Uyuni weather in August
In August, Uyuni sees average daytime highs of 14°C and overnight lows near -2°C, with 3 mm of precipitation across 0.9 wet days and about 11.3 hours of daylight. It is the 9th-warmest and 9th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 13°C in the first days to 15°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 84% of the time in August, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 11 h 06 min at the start of August to 11 h 36 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, August is Uyuni's 1st-clearest and 3rd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Uyuni's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 14°
- 9th warmest
- Overnight low
- -2°
- 3rd coldest
- Precipitation
- 3 mm
- 0.9 wet days
- Daylight
- 11 h 18 min
- 6:53 AM – 6:10 PM
- Cloud cover
- 16%
- 1st clearest
- Wind
- 13 km/h
- 3rd windiest
- Solar energy
- 6.42 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 5.5
- out of 10
Uyuni is city in Bolivia.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in August
Highs climb over the month, from about 13°C in the first days to 15°C by the end.
A typical August day in Uyuni reaches about 14°C in the afternoon and slips back to -2°C overnight — a 16°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 11°C and 16°C. Set against its neighbours, August runs about 2°C warmer than July and about 2°C cooler than September.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Avg low (°C) | -3 | -3 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -2 | -1 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13 | -3 |
| 2 | 13 | -3 |
| 3 | 13 | -2 |
| 4 | 13 | -2 |
| 5 | 13 | -2 |
| 6 | 13 | -2 |
| 7 | 13 | -2 |
| 8 | 13 | -2 |
| 9 | 14 | -2 |
| 10 | 14 | -2 |
| 11 | 14 | -2 |
| 12 | 14 | -2 |
| 13 | 14 | -2 |
| 14 | 14 | -2 |
| 15 | 14 | -2 |
| 16 | 14 | -2 |
| 17 | 14 | -2 |
| 18 | 14 | -2 |
| 19 | 14 | -2 |
| 20 | 14 | -2 |
| 21 | 14 | -2 |
| 22 | 14 | -2 |
| 23 | 14 | -2 |
| 24 | 14 | -2 |
| 25 | 14 | -2 |
| 26 | 15 | -2 |
| 27 | 15 | -2 |
| 28 | 15 | -2 |
| 29 | 15 | -2 |
| 30 | 15 | -2 |
| 31 | 15 | -1 |
How August really feels in Uyuni
Once humidity and wind are folded in, August averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 31 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in August is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Uyuni weather by month
How August compares with the rest of the year at a glance. August is the 9th-warmest and 9th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 18° / 6° | 131 | 19.4 | 13.1 | 4.5 |
| Feb | 17° / 6° | 108 | 17 | 12.7 | 4.5 |
| Mar | 18° / 5° | 54 | 11.8 | 12.1 | 5.6 |
| Apr | 17° / 2° | 10 | 2.5 | 11.5 | 6.7 |
| May | 14° / -2° | 2 | 0.5 | 11 | 5.5 |
| Jun | 12° / -3° | 1 | 0.3 | 10.8 | 4.4 |
| Jul | 12° / -3° | 3 | 0.7 | 10.9 | 4.3 |
| Aug | 14° / -2° | 3 | 0.9 | 11.3 | 5.5 |
| Sep | 16° / -1° | 4 | 1.2 | 11.9 | 6.7 |
| Oct | 18° / 2° | 9 | 1.9 | 12.5 | 7.5 |
| Nov | 20° / 4° | 13 | 3.4 | 13 | 7.5 |
| Dec | 20° / 6° | 62 | 10.4 | 13.2 | 6.2 |
Cloud cover in August
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 84% of the time in August, the clearest month of the year.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 6% of August, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 10%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 90 | 90 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 89 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 91 | 91 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 91 | 91 | 91 | 91 | 91 | 91 | 91 | 90 | 90 | 90 |
| Cloudier (%) | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 90 | 10 |
| 2 | 90 | 10 |
| 3 | 89 | 11 |
| 4 | 89 | 11 |
| 5 | 89 | 11 |
| 6 | 89 | 11 |
| 7 | 89 | 11 |
| 8 | 89 | 11 |
| 9 | 89 | 11 |
| 10 | 89 | 11 |
| 11 | 89 | 11 |
| 12 | 90 | 10 |
| 13 | 90 | 10 |
| 14 | 90 | 10 |
| 15 | 90 | 10 |
| 16 | 91 | 9 |
| 17 | 91 | 9 |
| 18 | 92 | 8 |
| 19 | 92 | 8 |
