Katabi weather in September
In September, Katabi sees average daytime highs of 24°C and overnight lows near 21°C, with 106 mm of rain across 21 wet days and about 12 hours of daylight. It is the 6th-warmest and 10th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 24°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 18% of the time in September, and the air most often feels muggy.
Daylight stretches from about 12 hours at the start of September to 12 hours by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, September is Katabi's 7th-clearest and 8th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Katabi's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 24°
- 6th warmest
- Overnight low
- 21°
- 4th coldest
- Rainfall
- 106 mm
- 21 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 hours
- 6:44 AM – 6:44 PM
- Cloud cover
- 69%
- 7th clearest
- Wind
- 10 km/h
- 8th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.54 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 5.1
- out of 10
Temperature in September
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 24°C through the month.
A typical September day in Katabi reaches about 24°C in the afternoon and slips back to 21°C overnight — a 3°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 23°C and 25°C. Set against its neighbours, September runs on par with August and on par with October.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Avg low (°C) | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 24 | 21 |
| 2 | 24 | 21 |
| 3 | 24 | 21 |
| 4 | 24 | 21 |
| 5 | 24 | 21 |
| 6 | 24 | 21 |
| 7 | 24 | 21 |
| 8 | 24 | 21 |
| 9 | 24 | 21 |
| 10 | 24 | 21 |
| 11 | 24 | 21 |
| 12 | 24 | 21 |
| 13 | 24 | 21 |
| 14 | 24 | 21 |
| 15 | 24 | 21 |
| 16 | 24 | 21 |
| 17 | 24 | 21 |
| 18 | 24 | 21 |
| 19 | 24 | 21 |
| 20 | 24 | 21 |
| 21 | 24 | 21 |
| 22 | 24 | 21 |
| 23 | 24 | 21 |
| 24 | 24 | 21 |
| 25 | 24 | 21 |
| 26 | 24 | 21 |
| 27 | 24 | 21 |
| 28 | 24 | 21 |
| 29 | 24 | 21 |
| 30 | 24 | 21 |
Katabi weather by month
How September compares with the rest of the year at a glance. September is the 6th-warmest and 10th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 25° / 22° | 135 | 20.8 | 12 | 5.1 |
| Feb | 26° / 22° | 126 | 19.1 | 12 | 5.0 |
| Mar | 25° / 22° | 194 | 24.9 | 12 | 4.4 |
| Apr | 24° / 21° | 250 | 27.1 | 12 | 3.9 |
| May | 24° / 21° | 207 | 27.1 | 12 | 4.2 |
| Jun | 24° / 21° | 113 | 21.1 | 12 | 5.1 |
| Jul | 24° / 21° | 78 | 15.7 | 12 | 6.0 |
| Aug | 24° / 21° | 99 | 19.1 | 12 | 5.6 |
| Sep | 24° / 21° | 106 | 21 | 12 | 5.1 |
| Oct | 24° / 21° | 144 | 24.7 | 12 | 4.5 |
| Nov | 24° / 21° | 199 | 26.9 | 12 | 4.1 |
| Dec | 25° / 21° | 161 | 25.1 | 12 | 4.6 |
Cloud cover in September
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 18% of the time in September.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 18% of September, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 64%. Skies tend to cloud over as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 43 | 42 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 24 |
| Cloudier (%) | 57 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 59 | 59 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 62 | 62 | 63 | 65 | 65 | 66 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 74 | 75 | 76 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 43 | 57 |
| 2 | 43 | 57 |
| 3 | 43 | 57 |
| 4 | 43 | 57 |
| 5 | 43 | 57 |
| 6 | 42 | 58 |
| 7 | 41 | 59 |
| 8 | 41 | 59 |
| 9 | 41 | 59 |
| 10 | 40 | 60 |
| 11 | 40 | 60 |
| 12 | 40 | 60 |
| 13 | 40 | 60 |
| 14 | 38 | 62 |
| 15 | 38 | 62 |
| 16 | 37 | 63 |
| 17 | 35 | 65 |
| 18 | 35 | 65 |
| 19 | 34 | 66 |
| 20 | 32 | 68 |
| 21 | 32 | 68 |
| 22 | 31 | 69 |
| 23 | 30 | 70 |
| 24 | 29 | 71 |
| 25 | 28 | 72 |
| 26 | 27 | 73 |
| 27 | 26 | 74 |
| 28 | 26 | 74 |
| 29 | 25 | 75 |
| 30 | 24 | 76 |
Chance of precipitation in September
