Vatican City weather in November
In November, Vatican City sees average daytime highs of 16°C and overnight lows near 8°C, with 128 mm of rain across 12.2 wet days and about 9.6 hours of daylight. It is the 8th-warmest and 1st-wettest month of the year here.
Highs ease over the month, from about 19°C in the first days to 14°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 35% of the time in November, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 10 h 06 min at the start of November to 9 h 12 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, November is Vatican City's 12th-clearest and 4th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Vatican City's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 16°
- 8th warmest
- Overnight low
- 8°
- 5th coldest
- Rainfall
- 128 mm
- 12.2 wet days
- Daylight
- 9 h 36 min
- 7:08 AM – 4:43 PM
- Cloud cover
- 55%
- 12th clearest
- Wind
- 9 km/h
- 4th windiest
- Solar energy
- 2.02 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 4.9
- out of 10
Temperature in November
Highs ease over the month, from about 19°C in the first days to 14°C by the end.
A typical November day in Vatican City reaches about 16°C in the afternoon and slips back to 8°C overnight — a 8°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 13°C and 19°C. Set against its neighbours, November runs about 5°C cooler than October and about 4°C warmer than December.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| Avg low (°C) | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 19 | 11 |
| 2 | 19 | 11 |
| 3 | 19 | 10 |
| 4 | 19 | 10 |
| 5 | 18 | 10 |
| 6 | 18 | 10 |
| 7 | 18 | 10 |
| 8 | 18 | 10 |
| 9 | 18 | 10 |
| 10 | 17 | 9 |
| 11 | 17 | 9 |
| 12 | 17 | 9 |
| 13 | 17 | 9 |
| 14 | 16 | 9 |
| 15 | 16 | 8 |
| 16 | 16 | 8 |
| 17 | 16 | 8 |
| 18 | 16 | 8 |
| 19 | 16 | 8 |
| 20 | 15 | 8 |
| 21 | 15 | 7 |
| 22 | 15 | 7 |
| 23 | 15 | 7 |
| 24 | 15 | 7 |
| 25 | 15 | 7 |
| 26 | 14 | 7 |
| 27 | 14 | 7 |
| 28 | 14 | 6 |
| 29 | 14 | 6 |
| 30 | 14 | 6 |
How November really feels in Vatican City
Once humidity and wind are folded in, November averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
November sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.
Vatican City weather by month
How November compares with the rest of the year at a glance. November is the 8th-warmest and 1st-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12° / 4° | 63 | 8.6 | 9.3 | 3.2 |
| Feb | 13° / 4° | 71 | 9.2 | 10.3 | 3.6 |
| Mar | 16° / 6° | 74 | 9.1 | 11.7 | 5.1 |
| Apr | 19° / 9° | 77 | 10.6 | 13.1 | 6.0 |
| May | 23° / 13° | 58 | 8.4 | 14.3 | 7.3 |
| Jun | 28° / 17° | 34 | 5.5 | 15 | 7.1 |
| Jul | 31° / 19° | 23 | 4 | 14.7 | 5.8 |
| Aug | 31° / 20° | 22 | 4.3 | 13.7 | 5.5 |
| Sep | 26° / 16° | 84 | 8.8 | 12.3 | 7.0 |
| Oct | 22° / 13° | 116 | 10.4 | 10.9 | 6.7 |
| Nov | 16° / 8° | 128 | 12.2 | 9.6 | 4.9 |
| Dec | 12° / 5° | 94 | 10.6 | 9 | 3.4 |
Cloud cover in November
