	25
18	0	75	25
19	0	75	25
20	0	76	24
21	0	76	24
22	0	76	24
23	0	77	23
24	0	77	23
25	1	77	22
26	1	78	21
27	1	79	20
28	1	79	20
29	1	80	19
30	1	81	18

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	32	25
2	32	25
3	32	25
4	32	25
5	32	25
6	32	25
7	32	25
8	32	25
9	32	25
10	32	25
11	32	25
12	32	25
13	32	25
14	32	25
15	32	25
16	32	25
17	32	25
18	32	25
19	32	25
20	32	25
21	32	25
22	32	25
23	32	25
24	32	25
25	32	25
26	32	25
27	32	25
28	32	25
29	32	25
30	32	25

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	6	94
2	6	94
3	6	94
4	6	94
5	6	94
6	6	94
7	5	95
8	5	95
9	4	96
10	4	96
11	4	96
12	4	96
13	4	96
14	4	96
15	4	96
16	4	96
17	4	96
18	4	96
19	4	96
20	4	96
21	4	96
22	5	95
23	7	93
24	7	93
25	7	93
26	7	93
27	8	92
28	8	92
29	8	92
30	8	92

	Rain chance (%)
1	81
2	81
3	80
4	79
5	78
6	77
7	76
8	75
9	74
10	73
11	72
12	71
13	69
14	68
15	67
16	66
17	66
18	65
19	65
20	64
21	64
22	64
23	64
24	64
25	64
26	64
27	64
28	65
29	65
30	66

	Muggy (%)	Oppressive (%)	Miserable (%)
1	0	66	34
2	0	66	34
3	0	66	34
4	0	67	33
5	0	67	33
6	0	68	32
7	0	68	32
8	0	69	31
9	0	70	30
10	0	71	29
11	0	71	29
12	0	72	28
13	0	73	27
14	0	73	27
15	0	74	26
16	0	74	26
17	0	75	25
18	0	75	25
19	0	75	25
20	0	76	24
21	0	76	24
22	0	76	24
23	0	77	23
24	0	77	23
25	1	77	22
26	1	78	21
27	1	79	20
28	1	79	20
29	1	80	19
30	1	81	18