| 20 | 92 | 8 |
| 21 | 92 | 8 |
| 22 | 91 | 9 |
| 23 | 91 | 9 |
| 24 | 91 | 9 |
| 25 | 91 | 9 |
| 26 | 91 | 9 |
| 27 | 91 | 9 |
| 28 | 91 | 9 |
| 29 | 90 | 10 |
| 30 | 90 | 10 |
| 31 | 90 | 10 |
Chance of precipitation in August
Uyuni gets around 3 mm of rain and snow over 0.9 wet days in August. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 3% and peaks near 3% on the wettest days, and about 0 day brings snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 2 |
| 3 | 2 |
| 4 | 2 |
| 5 | 2 |
| 6 | 3 |
| 7 | 3 |
| 8 | 3 |
| 9 | 3 |
| 10 | 3 |
| 11 | 3 |
| 12 | 3 |
| 13 | 3 |
| 14 | 3 |
| 15 | 3 |
| 16 | 3 |
| 17 | 3 |
| 18 | 3 |
| 19 | 3 |
| 20 | 3 |
| 21 | 3 |
| 22 | 3 |
| 23 | 3 |
| 24 | 3 |
| 25 | 3 |
| 26 | 3 |
| 27 | 3 |
| 28 | 3 |
| 29 | 3 |
| 30 | 3 |
| 31 | 3 |
Humidity in August
Most of August feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, August lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
| 31 | 100 |
Wind in August
Winds average 13 km/h in August.
Across August, daily wind ranges from about 13 km/h on the calmest days to 13 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Feels | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13 | light breeze |
| 2 | 13 | light breeze |
| 3 | 13 | light breeze |
| 4 | 13 | light breeze |
| 5 | 13 | light breeze |
| 6 | 13 | light breeze |
| 7 | 13 | light breeze |
| 8 | 13 | light breeze |
| 9 | 13 | light breeze |
| 10 | 13 | light breeze |
| 11 | 13 | light breeze |
| 12 | 13 | light breeze |
| 13 | 13 | light breeze |
| 14 | 13 | light breeze |
| 15 | 13 | light breeze |
| 16 | 13 | light breeze |
| 17 | 13 | light breeze |
| 18 | 13 | light breeze |
| 19 | 13 | light breeze |
| 20 | 13 | light breeze |
| 21 | 13 | light breeze |
| 22 | 13 | light breeze |
| 23 | 13 | light breeze |
| 24 | 13 | light breeze |
| 25 | 13 | light breeze |
| 26 | 13 | light breeze |
| 27 | 13 | light breeze |
| 28 | 13 | light breeze |
| 29 | 13 | light breeze |
| 30 | 13 | light breeze |
| 31 | 13 | light breeze |
Sunrise & sunset in August
Daylight runs from about 11 h 06 min at the start of August to 11 h 36 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 30 minutes over August. Sunrise moves from 7:02 AM to 6:40 AM, and sunset from 6:05 PM to 6:14 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.6 | 11.6 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 7:02 | 7:01 | 7:01 | 7:00 | 7:00 | 6:59 | 6:58 | 6:58 | 6:57 | 6:57 | 6:56 | 6:55 | 6:55 | 6:54 | 6:53 | 6:53 | 6:52 | 6:51 | 6:50 | 6:50 | 6:49 | 6:48 | 6:47 | 6:46 | 6:45 | 6:45 | 6:44 | 6:43 | 6:42 | 6:41 | 6:40 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:05 | 6:05 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:07 | 6:07 | 6:07 | 6:08 | 6:08 | 6:08 | 6:09 | 6:09 | 6:09 | 6:10 | 6:10 | 6:10 | 6:11 | 6:11 | 6:11 | 6:11 | 6:12 | 6:12 | 6:12 | 6:13 | 6:13 | 6:13 | 6:13 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:14 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.1 | 7:02 | 6:05 |
| 2 | 11.1 | 7:01 | 6:05 |
| 3 | 11.1 | 7:01 | 6:06 |
| 4 | 11.1 | 7:00 | 6:06 |
| 5 | 11.1 | 7:00 | 6:07 |
| 6 | 11.1 | 6:59 | 6:07 |
| 7 | 11.1 | 6:58 | 6:07 |
| 8 | 11.2 | 6:58 | 6:08 |
| 9 | 11.2 | 6:57 | 6:08 |
| 10 | 11.2 | 6:57 | 6:08 |
| 11 | 11.2 | 6:56 | 6:09 |
| 12 | 11.2 | 6:55 | 6:09 |
| 13 | 11.2 | 6:55 | 6:09 |
| 14 | 11.3 | 6:54 | 6:10 |
| 15 | 11.3 | 6:53 | 6:10 |
| 16 | 11.3 | 6:53 | 6:10 |
| 17 | 11.3 | 6:52 | 6:11 |
| 18 | 11.3 | 6:51 | 6:11 |
| 19 | 11.3 | 6:50 | 6:11 |
| 20 | 11.4 | 6:50 | 6:11 |
| 21 | 11.4 | 6:49 | 6:12 |
| 22 | 11.4 | 6:48 | 6:12 |
| 23 | 11.4 | 6:47 | 6:12 |
| 24 | 11.4 | 6:46 | 6:13 |
| 25 | 11.5 | 6:45 | 6:13 |
| 26 | 11.5 | 6:45 | 6:13 |
| 27 | 11.5 | 6:44 | 6:13 |
| 28 | 11.5 | 6:43 | 6:14 |
| 29 | 11.5 | 6:42 | 6:14 |
| 30 | 11.6 | 6:41 | 6:14 |
| 31 | 11.6 | 6:40 | 6:14 |
Solar energy in August