Katabi gets around 106 mm of rain over 21 wet days in September. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 70% and peaks near 73% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 67 | 67 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 71 | 71 | 72 | 72 | 72 | 73 | 73 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 67 |
| 2 | 67 |
| 3 | 68 |
| 4 | 68 |
| 5 | 69 |
| 6 | 69 |
| 7 | 69 |
| 8 | 69 |
| 9 | 69 |
| 10 | 69 |
| 11 | 69 |
| 12 | 69 |
| 13 | 69 |
| 14 | 69 |
| 15 | 69 |
| 16 | 69 |
| 17 | 69 |
| 18 | 69 |
| 19 | 69 |
| 20 | 69 |
| 21 | 70 |
| 22 | 70 |
| 23 | 70 |
| 24 | 71 |
| 25 | 71 |
| 26 | 72 |
| 27 | 72 |
| 28 | 72 |
| 29 | 73 |
| 30 | 73 |
Humidity in September
Most of September feels muggy — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, September lands in the muggy band about 75% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 75% of them.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Humid (%) | 41 | 40 | 38 | 37 | 36 | 35 | 34 | 33 | 32 | 31 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| Muggy (%) | 59 | 60 | 62 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 |
| Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 41 | 59 |
| 2 | 40 | 60 |
| 3 | 38 | 62 |
| 4 | 37 | 63 |
| 5 | 36 | 64 |
| 6 | 35 | 65 |
| 7 | 34 | 66 |
| 8 | 33 | 67 |
| 9 | 32 | 68 |
| 10 | 31 | 69 |
| 11 | 29 | 71 |
| 12 | 28 | 72 |
| 13 | 27 | 73 |
| 14 | 26 | 74 |
| 15 | 25 | 75 |
| 16 | 24 | 76 |
| 17 | 23 | 77 |
| 18 | 22 | 78 |
| 19 | 21 | 79 |
| 20 | 20 | 80 |
| 21 | 19 | 81 |
| 22 | 18 | 82 |
| 23 | 17 | 83 |
| 24 | 16 | 84 |
| 25 | 15 | 85 |
| 26 | 15 | 85 |
| 27 | 14 | 86 |
| 28 | 14 | 86 |
| 29 | 14 | 86 |
| 30 | 14 | 86 |
Wind in September
Winds average 10 km/h in September.
Across September, daily wind ranges from about 10 km/h on the calmest days to 11 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11 | calm |
| 2 | 11 | calm |
| 3 | 11 | calm |
| 4 | 11 | calm |
| 5 | 11 | calm |
| 6 | 11 | calm |
| 7 | 11 | calm |
| 8 | 10 | calm |
| 9 | 10 | calm |
| 10 | 10 | calm |
| 11 | 10 | calm |
| 12 | 10 | calm |
| 13 | 10 | calm |
| 14 | 10 | calm |
| 15 | 10 | calm |
| 16 | 10 | calm |
| 17 | 10 | calm |
| 18 | 10 | calm |
| 19 | 10 | calm |
| 20 | 10 | calm |
| 21 | 10 | calm |
| 22 | 10 | calm |
| 23 | 10 | calm |
| 24 | 10 | calm |
| 25 | 10 | calm |
| 26 | 10 | calm |
| 27 | 10 | calm |
| 28 | 10 | calm |
| 29 | 10 | calm |
| 30 | 10 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in September
Daylight runs from about 12 hours at the start of September to 12 hours by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 0 minutes over September. Sunrise moves from 6:50 AM to 6:39 AM, and sunset from 6:50 PM to 6:39 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:50 | 6:49 | 6:49 | 6:49 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:45 | 6:45 | 6:44 | 6:44 | 6:44 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:42 | 6:42 | 6:42 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:39 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:50 | 6:50 | 6:49 | 6:49 | 6:49 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:45 | 6:45 | 6:44 | 6:44 | 6:44 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:42 | 6:42 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:39 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.0 | 6:50 | 6:50 |
| 2 | 12.0 | 6:49 | 6:50 |
| 3 | 12.0 | 6:49 | 6:49 |
| 4 | 12.0 | 6:49 | 6:49 |
| 5 | 12.0 | 6:48 | 6:49 |
| 6 | 12.0 | 6:48 | 6:48 |
| 7 | 12.0 | 6:48 | 6:48 |
| 8 | 12.0 | 6:47 | 6:47 |
| 9 | 12.0 | 6:47 | 6:47 |
| 10 | 12.0 | 6:47 | 6:47 |
| 11 | 12.0 | 6:46 | 6:46 |
| 12 | 12.0 | 6:46 | 6:46 |
| 13 | 12.0 | 6:46 | 6:46 |
| 14 | 12.0 | 6:45 | 6:45 |
| 15 | 12.0 | 6:45 | 6:45 |
| 16 | 12.0 | 6:44 | 6:44 |
| 17 | 12.0 | 6:44 | 6:44 |
| 18 | 12.0 | 6:44 | 6:44 |
| 19 | 12.0 | 6:43 | 6:43 |
| 20 | 12.0 | 6:43 | 6:43 |
| 21 | 12.0 | 6:43 | 6:43 |
| 22 | 12.0 | 6:42 | 6:42 |
