Nogales weather in May
In May, Nogales sees average daytime highs of 84°F and overnight lows near 56°F, with 0.2 in of rain across 1.1 wet days and about 13.6 hours of daylight. It is the 5th-warmest and 12th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 81°F in the first days to 88°F by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 76% of the time in May, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 13 h 12 min at the start of May to 13 h 54 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, May is Nogales's 2nd-clearest and 1st-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Nogales's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 84°
- 5th warmest
- Overnight low
- 56°
- 8th coldest
- Rainfall
- 0.2 in
- 1.1 wet days
- Daylight
- 13 h 36 min
- 5:32 AM – 7:08 PM
- Cloud cover
- 22%
- 2nd clearest
- Wind
- 7 mph
- 1st windiest
- Solar energy
- 8.31 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 7.3
- out of 10
Nogales is city in and county seat of Santa Cruz County, Arizona, United States, on the Mexican border.
- Density
- 375/km²
- people per km²
- Founded
- 1893
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in May
Highs climb over the month, from about 81°F in the first days to 88°F by the end.
A typical May day in Nogales reaches about 84°F in the afternoon and slips back to 56°F overnight — a 28°F spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 76°F and 92°F. Set against its neighbours, May runs about 8°F warmer than April and about 8°F cooler than June.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°F) | 81 | 81 | 81 | 81 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 89 |
| Avg low (°F) | 52 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 53 | 54 | 54 | 54 | 54 | 55 | 55 | 55 | 55 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 56 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 57 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 59 | 59 | 59 | 60 | 60 |
| Avg high (°F) | Avg low (°F) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 81 | 52 |
| 2 | 81 | 53 |
| 3 | 81 | 53 |
| 4 | 81 | 53 |
| 5 | 82 | 53 |
| 6 | 82 | 54 |
| 7 | 82 | 54 |
| 8 | 82 | 54 |
| 9 | 83 | 54 |
| 10 | 83 | 55 |
| 11 | 83 | 55 |
| 12 | 83 | 55 |
| 13 | 83 | 55 |
| 14 | 84 | 56 |
| 15 | 84 | 56 |
| 16 | 84 | 56 |
| 17 | 84 | 56 |
| 18 | 85 | 56 |
| 19 | 85 | 57 |
| 20 | 85 | 57 |
| 21 | 85 | 57 |
| 22 | 86 | 57 |
| 23 | 86 | 58 |
| 24 | 86 | 58 |
| 25 | 87 | 58 |
| 26 | 87 | 58 |
| 27 | 87 | 59 |
| 28 | 87 | 59 |
| 29 | 88 | 59 |
| 30 | 88 | 60 |
| 31 | 89 | 60 |
How May really feels in Nogales
Once humidity and wind are folded in, May averages 0 days that feel above 90°F and 0 that feel at or below 32°F — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
May sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.
Nogales weather by month
How May compares with the rest of the year at a glance. May is the 5th-warmest and 12th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°F) | Rainfall (inches) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 61° / 37° | 1.4 | 4 | 0.4 | 10.2 | 6.2 |
| Feb | 63° / 39° | 1.5 | 4.5 | 0.5 | 10.9 | 6.6 |
| Mar | 69° / 43° | 0.9 | 3.4 | 0.3 | 11.8 | 7.8 |
| Apr | 76° / 48° | 0.3 | 1.6 | 0.2 | 12.7 | 8.8 |
| May | 84° / 56° | 0.2 | 1.1 | 0 | 13.6 | 7.3 |
| Jun | 92° / 65° | 0.4 | 2.4 | 0 | 14 | 4.2 |
| Jul | 90° / 69° | 3.7 | 15.1 | 0 | 13.8 | 3.6 |
| Aug | 87° / 67° | 3.6 | 16.4 | 0 | 13.1 | 4.1 |
| Sep | 85° / 63° | 1.9 | 7.7 | 0 | 12.2 | 5.7 |
| Oct | 79° / 54° | 0.9 | 3 | 0 | 11.2 | 8.3 |
| Nov | 69° / 44° | 0.9 | 2.8 | 0 | 10.4 | 8.0 |
| Dec | 61° / 37° | 1.4 | 4.6 | 0.5 | 10 | 6.0 |
Cloud cover in May
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 76% of the time in May.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 11% of May, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 14%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 |
| Cloudier (%) | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 87 | 13 |
| 2 | 87 | 13 |