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 35% of the time in November, the cloudiest month of the year.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 16% of November, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 49%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 56 | 55 | 55 | 54 | 54 | 53 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 51 | 51 | 50 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 52 | 51 |
| Cloudier (%) | 44 | 45 | 45 | 46 | 46 | 47 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 49 | 49 | 50 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 48 | 49 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 56 | 44 |
| 2 | 55 | 45 |
| 3 | 55 | 45 |
| 4 | 54 | 46 |
| 5 | 54 | 46 |
| 6 | 53 | 47 |
| 7 | 52 | 48 |
| 8 | 52 | 48 |
| 9 | 52 | 48 |
| 10 | 52 | 48 |
| 11 | 51 | 49 |
| 12 | 51 | 49 |
| 13 | 51 | 49 |
| 14 | 50 | 50 |
| 15 | 50 | 50 |
| 16 | 50 | 50 |
| 17 | 50 | 50 |
| 18 | 50 | 50 |
| 19 | 50 | 50 |
| 20 | 49 | 51 |
| 21 | 50 | 50 |
| 22 | 50 | 50 |
| 23 | 51 | 49 |
| 24 | 51 | 49 |
| 25 | 50 | 50 |
| 26 | 51 | 49 |
| 27 | 51 | 49 |
| 28 | 51 | 49 |
| 29 | 52 | 48 |
| 30 | 51 | 49 |
Chance of precipitation in November
Vatican City gets around 128 mm of rain over 12.2 wet days in November, the wettest month. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 40% and peaks near 42% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 39 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 39 |
| 2 | 39 |
| 3 | 40 |
| 4 | 41 |
| 5 | 41 |
| 6 | 41 |
| 7 | 41 |
| 8 | 42 |
| 9 | 42 |
| 10 | 42 |
| 11 | 42 |
| 12 | 41 |
| 13 | 41 |
| 14 | 41 |
| 15 | 41 |
| 16 | 40 |
| 17 | 40 |
| 18 | 40 |
| 19 | 40 |
| 20 | 39 |
| 21 | 39 |
| 22 | 39 |
| 23 | 39 |
| 24 | 39 |
| 25 | 39 |
| 26 | 38 |
| 27 | 38 |
| 28 | 38 |
| 29 | 38 |
| 30 | 38 |
Humidity in November
Most of November feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, November lands in the dry band about 90% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 68 | 71 | 72 | 74 | 76 | 78 | 79 | 82 | 83 | 86 | 87 | 89 | 90 | 92 | 94 | 95 | 95 | 96 | 96 | 97 | 97 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 |
| Comfortable (%) | 26 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Humid (%) | 6 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 68 | 26 | 6 |
| 2 | 71 | 24 | 5 |
| 3 | 72 | 23 | 5 |
| 4 | 74 | 22 | 4 |
| 5 | 76 | 20 | 4 |
| 6 | 78 | 19 | 3 |
| 7 | 79 | 18 | 3 |
| 8 | 82 | 16 | 2 |
| 9 | 83 | 15 | 2 |
| 10 | 86 | 13 | 1 |
| 11 | 87 | 12 | 1 |
| 12 | 89 | 10 | 1 |
| 13 | 90 | 9 | 1 |
| 14 | 92 | 7 | 1 |
| 15 | 94 | 6 | 0 |
| 16 | 95 | 5 | 0 |
| 17 | 95 | 5 | 0 |
| 18 | 96 | 4 | 0 |
| 19 | 96 | 4 | 0 |
| 20 | 97 | 3 | 0 |
| 21 | 97 | 3 | 0 |
| 22 | 98 | 2 | 0 |
| 23 | 98 | 2 | 0 |
| 24 | 98 | 2 | 0 |
| 25 | 99 | 1 | 0 |
| 26 | 99 | 1 | 0 |
| 27 | 99 | 1 | 0 |
| 28 | 99 | 1 | 0 |
| 29 | 99 | 1 | 0 |
| 30 | 99 | 1 | 0 |
Wind in November
Winds average 9 km/h in November.