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in August, about 6.42 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 5.33 kWh/m² to a high of 8.91 kWh/m² in November across the year — August's 6.42 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.0 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 2 | 6.0 | Bright |
| 3 | 6.0 | Bright |
| 4 | 6.0 | Intense |
| 5 | 6.0 | Intense |
| 6 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 7 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 8 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 9 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 10 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 11 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 12 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 13 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 14 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 15 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 16 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 17 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 18 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 19 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 20 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 21 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 22 | 6.7 | Intense |
| 23 | 6.7 | Intense |
| 24 | 6.7 | Intense |
| 25 | 6.8 | Intense |
| 26 | 6.8 | Intense |
| 27 | 6.8 | Intense |
| 28 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 29 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 30 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 31 | 7.0 | Intense |
Is August a good time to visit Uyuni?
Our two travel scores rate August for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
August is a reasonable time to visit Uyuni for sightseeing.
What to pack for Uyuni in August
From August's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In August, Uyuni sees daytime highs around 14°C and nights near -2°C. Pack sun protection. Worth having: a warm layer.
UV index in Uyuni in August
Clear-sky midday UV in August peaks around 12 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Uyuni peaks around February 9 at about 19 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near July 9 at about 8 (very high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 19 | 20 | 16 | 13 | 11 | 9 | 8 | 12 | 15 | 17 | 17 | 18 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 19 | Extreme |
| Feb | 20 | Extreme |
| Mar | 16 | Extreme |
| Apr | 13 | Extreme |
| May | 11 | Extreme |
| Jun | 9 | Very high |
| Jul | 8 | Very high |
| Aug | 12 | Extreme |
| Sep | 15 | Extreme |
| Oct | 17 | Extreme |
| Nov | 17 | Extreme |
| Dec | 18 | Extreme |
Where is Uyuni?
Uyuni sits at 20.5°S, 66.8°W, 0 m above sea level, in Bolivia. The nearest listed city is Potosí, 148 km away.
Topography around Uyuni
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Uyuni.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Uyuni has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 29 m around an average of 3,668 m above sea level; within 16 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 906 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,212 m.
The land around Uyuni is covered by bare terrain (55%) and grassland (30%) within 3 km, bare terrain (66%) and grassland (33%) within 16 km, and bare terrain (66%) and grassland (34%) within 80 km.
Bolivia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type A / B / C
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 40% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $5,148
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.8 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Homicide rate
- 4.4
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 21.1
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Lower middle
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 521
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Uyuni (-20.4597°, -66.825°, elevation 0 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).