| 3 | 87 | 13 |
| 4 | 87 | 13 |
| 5 | 86 | 14 |
| 6 | 86 | 14 |
| 7 | 86 | 14 |
| 8 | 86 | 14 |
| 9 | 85 | 15 |
| 10 | 85 | 15 |
| 11 | 85 | 15 |
| 12 | 84 | 16 |
| 13 | 84 | 16 |
| 14 | 84 | 16 |
| 15 | 84 | 16 |
| 16 | 84 | 16 |
| 17 | 85 | 15 |
| 18 | 86 | 14 |
| 19 | 86 | 14 |
| 20 | 86 | 14 |
| 21 | 87 | 13 |
| 22 | 87 | 13 |
| 23 | 87 | 13 |
| 24 | 88 | 12 |
| 25 | 88 | 12 |
| 26 | 89 | 11 |
| 27 | 89 | 11 |
| 28 | 89 | 11 |
| 29 | 89 | 11 |
| 30 | 89 | 11 |
| 31 | 89 | 11 |
Chance of precipitation in May
Nogales gets around 0.2 in of rain over 1.1 wet days in May, the driest month. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 4% and peaks near 5% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 2 |
| 3 | 2 |
| 4 | 2 |
| 5 | 2 |
| 6 | 2 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 8 | 3 |
| 9 | 3 |
| 10 | 3 |
| 11 | 3 |
| 12 | 3 |
| 13 | 4 |
| 14 | 4 |
| 15 | 4 |
| 16 | 4 |
| 17 | 4 |
| 18 | 4 |
| 19 | 4 |
| 20 | 4 |
| 21 | 4 |
| 22 | 4 |
| 23 | 4 |
| 24 | 4 |
| 25 | 5 |
| 26 | 5 |
| 27 | 5 |
| 28 | 5 |
| 29 | 4 |
| 30 | 4 |
| 31 | 4 |
Humidity in May
Most of May feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, May lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 |
| Comfortable (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 100 | 0 |
| 2 | 100 | 0 |
| 3 | 100 | 0 |
| 4 | 100 | 0 |
| 5 | 100 | 0 |
| 6 | 100 | 0 |
| 7 | 100 | 0 |
| 8 | 100 | 0 |
| 9 | 100 | 0 |
| 10 | 100 | 0 |
| 11 | 100 | 0 |
| 12 | 100 | 0 |
| 13 | 100 | 0 |
| 14 | 100 | 0 |
| 15 | 100 | 0 |
| 16 | 100 | 0 |
| 17 | 100 | 0 |
| 18 | 100 | 0 |
| 19 | 100 | 0 |
| 20 | 100 | 0 |
| 21 | 100 | 0 |
| 22 | 99 | 1 |
| 23 | 99 | 1 |
| 24 | 99 | 1 |
| 25 | 99 | 1 |
| 26 | 99 | 1 |
| 27 | 99 | 1 |
| 28 | 99 | 1 |
| 29 | 99 | 1 |
| 30 | 99 | 1 |
| 31 | 99 | 1 |
Wind in May
Winds average 7 mph in May, the windiest month of the year.
Across May, daily wind ranges from about 7 mph on the calmest days to 7 mph at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (mph) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (mph) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7 | calm |
| 2 | 7 | calm |
| 3 | 7 | calm |
| 4 | 7 | calm |
| 5 | 7 | calm |
| 6 | 7 | calm |
| 7 | 7 | calm |
| 8 | 7 | calm |
| 9 | 7 | calm |
| 10 | 7 | calm |
| 11 | 7 | calm |
| 12 | 7 | calm |
| 13 | 7 | calm |
| 14 | 7 | calm |
| 15 | 7 | calm |
| 16 | 7 | calm |
| 17 | 7 | calm |
| 18 | 7 | calm |
| 19 | 7 | calm |
| 20 | 7 | calm |
| 21 | 7 | calm |
| 22 | 7 | calm |
| 23 | 7 | calm |
| 24 | 7 | calm |
| 25 | 7 | calm |
| 26 | 7 | calm |
| 27 | 7 | calm |
| 28 | 7 | calm |
| 29 | 7 | calm |
| 30 | 7 | calm |
| 31 | 7 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in May
Daylight runs from about 13 h 12 min at the start of May to 13 h 54 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 42 minutes over May. Sunrise moves from 5:45 AM to 5:25 AM, and sunset from 6:57 PM to 7:17 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.9 | 13.9 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:45 | 5:44 | 5:43 | 5:42 | 5:41 | 5:40 | 5:39 | 5:38 | 5:38 | 5:37 | 5:36 | 5:35 | 5:34 | 5:34 | 5:33 | 5:32 | 5:32 | 5:31 | 5:30 | 5:30 | 5:29 | 5:29 | 5:28 | 5:28 | 5:27 | 5:27 | 5:26 | 5:26 | 5:26 | 5:25 | 5:25 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:57 | 6:58 | 6:59 | 6:59 | 7:00 | 7:01 | 7:01 | 7:02 | 7:03 | 7:03 | 7:04 | 7:05 | 7:06 | 7:06 | 7:07 | 7:08 | 7:08 | 7:09 | 7:10 | 7:10 | 7:11 | 7:12 | 7:12 | 7:13 | 7:14 | 7:14 | 7:15 | 7:15 | 7:16 | 7:17 | 7:17 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13.2 | 5:45 | 6:57 |
| 2 | 13.2 | 5:44 | 6:58 |
| 3 | 13.3 | 5:43 | 6:59 |
| 4 | 13.3 | 5:42 | 6:59 |
| 5 | 13.3 | 5:41 | 7:00 |
| 6 | 13.3 | 5:40 | 7:01 |
| 7 | 13.4 | 5:39 | 7:01 |
| 8 | 13.4 | 5:38 | 7:02 |
| 9 | 13.4 | 5:38 | 7:03 |
| 10 | 13.4 | 5:37 | 7:03 |
| 11 | 13.5 | 5:36 | 7:04 |
| 12 | 13.5 | 5:35 | 7:05 |
| 13 | 13.5 | 5:34 | 7:06 |
| 14 | 13.5 | 5:34 | 7:06 |
| 15 | 13.6 | 5:33 | 7:07 |
| 16 | 13.6 | 5:32 | 7:08 |
| 17 | 13.6 | 5:32 | 7:08 |