Across November, daily wind ranges from about 8 km/h on the calmest days to 9 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 | calm |
| 2 | 8 | calm |
| 3 | 8 | calm |
| 4 | 8 | calm |
| 5 | 9 | calm |
| 6 | 9 | calm |
| 7 | 9 | calm |
| 8 | 9 | calm |
| 9 | 9 | calm |
| 10 | 9 | calm |
| 11 | 9 | calm |
| 12 | 9 | calm |
| 13 | 9 | calm |
| 14 | 9 | calm |
| 15 | 9 | calm |
| 16 | 9 | calm |
| 17 | 9 | calm |
| 18 | 9 | calm |
| 19 | 9 | calm |
| 20 | 9 | calm |
| 21 | 9 | calm |
| 22 | 9 | calm |
| 23 | 9 | calm |
| 24 | 9 | calm |
| 25 | 9 | calm |
| 26 | 9 | calm |
| 27 | 9 | calm |
| 28 | 9 | calm |
| 29 | 9 | calm |
| 30 | 9 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in November
Daylight runs from about 10 h 06 min at the start of November to 9 h 12 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 54 minutes over November. Sunrise moves from 6:49 AM to 7:24 AM, and sunset from 4:58 PM to 4:36 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.8 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.6 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9.2 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:49 | 6:51 | 6:52 | 6:53 | 6:54 | 6:55 | 6:57 | 6:58 | 6:59 | 7:00 | 7:02 | 7:03 | 7:04 | 7:05 | 7:07 | 7:08 | 7:09 | 7:10 | 7:11 | 7:13 | 7:14 | 7:15 | 7:16 | 7:17 | 7:18 | 7:19 | 7:20 | 7:22 | 7:23 | 7:24 |
| Sunset (PM) | 4:58 | 4:57 | 4:56 | 4:55 | 4:54 | 4:52 | 4:51 | 4:50 | 4:49 | 4:48 | 4:47 | 4:46 | 4:46 | 4:45 | 4:44 | 4:43 | 4:42 | 4:42 | 4:41 | 4:40 | 4:40 | 4:39 | 4:38 | 4:38 | 4:37 | 4:37 | 4:37 | 4:36 | 4:36 | 4:36 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10.1 | 6:49 | 4:58 |
| 2 | 10.1 | 6:51 | 4:57 |
| 3 | 10.1 | 6:52 | 4:56 |
| 4 | 10.0 | 6:53 | 4:55 |
| 5 | 10.0 | 6:54 | 4:54 |
| 6 | 9.9 | 6:55 | 4:52 |
| 7 | 9.9 | 6:57 | 4:51 |
| 8 | 9.9 | 6:58 | 4:50 |
| 9 | 9.8 | 6:59 | 4:49 |
| 10 | 9.8 | 7:00 | 4:48 |
| 11 | 9.8 | 7:02 | 4:47 |
| 12 | 9.7 | 7:03 | 4:46 |
| 13 | 9.7 | 7:04 | 4:46 |
| 14 | 9.7 | 7:05 | 4:45 |
| 15 | 9.6 | 7:07 | 4:44 |
| 16 | 9.6 | 7:08 | 4:43 |
| 17 | 9.6 | 7:09 | 4:42 |
| 18 | 9.5 | 7:10 | 4:42 |
| 19 | 9.5 | 7:11 | 4:41 |
| 20 | 9.5 | 7:13 | 4:40 |
| 21 | 9.4 | 7:14 | 4:40 |
| 22 | 9.4 | 7:15 | 4:39 |
| 23 | 9.4 | 7:16 | 4:38 |
| 24 | 9.3 | 7:17 | 4:38 |
| 25 | 9.3 | 7:18 | 4:37 |
| 26 | 9.3 | 7:19 | 4:37 |
| 27 | 9.3 | 7:20 | 4:37 |
| 28 | 9.2 | 7:22 | 4:36 |
| 29 | 9.2 | 7:23 | 4:36 |
| 30 | 9.2 | 7:24 | 4:36 |
Solar energy in November
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in November, about 2.02 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 1.63 kWh/m² to a high of 7.08 kWh/m² in July across the year — November's 2.02 kWh/m² sits near the bottom.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2.5 | Moderate |
| 2 | 2.4 | Moderate |
| 3 | 2.4 | Moderate |
| 4 | 2.4 | Moderate |
| 5 | 2.3 | Moderate |
| 6 | 2.3 | Moderate |
| 7 | 2.3 | Moderate |
| 8 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 9 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 10 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 11 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 12 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 13 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 14 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 15 | 2.0 | Moderate |
| 16 | 2.0 | Moderate |
| 17 | 2.0 | Dim |
| 18 | 2.0 | Dim |
| 19 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 20 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 21 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 22 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 23 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 24 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 25 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 26 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 27 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 28 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 29 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 30 | 1.7 | Dim |
Hazard calendar for Vatican City
In November, Vatican City sits inside its rainy season season. The full year is below, with each hazard's peak months called out.
