Elmadağ weather in September
In September, Elmadağ sees average daytime highs of 26°C and overnight lows near 12°C, with 20 mm of rain across 3.7 wet days and about 12.3 hours of daylight. It is the 4th-warmest and 10th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs ease over the month, from about 28°C in the first days to 24°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 72% of the time in September, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 12 h 54 min at the start of September to 11 h 36 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, September is Elmadağ's 3rd-clearest and 8th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Elmadağ's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 26°
- 4th warmest
- Overnight low
- 12°
- 9th coldest
- Rainfall
- 20 mm
- 3.7 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 h 18 min
- 5:34 AM – 5:49 PM
- Cloud cover
- 26%
- 3rd clearest
- Wind
- 8 km/h
- 8th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.36 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 8.3
- out of 10
Elmadağ is district and municipality in Ankara, Turkey.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in September
Highs ease over the month, from about 28°C in the first days to 24°C by the end.
A typical September day in Elmadağ reaches about 26°C in the afternoon and slips back to 12°C overnight — a 14°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 20°C and 31°C. Set against its neighbours, September runs about 4°C cooler than August and about 6°C warmer than October.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 23 |
| Avg low (°C) | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 28 | 14 |
| 2 | 28 | 14 |
| 3 | 28 | 14 |
| 4 | 28 | 14 |
| 5 | 28 | 14 |
| 6 | 27 | 13 |
| 7 | 27 | 13 |
| 8 | 27 | 13 |
| 9 | 27 | 13 |
| 10 | 27 | 13 |
| 11 | 27 | 13 |
| 12 | 26 | 13 |
| 13 | 26 | 12 |
| 14 | 26 | 12 |
| 15 | 26 | 12 |
| 16 | 26 | 12 |
| 17 | 26 | 12 |
| 18 | 25 | 12 |
| 19 | 25 | 12 |
| 20 | 25 | 12 |
| 21 | 25 | 11 |
| 22 | 25 | 11 |
| 23 | 25 | 11 |
| 24 | 24 | 11 |
| 25 | 24 | 11 |
| 26 | 24 | 11 |
| 27 | 24 | 11 |
| 28 | 24 | 10 |
| 29 | 23 | 10 |
| 30 | 23 | 10 |
How September really feels in Elmadağ
Once humidity and wind are folded in, September averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
September sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.
Elmadağ weather by month
How September compares with the rest of the year at a glance. September is the 4th-warmest and 10th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4° / -4° | 56 | 9.1 | 5.8 | 9.5 | 0.0 |
| Feb | 6° / -3° | 48 | 8.7 | 4.6 | 10.4 | 0.6 |
| Mar | 11° / 1° | 60 | 10.5 | 3.4 | 11.7 | 2.7 |
| Apr | 16° / 5° | 56 | 11.4 | 0.5 | 13 | 5.0 |
| May | 22° / 9° | 59 | 10.9 | 0 | 14.2 | 6.7 |
| Jun | 26° / 13° | 42 | 8.5 | 0 | 14.8 | 7.2 |
| Jul | 30° / 16° | 12 | 2.6 | 0 | 14.5 | 6.2 |
| Aug | 30° / 16° | 13 | 2.9 | 0 | 13.6 | 6.3 |
| Sep | 26° / 12° | 20 | 3.7 | 0 | 12.3 | 8.3 |
| Oct | 19° / 8° | 35 | 6.2 | 0.1 | 10.9 | 7.0 |
| Nov | 12° / 2° | 48 | 6.5 | 1.3 | 9.8 | 3.5 |
| Dec | 6° / -2° | 60 | 9.2 | 3.9 | 9.2 | 0.4 |
Cloud cover in September
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 72% of the time in September.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 15% of September, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 12%. Skies tend to cloud over as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 93 | 92 | 91 | 91 | 90 | 88 | 88 | 87 | 85 | 85 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 82 | 81 | 80 | 80 | 81 | 80 | 80 | 80 |
| Cloudier (%) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 20 | 19 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 95 | 5 |
| 2 | 95 | 5 |
| 3 | 95 | 5 |
| 4 | 95 | 5 |
| 5 | 95 | 5 |
| 6 | 95 | 5 |
| 7 | 94 | 6 |
| 8 | 94 | 6 |
| 9 | 94 | 6 |
| 10 | 93 | 7 |
| 11 | 92 | 8 |
| 12 | 91 | 9 |
| 13 | 91 | 9 |
| 14 | 90 | 10 |
| 15 | 88 | 12 |
| 16 | 88 | 12 |
| 17 | 87 | 13 |
| 18 | 85 | 15 |
| 19 | 85 | 15 |
