Mukono weather in September
In September, Mukono sees average daytime highs of 25°C and overnight lows near 20°C, with 140 mm of rain across 25.8 wet days and about 12 hours of daylight. It is the 5th-warmest and 8th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 25°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 13% of the time in September, and the air most often feels muggy.
Daylight stretches from about 12 hours at the start of September to 12 hours by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, September is Mukono's 7th-clearest and 8th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Mukono's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 25°
- 5th warmest
- Overnight low
- 20°
- 3rd coldest
- Rainfall
- 140 mm
- 25.8 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 hours
- 6:43 AM – 6:43 PM
- Cloud cover
- 71%
- 7th clearest
- Wind
- 8 km/h
- 8th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.44 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 4.3
- out of 10
Mukono is town in Uganda.
- Density
- 6,092/km²
- people per km²
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in September
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 25°C through the month.
A typical September day in Mukono reaches about 25°C in the afternoon and slips back to 20°C overnight — a 5°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 23°C and 26°C. Set against its neighbours, September runs on par with August and on par with October.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| Avg low (°C) | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 25 | 20 |
| 2 | 25 | 20 |
| 3 | 25 | 20 |
| 4 | 25 | 20 |
| 5 | 25 | 20 |
| 6 | 25 | 20 |
| 7 | 25 | 20 |
| 8 | 25 | 20 |
| 9 | 25 | 20 |
| 10 | 25 | 20 |
| 11 | 25 | 20 |
| 12 | 25 | 20 |
| 13 | 25 | 20 |
| 14 | 25 | 20 |
| 15 | 25 | 20 |
| 16 | 25 | 20 |
| 17 | 25 | 20 |
| 18 | 25 | 20 |
| 19 | 25 | 20 |
| 20 | 25 | 20 |
| 21 | 25 | 20 |
| 22 | 25 | 20 |
| 23 | 25 | 20 |
| 24 | 25 | 20 |
| 25 | 25 | 20 |
| 26 | 25 | 20 |
| 27 | 25 | 20 |
| 28 | 25 | 20 |
| 29 | 25 | 20 |
| 30 | 25 | 20 |
Mukono weather by month
How September compares with the rest of the year at a glance. September is the 5th-warmest and 8th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 26° / 21° | 125 | 21.1 | 12 | 5.0 |
| Feb | 26° / 21° | 116 | 19.2 | 12 | 5.0 |
| Mar | 25° / 21° | 186 | 26 | 12 | 4.3 |
| Apr | 25° / 21° | 244 | 28.3 | 12 | 3.7 |
| May | 24° / 20° | 212 | 28.5 | 12 | 4.0 |
| Jun | 24° / 20° | 145 | 24.8 | 12 | 4.5 |
| Jul | 24° / 19° | 118 | 21.7 | 12 | 5.0 |
| Aug | 24° / 19° | 136 | 25 | 12 | 4.6 |
| Sep | 25° / 20° | 140 | 25.8 | 12 | 4.3 |
| Oct | 25° / 20° | 170 | 27.9 | 12 | 4.0 |
| Nov | 24° / 20° | 200 | 27.9 | 12 | 3.9 |
| Dec | 25° / 20° | 154 | 24.8 | 12 | 4.5 |
Cloud cover in September
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 13% of the time in September.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 18% of September, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 69%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 36 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 34 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 28 | 27 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 23 | 21 | 21 |
| Cloudier (%) | 64 | 64 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 65 | 65 | 66 | 66 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 72 | 73 | 75 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 77 | 79 | 79 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 36 | 64 |
| 2 | 36 | 64 |
| 3 | 37 | 63 |
| 4 | 37 | 63 |
| 5 | 37 | 63 |
| 6 | 37 | 63 |
| 7 | 37 | 63 |
| 8 | 37 | 63 |
| 9 | 37 | 63 |
| 10 | 37 | 63 |
| 11 | 36 | 64 |
| 12 | 36 | 64 |
| 13 | 35 | 65 |
| 14 | 35 | 65 |
| 15 | 34 | 66 |
| 16 | 34 | 66 |
| 17 | 32 | 68 |
| 18 | 32 | 68 |
| 19 | 31 | 69 |
| 20 | 30 | 70 |
| 21 | 28 | 72 |
| 22 | 27 | 73 |
| 23 | 25 | 75 |
| 24 | 25 | 75 |
| 25 | 24 | 76 |
| 26 | 23 | 77 |
