Pontefract weather in October
In October, Pontefract sees average daytime highs of 14°C and overnight lows near 8°C, with 58 mm of rain across 11.2 wet days and about 10.3 hours of daylight. It is the 6th-warmest and 5th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs ease over the month, from about 16°C in the first days to 12°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 12% of the time in October, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 11 h 18 min at the start of October to 9 h 12 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, October is Pontefract's 11th-clearest and 6th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Pontefract's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 14°
- 6th warmest
- Overnight low
- 8°
- 8th coldest
- Rainfall
- 58 mm
- 11.2 wet days
- Daylight
- 10 h 12 min
- 6:43 AM – 4:58 PM
- Cloud cover
- 73%
- 11th clearest
- Wind
- 16 km/h
- 6th windiest
- Solar energy
- 1.6 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 3.8
- out of 10
Pontefract is market town in West Yorkshire, England.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in October
Highs ease over the month, from about 16°C in the first days to 12°C by the end.
A typical October day in Pontefract reaches about 14°C in the afternoon and slips back to 8°C overnight — a 6°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 11°C and 17°C. Set against its neighbours, October runs about 4°C cooler than September and about 4°C warmer than November.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Avg low (°C) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 16 | 9 |
| 2 | 16 | 9 |
| 3 | 16 | 9 |
| 4 | 15 | 9 |
| 5 | 15 | 9 |
| 6 | 15 | 9 |
| 7 | 15 | 9 |
| 8 | 15 | 9 |
| 9 | 15 | 9 |
| 10 | 15 | 8 |
| 11 | 15 | 8 |
| 12 | 14 | 8 |
| 13 | 14 | 8 |
| 14 | 14 | 8 |
| 15 | 14 | 8 |
| 16 | 14 | 8 |
| 17 | 14 | 8 |
| 18 | 14 | 8 |
| 19 | 13 | 8 |
| 20 | 13 | 7 |
| 21 | 13 | 7 |
| 22 | 13 | 7 |
| 23 | 13 | 7 |
| 24 | 13 | 7 |
| 25 | 13 | 7 |
| 26 | 13 | 7 |
| 27 | 13 | 7 |
| 28 | 12 | 7 |
| 29 | 12 | 7 |
| 30 | 12 | 7 |
| 31 | 12 | 7 |
How October really feels in Pontefract
Once humidity and wind are folded in, October averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
October sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.
Pontefract weather by month
How October compares with the rest of the year at a glance. October is the 6th-warmest and 5th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 7° / 3° | 52 | 11.4 | 1.1 | 7.8 | 0.9 |
| Feb | 8° / 2° | 45 | 10.4 | 1.3 | 9.4 | 1.2 |
| Mar | 10° / 4° | 45 | 10.1 | 0.8 | 11.5 | 2.2 |
| Apr | 13° / 5° | 53 | 10.7 | 0.2 | 13.7 | 3.3 |
| May | 16° / 8° | 51 | 10.6 | 0 | 15.6 | 4.6 |
| Jun | 18° / 11° | 66 | 11.3 | 0 | 16.7 | 5.5 |
| Jul | 21° / 13° | 62 | 11.6 | 0 | 16.3 | 6.0 |
| Aug | 20° / 13° | 65 | 10.8 | 0 | 14.6 | 6.0 |
| Sep | 18° / 10° | 54 | 9.6 | 0 | 12.5 | 5.5 |
| Oct | 14° / 8° | 58 | 11.2 | 0 | 10.3 | 3.8 |
| Nov | 10° / 5° | 58 | 11.8 | 0.3 | 8.3 | 2.1 |
| Dec | 7° / 3° | 58 | 11.5 | 0.9 | 7.3 | 1.0 |
Cloud cover in October
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 12% of the time in October.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 16% of October, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 72%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 27 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 31 | 31 |
| Cloudier (%) | 73 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 73 | 72 | 72 | 71 | 70 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 70 | 69 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 69 | 69 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 27 | 73 |
| 2 | 26 | 74 |
| 3 | 26 | 74 |
| 4 | 26 | 74 |
| 5 | 26 | 74 |
| 6 | 25 | 75 |
| 7 | 25 | 75 |
| 8 | 25 | 75 |
| 9 | 25 | 75 |
| 10 | 25 | 75 |
| 11 | 25 | 75 |
| 12 | 25 | 75 |
| 13 | 25 | 75 |
| 14 | 26 | 74 |
| 15 | 26 | 74 |
| 16 | 26 | 74 |
| 17 | 27 | 73 |
| 18 | 28 | 72 |
| 19 | 28 | 72 |
| 20 | 29 | 71 |
| 21 | 30 | 70 |
| 22 | 31 | 69 |
| 23 | 31 | 69 |
| 24 | 31 | 69 |
| 25 | 30 | 70 |
| 26 | 31 | 69 |
| 27 | 32 | 68 |
| 28 | 32 | 68 |
| 29 | 31 | 69 |
| 30 | 31 | 69 |
| 31 | 31 | 69 |
Chance of precipitation in October