| 20 | 83 | 17 |
| 21 | 83 | 17 |
| 22 | 83 | 17 |
| 23 | 82 | 18 |
| 24 | 81 | 19 |
| 25 | 80 | 20 |
| 26 | 80 | 20 |
| 27 | 81 | 19 |
| 28 | 80 | 20 |
| 29 | 80 | 20 |
| 30 | 80 | 20 |
Chance of precipitation in September
Elmadağ gets around 20 mm of rain over 3.7 wet days in September. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 12% and peaks near 13% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 11 |
| 2 | 11 |
| 3 | 11 |
| 4 | 11 |
| 5 | 12 |
| 6 | 12 |
| 7 | 12 |
| 8 | 12 |
| 9 | 12 |
| 10 | 12 |
| 11 | 12 |
| 12 | 12 |
| 13 | 12 |
| 14 | 12 |
| 15 | 12 |
| 16 | 12 |
| 17 | 12 |
| 18 | 12 |
| 19 | 12 |
| 20 | 12 |
| 21 | 12 |
| 22 | 12 |
| 23 | 12 |
| 24 | 13 |
| 25 | 13 |
| 26 | 13 |
| 27 | 13 |
| 28 | 13 |
| 29 | 13 |
| 30 | 13 |
Humidity in September
Most of September feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, September lands in the dry band about 99% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 97 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Comfortable (%) | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 97 | 3 |
| 2 | 98 | 2 |
| 3 | 98 | 2 |
| 4 | 98 | 2 |
| 5 | 98 | 2 |
| 6 | 99 | 1 |
| 7 | 99 | 1 |
| 8 | 99 | 1 |
| 9 | 99 | 1 |
| 10 | 99 | 1 |
| 11 | 99 | 1 |
| 12 | 99 | 1 |
| 13 | 99 | 1 |
| 14 | 99 | 1 |
| 15 | 99 | 1 |
| 16 | 99 | 1 |
| 17 | 99 | 1 |
| 18 | 100 | 0 |
| 19 | 100 | 0 |
| 20 | 100 | 0 |
| 21 | 100 | 0 |
| 22 | 100 | 0 |
| 23 | 100 | 0 |
| 24 | 100 | 0 |
| 25 | 100 | 0 |
| 26 | 100 | 0 |
| 27 | 100 | 0 |
| 28 | 100 | 0 |
| 29 | 100 | 0 |
| 30 | 100 | 0 |
Wind in September
Winds average 8 km/h in September.
Across September, daily wind ranges from about 8 km/h on the calmest days to 9 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | calm |
| 2 | 9 | calm |
| 3 | 9 | calm |
| 4 | 9 | calm |
| 5 | 9 | calm |
| 6 | 8 | calm |
| 7 | 8 | calm |
| 8 | 8 | calm |
| 9 | 8 | calm |
| 10 | 8 | calm |
| 11 | 8 | calm |
| 12 | 8 | calm |
| 13 | 8 | calm |
| 14 | 8 | calm |
| 15 | 8 | calm |
| 16 | 8 | calm |
| 17 | 8 | calm |
| 18 | 8 | calm |
| 19 | 8 | calm |
| 20 | 8 | calm |
| 21 | 8 | calm |
| 22 | 8 | calm |
| 23 | 8 | calm |
| 24 | 8 | calm |
| 25 | 8 | calm |
| 26 | 8 | calm |
| 27 | 8 | calm |
| 28 | 8 | calm |
| 29 | 8 | calm |
| 30 | 8 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in September
Daylight runs from about 12 h 54 min at the start of September to 11 h 36 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 78 minutes over September. Sunrise moves from 5:19 AM to 5:48 AM, and sunset from 6:14 PM to 5:25 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.6 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:19 | 5:20 | 5:21 | 5:22 | 5:23 | 5:24 | 5:25 | 5:26 | 5:27 | 5:28 | 5:29 | 5:30 | 5:31 | 5:32 | 5:33 | 5:34 | 5:35 | 5:36 | 5:37 | 5:38 | 5:39 | 5:40 | 5:41 | 5:41 | 5:42 | 5:43 | 5:44 | 5:45 | 5:46 | 5:48 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:14 | 6:13 | 6:11 | 6:10 | 6:08 | 6:06 | 6:05 | 6:03 | 6:01 | 5:59 | 5:58 | 5:56 | 5:54 | 5:53 | 5:51 | 5:49 | 5:47 | 5:46 | 5:44 | 5:42 | 5:41 | 5:39 | 5:37 | 5:35 | 5:34 | 5:32 | 5:30 | 5:29 | 5:27 | 5:25 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.9 | 5:19 | 6:14 |
| 2 | 12.9 | 5:20 | 6:13 |
| 3 | 12.8 | 5:21 | 6:11 |
| 4 | 12.8 | 5:22 | 6:10 |
| 5 | 12.7 | 5:23 | 6:08 |
| 6 | 12.7 | 5:24 | 6:06 |
| 7 | 12.7 | 5:25 | 6:05 |
| 8 | 12.6 | 5:26 | 6:03 |
| 9 | 12.6 | 5:27 | 6:01 |
| 10 | 12.5 | 5:28 | 5:59 |
| 11 | 12.5 | 5:29 | 5:58 |
| 12 | 12.4 | 5:30 | 5:56 |
| 13 | 12.4 | 5:31 | 5:54 |
| 14 | 12.3 | 5:32 | 5:53 |
| 15 | 12.3 | 5:33 | 5:51 |
| 16 | 12.3 | 5:34 | 5:49 |
| 17 | 12.2 | 5:35 | 5:47 |
| 18 | 12.2 | 5:36 | 5:46 |
| 19 | 12.1 | 5:37 | 5:44 |
| 20 | 12.1 | 5:38 | 5:42 |
| 21 | 12.0 | 5:39 | 5:41 |
| 22 | 12.0 | 5:40 | 5:39 |
| 23 | 11.9 | 5:41 | 5:37 |
| 24 | 11.9 | 5:41 | 5:35 |
| 25 | 11.9 | 5:42 | 5:34 |
| 26 | 11.8 | 5:43 | 5:32 |
| 27 | 11.8 | 5:44 | 5:30 |
| 28 | 11.7 | 5:45 | 5:29 |
| 29 | 11.7 | 5:46 | 5:27 |
| 30 | 11.6 | 5:48 | 5:25 |
Solar energy in September