| 27 | 22 | 78 |
| 28 | 23 | 77 |
| 29 | 21 | 79 |
| 30 | 21 | 79 |
Chance of precipitation in September
Mukono gets around 140 mm of rain over 25.8 wet days in September. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 86% and peaks near 87% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 86 | 86 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 87 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 86 |
| 2 | 86 |
| 3 | 86 |
| 4 | 87 |
| 5 | 87 |
| 6 | 87 |
| 7 | 87 |
| 8 | 87 |
| 9 | 87 |
| 10 | 86 |
| 11 | 86 |
| 12 | 86 |
| 13 | 86 |
| 14 | 86 |
| 15 | 86 |
| 16 | 86 |
| 17 | 86 |
| 18 | 85 |
| 19 | 85 |
| 20 | 85 |
| 21 | 85 |
| 22 | 85 |
| 23 | 85 |
| 24 | 85 |
| 25 | 86 |
| 26 | 86 |
| 27 | 86 |
| 28 | 86 |
| 29 | 86 |
| 30 | 87 |
Humidity in September
Most of September feels muggy — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, September lands in the muggy band about 83% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 83% of them.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Humid (%) | 30 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 7 |
| Muggy (%) | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 80 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 83 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 89 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 91 | 92 | 92 | 93 |
| Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 30 | 70 |
| 2 | 29 | 71 |
| 3 | 28 | 72 |
| 4 | 27 | 73 |
| 5 | 26 | 74 |
| 6 | 25 | 75 |
| 7 | 24 | 76 |
| 8 | 23 | 77 |
| 9 | 22 | 78 |
| 10 | 21 | 79 |
| 11 | 20 | 80 |
| 12 | 20 | 80 |
| 13 | 19 | 81 |
| 14 | 18 | 82 |
| 15 | 17 | 83 |
| 16 | 17 | 83 |
| 17 | 16 | 84 |
| 18 | 15 | 85 |
| 19 | 14 | 86 |
| 20 | 14 | 86 |
| 21 | 13 | 87 |
| 22 | 12 | 88 |
| 23 | 11 | 89 |
| 24 | 11 | 89 |
| 25 | 10 | 90 |
| 26 | 9 | 91 |
| 27 | 9 | 91 |
| 28 | 8 | 92 |
| 29 | 8 | 92 |
| 30 | 7 | 93 |
Wind in September
Winds average 8 km/h in September.
Across September, daily wind ranges from about 7 km/h on the calmest days to 8 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 | calm |
| 2 | 8 | calm |
| 3 | 8 | calm |
| 4 | 8 | calm |
| 5 | 8 | calm |
| 6 | 8 | calm |
| 7 | 8 | calm |
| 8 | 8 | calm |
| 9 | 8 | calm |
| 10 | 8 | calm |
| 11 | 8 | calm |
| 12 | 8 | calm |
| 13 | 8 | calm |
| 14 | 8 | calm |
| 15 | 8 | calm |
| 16 | 8 | calm |
| 17 | 8 | calm |
| 18 | 8 | calm |
| 19 | 8 | calm |
| 20 | 8 | calm |
| 21 | 7 | calm |
| 22 | 7 | calm |
| 23 | 7 | calm |
| 24 | 7 | calm |
| 25 | 7 | calm |
| 26 | 7 | calm |
| 27 | 7 | calm |
| 28 | 7 | calm |
| 29 | 7 | calm |
| 30 | 7 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in September
Daylight runs from about 12 hours at the start of September to 12 hours by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 0 minutes over September. Sunrise moves from 6:48 AM to 6:38 AM, and sunset from 6:49 PM to 6:38 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:45 | 6:45 | 6:45 | 6:44 | 6:44 | 6:44 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:42 | 6:42 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:39 | 6:39 | 6:39 | 6:38 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:49 | 6:49 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:45 | 6:45 | 6:45 | 6:44 | 6:44 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:43 | 6:42 | 6:42 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:41 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:40 | 6:39 | 6:39 | 6:39 | 6:38 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.0 | 6:48 | 6:49 |
| 2 | 12.0 | 6:48 | 6:49 |
| 3 | 12.0 | 6:48 | 6:48 |
| 4 | 12.0 | 6:47 | 6:48 |
| 5 | 12.0 | 6:47 | 6:47 |
| 6 | 12.0 | 6:47 | 6:47 |
| 7 | 12.0 | 6:46 | 6:47 |
| 8 | 12.0 | 6:46 | 6:46 |
| 9 | 12.0 | 6:46 | 6:46 |
| 10 | 12.0 | 6:45 | 6:46 |
| 11 | 12.0 | 6:45 | 6:45 |
| 12 | 12.0 | 6:45 | 6:45 |
| 13 | 12.0 | 6:44 | 6:45 |
| 14 | 12.0 | 6:44 | 6:44 |
| 15 | 12.0 | 6:44 | 6:44 |
| 16 | 12.0 | 6:43 | 6:43 |
| 17 | 12.0 | 6:43 | 6:43 |