| 23 | 12.0 | 6:42 | 6:42 |
| 24 | 12.0 | 6:42 | 6:41 |
| 25 | 12.0 | 6:41 | 6:41 |
| 26 | 12.0 | 6:41 | 6:41 |
| 27 | 12.0 | 6:40 | 6:40 |
| 28 | 12.0 | 6:40 | 6:40 |
| 29 | 12.0 | 6:40 | 6:40 |
| 30 | 12.0 | 6:39 | 6:39 |
Solar energy in September
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in September, about 5.54 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.72 kWh/m² to a high of 5.93 kWh/m² in February across the year — September's 5.54 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.4 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 29 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 30 | 5.4 | Bright |
Is September a good time to visit Katabi?
Our two travel scores rate September for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
September is a reasonable time to visit Katabi for sightseeing.
What to pack for Katabi in September
From September's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In September, Katabi sees daytime highs around 24°C and nights near 21°C. Pack rain gear. Worth having: light clothes and sun protection. About 21 days see rain.
UV index in Katabi in September
Clear-sky midday UV in September peaks around 13 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Katabi peaks around March 17 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 18 at about 10 (extreme).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 13 | 14 | 16 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 11 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13 | Extreme |
| Feb | 14 | Extreme |
| Mar | 16 | Extreme |
| Apr | 14 | Extreme |
| May | 12 | Extreme |
| Jun | 10 | Very high |
| Jul | 11 | Extreme |
| Aug | 12 | Extreme |
| Sep | 13 | Extreme |
| Oct | 13 | Extreme |
| Nov | 12 | Extreme |
| Dec | 11 | Extreme |
Air quality in Katabi in September
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where September falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Katabi is worst in January — around 49 µg/m³ PM2.5 (poor), about 1.8× the cleanest month (May, 27 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 49 | 41 | 32 | 28 | 27 | 35 | 37 | 39 | 38 | 37 | 38 | 42 |
| Level | Poor | Poor | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor | Poor |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 49 | Poor |
| Feb | 41 | Poor |
| Mar | 32 | Moderate |
| Apr | 28 | Moderate |
| May | 27 | Moderate |
| Jun | 35 | Moderate |
| Jul | 37 | Poor |
| Aug | 39 | Poor |
| Sep | 38 | Poor |
| Oct | 37 | Poor |
| Nov | 38 | Poor |
| Dec | 42 | Poor |
Where is Katabi?
Katabi sits at 0.1°N, 32.5°E, 1,160 m above sea level, in Uganda. The nearest listed city is Entebbe, 3.0 km away.
Topography around Katabi
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Katabi.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Katabi has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 131 m around an average of 1,151 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 199 m; within 80 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 354 m.
The land around Katabi is covered by water (28%), trees (25%) and artificial surfaces (24%) within 3 km, water (45%) and trees (20%) within 16 km, and water (43%) and trees (27%) within 80 km.
Uganda travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type G
- 240 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 35% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $1,206
- 2025
- Happiness
- 4.5 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 18%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 9
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 29.4
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Low
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 518
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Katabi (0.0841°, 32.4697°, elevation 1,160 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).