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in September, about 5.36 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 1.89 kWh/m² to a high of 7.43 kWh/m² in July across the year — September's 5.36 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 2 | 6.0 | Intense |
| 3 | 6.0 | Bright |
| 4 | 6.0 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 24 | 4.9 | Bright |
| 25 | 4.9 | Bright |
| 26 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 27 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 28 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 29 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 30 | 4.6 | Bright |
Is September a good time to visit Elmadağ?
Our two travel scores rate September for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
September is one of the better times to visit Elmadağ for general sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.
What to pack for Elmadağ in September
From September's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In September, Elmadağ sees daytime highs around 26°C and nights near 12°C. Worth packing: light clothes and sun protection. About 4 days see rain.
UV index in Elmadağ in September
Clear-sky midday UV in September peaks around 8 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Elmadağ peaks around August 10 at about 10 (very high) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 23 at about 2 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 8 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 2 | 3 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 9 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 2 |
| Level | Low | Moderate | Moderate | High | Very high | Very high | Very high | Very high | Very high | Moderate | Moderate | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2 | Low |
| Feb | 3 | Moderate |
| Mar | 3 | Moderate |
| Apr | 7 | High |
| May | 7 | Very high |
| Jun | 10 | Very high |
| Jul | 9 | Very high |
| Aug | 10 | Very high |
| Sep | 8 | Very high |
| Oct | 5 | Moderate |
| Nov | 3 | Moderate |
| Dec | 2 | Low |
Air quality in Elmadağ in September
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where September falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Elmadağ is worst in May — around 21 µg/m³ PM2.5 (moderate), about 1.8× the cleanest month (January, 12 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 12 | 14 | 18 | 19 | 21 | 17 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 14 | 13 |
| Level | Good | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12 | Good |
| Feb | 14 | Moderate |
| Mar | 18 | Moderate |
| Apr | 19 | Moderate |
| May | 21 | Moderate |
| Jun | 17 | Moderate |
| Jul | 13 | Moderate |
| Aug | 13 | Moderate |
| Sep | 14 | Moderate |
| Oct | 15 | Moderate |
| Nov | 14 | Moderate |
| Dec | 13 | Moderate |
Where is Elmadağ?
Elmadağ sits at 39.9°N, 33.2°E, 1,132 m above sea level, in Turkey. The nearest listed city is Kırıkkale, 25 km away.
Topography around Elmadağ
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Elmadağ.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Elmadağ has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 348 m around an average of 1,155 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,331 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,490 m.
The land around Elmadağ is covered by grassland (50%) and cropland (21%) within 3 km, grassland (62%) and cropland (25%) within 16 km, and grassland (47%) and cropland (44%) within 80 km.
Turkey travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 41% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $18,599
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.3 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Homicide rate
- 3.2
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 6.7
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 488
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Elmadağ (39.9208°, 33.2308°, elevation 1,132 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).