Vatican City's rainy season runs September–April, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is November a good time to visit Vatican City?
Our two travel scores rate November for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
November is a reasonable time to visit Vatican City for sightseeing.
What to pack for Vatican City in November
From November's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In November, Vatican City sees daytime highs around 16°C and nights near 8°C. Worth packing: a warm layer and rain gear. About 12 days see rain.
Sea temperature near Vatican City in November
The nearest coast averages about 19°C in November — the other half of the beach question. The full-year curve and swim-comfort zones are below.
The sea at the nearest coast (about 27 km away) is warmest in August at about 25°C and coldest in February near 14°C.
It's comfortable for a long swim from Jun 1 to Oct 31 — about 5 months when the water holds above 20°C.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sea temperature (°C) | 15 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 18 | 22 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 21 | 19 | 16 |
| Comfort | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Cool | Cool | Refreshing | Warm | Warm | Refreshing | Refreshing | Cool | Cool |
| Sea temperature (°C) | Comfort | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15 | Bracing |
| Feb | 14 | Bracing |
| Mar | 14 | Bracing |
| Apr | 15 | Cool |
| May | 18 | Cool |
| Jun | 22 | Refreshing |
| Jul | 25 | Warm |
| Aug | 25 | Warm |
| Sep | 24 | Refreshing |
| Oct | 21 | Refreshing |
| Nov | 19 | Cool |
| Dec | 16 | Cool |
UV index in Vatican City in November
Clear-sky midday UV in November peaks around 2. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Vatican City peaks around July 15 at about 9 (very high) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 21 at about 1 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 8 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 1 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 7 | 9 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Level | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | High | Very high | Very high | Very high | High | Moderate | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1 | Low |
| Feb | 3 | Moderate |
| Mar | 5 | Moderate |
| Apr | 4 | Moderate |
| May | 7 | High |
| Jun | 9 | Very high |
| Jul | 10 | Very high |
| Aug | 8 | Very high |
| Sep | 5 | High |
| Oct | 3 | Moderate |
| Nov | 2 | Low |
| Dec | 1 | Low |
Air quality in Vatican City in November
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where November falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Vatican City is worst in April — around 17 µg/m³ PM2.5 (moderate), and holds fairly steady the rest of the year.
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 15 | 15 | 17 | 17 | 15 | 14 | 12 | 13 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 13 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Good | Moderate | Good | Moderate | Good | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15 | Moderate |
| Feb | 15 | Moderate |
| Mar | 17 | Moderate |
| Apr | 17 | Moderate |
| May | 15 | Moderate |
| Jun | 14 | Moderate |
| Jul | 12 | Good |
| Aug | 13 | Moderate |
| Sep | 11 | Good |
| Oct | 12 | Moderate |
| Nov | 12 | Good |
| Dec | 13 | Moderate |
Where is Vatican City?
Vatican City sits at 41.9°N, 12.5°E, 55 m above sea level, in Vatican. The nearest listed city is Rome, 5.0 km away.
Topography around Vatican City
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Vatican City.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Vatican City has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 140 m around an average of 56 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 179 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,182 m.
The land around Vatican City is covered by artificial surfaces (59%) and trees (34%) within 3 km, trees (31%), artificial surfaces (29%) and cropland (22%) within 16 km, and trees (45%) and water (26%) within 80 km.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Vatican City (41.9027°, 12.4541°, elevation 55 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).