| 18 | 12.0 | 6:43 | 6:43 |
| 19 | 12.0 | 6:42 | 6:42 |
| 20 | 12.0 | 6:42 | 6:42 |
| 21 | 12.0 | 6:41 | 6:41 |
| 22 | 12.0 | 6:41 | 6:41 |
| 23 | 12.0 | 6:41 | 6:41 |
| 24 | 12.0 | 6:40 | 6:40 |
| 25 | 12.0 | 6:40 | 6:40 |
| 26 | 12.0 | 6:40 | 6:40 |
| 27 | 12.0 | 6:39 | 6:39 |
| 28 | 12.0 | 6:39 | 6:39 |
| 29 | 12.0 | 6:39 | 6:39 |
| 30 | 12.0 | 6:38 | 6:38 |
Solar energy in September
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in September, about 5.44 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.7 kWh/m² to a high of 5.92 kWh/m² in February across the year — September's 5.44 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.3 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 29 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 30 | 5.3 | Bright |
Is September a good time to visit Mukono?
Our two travel scores rate September for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
September is a reasonable time to visit Mukono for sightseeing.
What to pack for Mukono in September
From September's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In September, Mukono sees daytime highs around 25°C and nights near 20°C. Pack rain gear. Worth having: light clothes and sun protection. About 26 days see rain.
UV index in Mukono in September
Clear-sky midday UV in September peaks around 13 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Mukono peaks around March 17 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 17 at about 10 (very high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 13 | 14 | 15 | 14 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 12 | 11 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13 | Extreme |
| Feb | 14 | Extreme |
| Mar | 15 | Extreme |
| Apr | 14 | Extreme |
| May | 11 | Extreme |
| Jun | 10 | Very high |
| Jul | 11 | Extreme |
| Aug | 12 | Extreme |
| Sep | 13 | Extreme |
| Oct | 14 | Extreme |
| Nov | 12 | Extreme |
| Dec | 11 | Extreme |
Air quality in Mukono in September
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where September falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Mukono is worst in January — around 38 µg/m³ PM2.5 (poor), about 2.0× the cleanest month (April, 19 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 38 | 31 | 22 | 19 | 21 | 29 | 33 | 32 | 29 | 27 | 26 | 29 |
| Level | Poor | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 38 | Poor |
| Feb | 31 | Moderate |
| Mar | 22 | Moderate |
| Apr | 19 | Moderate |
| May | 21 | Moderate |
| Jun | 29 | Moderate |
| Jul | 33 | Moderate |
| Aug | 32 | Moderate |
| Sep | 29 | Moderate |
| Oct | 27 | Moderate |
| Nov | 26 | Moderate |
| Dec | 29 | Moderate |
Where is Mukono?
Mukono sits at 0.4°N, 32.8°E, 1,188 m above sea level, in Uganda. The nearest listed city is Kireka, 12 km away.
Topography around Mukono
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Mukono.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Mukono has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 216 m around an average of 1,183 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 260 m; within 80 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 381 m.
The land around Mukono is covered by trees (38%) and artificial surfaces (34%) within 3 km, trees (42%) and shrubs (27%) within 16 km, and trees (36%) and water (31%) within 80 km.
Uganda travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type G
- 240 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 35% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $1,206
- 2025
- Happiness
- 4.5 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 18%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 9
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 29.4
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Low
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 518
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Mukono (0.3533°, 32.7553°, elevation 1,188 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).