Pontefract gets around 58 mm of rain over 11.2 wet days in October. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 36% and peaks near 37% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 36 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 36 |
| 2 | 36 |
| 3 | 36 |
| 4 | 36 |
| 5 | 37 |
| 6 | 37 |
| 7 | 37 |
| 8 | 37 |
| 9 | 37 |
| 10 | 37 |
| 11 | 36 |
| 12 | 36 |
| 13 | 36 |
| 14 | 36 |
| 15 | 36 |
| 16 | 36 |
| 17 | 36 |
| 18 | 36 |
| 19 | 36 |
| 20 | 36 |
| 21 | 36 |
| 22 | 36 |
| 23 | 35 |
| 24 | 35 |
| 25 | 35 |
| 26 | 35 |
| 27 | 35 |
| 28 | 35 |
| 29 | 35 |
| 30 | 36 |
| 31 | 36 |
Humidity in October
Most of October feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, October lands in the dry band about 96% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 91 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 93 | 93 | 94 | 94 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 |
| Comfortable (%) | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 91 | 9 |
| 2 | 92 | 8 |
| 3 | 92 | 8 |
| 4 | 92 | 8 |
| 5 | 93 | 7 |
| 6 | 93 | 7 |
| 7 | 94 | 6 |
| 8 | 94 | 6 |
| 9 | 95 | 5 |
| 10 | 95 | 5 |
| 11 | 95 | 5 |
| 12 | 96 | 4 |
| 13 | 96 | 4 |
| 14 | 96 | 4 |
| 15 | 96 | 4 |
| 16 | 97 | 3 |
| 17 | 97 | 3 |
| 18 | 97 | 3 |
| 19 | 97 | 3 |
| 20 | 98 | 2 |
| 21 | 98 | 2 |
| 22 | 98 | 2 |
| 23 | 99 | 1 |
| 24 | 99 | 1 |
| 25 | 99 | 1 |
| 26 | 99 | 1 |
| 27 | 99 | 1 |
| 28 | 99 | 1 |
| 29 | 99 | 1 |
| 30 | 99 | 1 |
| 31 | 99 | 1 |
Wind in October
Winds average 16 km/h in October.
Across October, daily wind ranges from about 15 km/h on the calmest days to 17 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 |
| Feels | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 15 | light breeze |
| 2 | 15 | light breeze |
| 3 | 15 | light breeze |
| 4 | 15 | light breeze |
| 5 | 15 | light breeze |
| 6 | 15 | light breeze |
| 7 | 15 | light breeze |
| 8 | 15 | light breeze |
| 9 | 15 | light breeze |
| 10 | 15 | light breeze |
| 11 | 15 | light breeze |
| 12 | 15 | light breeze |
| 13 | 15 | light breeze |
| 14 | 15 | light breeze |
| 15 | 16 | light breeze |
| 16 | 16 | light breeze |
| 17 | 16 | light breeze |
| 18 | 16 | light breeze |
| 19 | 16 | light breeze |
| 20 | 16 | light breeze |
| 21 | 16 | light breeze |
| 22 | 16 | light breeze |
| 23 | 16 | light breeze |
| 24 | 16 | light breeze |
| 25 | 16 | light breeze |
| 26 | 17 | light breeze |
| 27 | 17 | light breeze |
| 28 | 17 | light breeze |
| 29 | 17 | light breeze |
| 30 | 17 | light breeze |
| 31 | 17 | light breeze |
Sunrise & sunset in October
Daylight runs from about 11 h 18 min at the start of October to 9 h 12 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 126 minutes over October. Sunrise moves from 6:15 AM to 7:12 AM, and sunset from 5:34 PM to 4:25 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 11.1 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 10.9 | 10.8 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.2 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:15 | 6:16 | 6:18 | 6:20 | 6:22 | 6:24 | 6:26 | 6:28 | 6:30 | 6:31 | 6:33 | 6:35 | 6:37 | 6:39 | 6:41 | 6:43 | 6:45 | 6:47 | 6:49 | 6:51 | 6:53 | 6:55 | 6:57 | 6:59 | 7:00 | 7:02 | 7:04 | 7:06 | 7:08 | 7:10 | 7:12 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:34 | 5:31 | 5:29 | 5:26 | 5:24 | 5:22 | 5:19 | 5:17 | 5:14 | 5:12 | 5:09 | 5:07 | 5:05 | 5:02 | 5:00 | 4:58 | 4:55 | 4:53 | 4:51 | 4:49 | 4:46 | 4:44 | 4:42 | 4:40 | 4:38 | 4:36 | 4:33 | 4:31 | 4:29 | 4:27 | 4:25 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.3 | 6:15 | 5:34 |
| 2 | 11.3 | 6:16 | 5:31 |
| 3 | 11.2 | 6:18 | 5:29 |
| 4 | 11.1 | 6:20 | 5:26 |
| 5 | 11.0 | 6:22 | 5:24 |
| 6 | 11.0 | 6:24 | 5:22 |
| 7 | 10.9 | 6:26 | 5:19 |
| 8 | 10.8 | 6:28 | 5:17 |
| 9 | 10.7 | 6:30 | 5:14 |
| 10 | 10.7 | 6:31 | 5:12 |
| 11 | 10.6 | 6:33 | 5:09 |
| 12 | 10.5 | 6:35 | 5:07 |
| 13 | 10.5 | 6:37 | 5:05 |
| 14 | 10.4 | 6:39 | 5:02 |
| 15 | 10.3 | 6:41 | 5:00 |
| 16 | 10.2 | 6:43 | 4:58 |
| 17 | 10.2 | 6:45 | 4:55 |
| 18 | 10.1 | 6:47 | 4:53 |
| 19 | 10.0 | 6:49 | 4:51 |
| 20 | 10.0 | 6:51 | 4:49 |
| 21 | 9.9 | 6:53 | 4:46 |
| 22 | 9.8 | 6:55 | 4:44 |
| 23 | 9.8 | 6:57 | 4:42 |
| 24 | 9.7 | 6:59 | 4:40 |
| 25 | 9.6 | 7:00 | 4:38 |
| 26 | 9.6 | 7:02 | 4:36 |
| 27 | 9.5 | 7:04 | 4:33 |
| 28 | 9.4 | 7:06 | 4:31 |
| 29 | 9.4 | 7:08 | 4:29 |