| 18 | 13.6 | 5:31 | 7:09 |
| 19 | 13.7 | 5:30 | 7:10 |
| 20 | 13.7 | 5:30 | 7:10 |
| 21 | 13.7 | 5:29 | 7:11 |
| 22 | 13.7 | 5:29 | 7:12 |
| 23 | 13.7 | 5:28 | 7:12 |
| 24 | 13.8 | 5:28 | 7:13 |
| 25 | 13.8 | 5:27 | 7:14 |
| 26 | 13.8 | 5:27 | 7:14 |
| 27 | 13.8 | 5:26 | 7:15 |
| 28 | 13.8 | 5:26 | 7:15 |
| 29 | 13.8 | 5:26 | 7:16 |
| 30 | 13.9 | 5:25 | 7:17 |
| 31 | 13.9 | 5:25 | 7:17 |
Solar energy in May
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in May, about 8.31 kWh/m² — the sunniest month for solar.
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 3.52 kWh/m² to a high of 8.31 kWh/m² in May across the year — May's 8.31 kWh/m² sits near the top of that range.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 8.1 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8.1 | Intense |
| 2 | 8.1 | Intense |
| 3 | 8.2 | Intense |
| 4 | 8.2 | Intense |
| 5 | 8.2 | Intense |
| 6 | 8.2 | Intense |
| 7 | 8.2 | Intense |
| 8 | 8.2 | Intense |
| 9 | 8.2 | Intense |
| 10 | 8.2 | Intense |
| 11 | 8.2 | Intense |
| 12 | 8.3 | Intense |
| 13 | 8.3 | Intense |
| 14 | 8.3 | Intense |
| 15 | 8.3 | Intense |
| 16 | 8.3 | Intense |
| 17 | 8.3 | Intense |
| 18 | 8.3 | Intense |
| 19 | 8.3 | Intense |
| 20 | 8.3 | Intense |
| 21 | 8.3 | Intense |
| 22 | 8.4 | Intense |
| 23 | 8.4 | Intense |
| 24 | 8.4 | Intense |
| 25 | 8.4 | Intense |
| 26 | 8.4 | Intense |
| 27 | 8.4 | Intense |
| 28 | 8.4 | Intense |
| 29 | 8.4 | Intense |
| 30 | 8.4 | Intense |
| 31 | 8.4 | Intense |
Is May a good time to visit Nogales?
Our two travel scores rate May for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
May is one of the better times to visit Nogales for general sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.
What to pack for Nogales in May
From May's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In May, Nogales sees daytime highs around 84°F and nights near 56°F. Pack light clothes and sun protection.
UV index in Nogales in May
Clear-sky midday UV in May peaks around 10 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Nogales peaks around June 21 at about 12 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 19 at about 4 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 4 | 5 | 7 | 10 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 4 |
| Level | Moderate | High | High | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high | High | Moderate |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 4 | Moderate |
| Feb | 5 | High |
| Mar | 7 | High |
| Apr | 10 | Very high |
| May | 10 | Very high |
| Jun | 12 | Extreme |
| Jul | 12 | Extreme |
| Aug | 11 | Extreme |
| Sep | 10 | Very high |
| Oct | 7 | Very high |
| Nov | 5 | High |
| Dec | 4 | Moderate |
Where is Nogales?
Nogales sits at 31.3°N, 110.9°W, 3,832 ft above sea level, in United States. The nearest listed city is Nogales, 2.5 mi away.
Topography around Nogales
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 2, 10 and 50 miles of Nogales.
Within 2 miles, the terrain around Nogales has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 869 ft around an average of 3,980 ft above sea level; within 10 miles, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,297 ft; within 50 miles, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 7,484 ft.
The land around Nogales is covered by shrubs (50%) and artificial surfaces (37%) within 2 miles, shrubs (69%) and grassland (21%) within 10 miles, and shrubs (79%) within 50 miles.
United States travel facts
- Power plugs
- Type A / B
- 120 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 100% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $90,027
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.8 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 98%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 5.8
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 12.7
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Nogales (31.3404°, -110.9343°, elevation 3,832 ft), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).