| 30 | 9.3 | 7:10 | 4:27 |
| 31 | 9.2 | 7:12 | 4:25 |
Solar energy in October
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in October, about 1.6 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0.52 kWh/m² to a high of 4.85 kWh/m² in June across the year — October's 1.6 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 2 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 3 | 2.0 | Moderate |
| 4 | 2.0 | Moderate |
| 5 | 2.0 | Dim |
| 6 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 7 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 8 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 9 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 10 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 11 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 12 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 13 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 14 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 15 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 16 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 17 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 18 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 19 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 20 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 21 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 22 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 23 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 24 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 25 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 26 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 27 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 28 | 1.2 | Dim |
| 29 | 1.2 | Dim |
| 30 | 1.2 | Dim |
| 31 | 1.2 | Dim |
Is October a good time to visit Pontefract?
Our two travel scores rate October for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
October is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Pontefract.
What to pack for Pontefract in October
From October's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In October, Pontefract sees daytime highs around 14°C and nights near 8°C. Worth packing: a warm layer and rain gear. About 11 days see rain.
UV index in Pontefract in October
Clear-sky midday UV in October peaks around 2. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Pontefract peaks around August 12 at about 6 (high) — a little sun protection helps at midday. It bottoms out near January 1 at about 1 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 6 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
| Level | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | High | High | High | High | Moderate | Low | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1 | Low |
| Feb | 1 | Low |
| Mar | 3 | Moderate |
| Apr | 3 | Moderate |
| May | 6 | High |
| Jun | 5 | High |
| Jul | 6 | High |
| Aug | 6 | High |
| Sep | 4 | Moderate |
| Oct | 2 | Low |
| Nov | 1 | Low |
| Dec | 1 | Low |
Where is Pontefract?
Pontefract sits at 53.7°N, 1.3°W, 69 m above sea level, in United Kingdom. The nearest listed city is Castleford, 5.0 km away.
Topography around Pontefract
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Pontefract.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Pontefract has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 73 m around an average of 46 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 151 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 721 m.
The land around Pontefract is covered by cropland (38%) and artificial surfaces (28%) within 3 km, cropland (46%) and grassland (20%) within 16 km, and grassland (43%) and cropland (34%) within 80 km.
United Kingdom travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type D / G / M
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 89% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $57,602
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.7 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 100%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 1.1
- per 100k, 2021
- Road deaths
- 3.2
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Pontefract (53.6911°, -1.3127°, elevation 69 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).