Penalva weather in September

In September, Penalva sees average daytime highs of 33°C and overnight lows near 25°C, with 12 mm of rain across 2.5 wet days and about 12 hours of daylight. It is the 3rd-warmest and 12th-wettest month of the year here.

Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 33°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 62% of the time in September, and the air most often feels oppressive.

Daylight stretches from about 11 h 54 min at the start of September to 12 hours by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, September is Penalva's 2nd-clearest and 2nd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Penalva's year-round climate.

Daytime high
33°
3rd warmest
Overnight low
25°
9th coldest
Rainfall
12 mm
2.5 wet days
Daylight
12 hours
5:56 AM – 5:54 PM
Cloud cover
39%
2nd clearest
Wind
10 km/h
2nd windiest
Solar energy
6.02 kWh/m²
Travel score
4.4
out of 10

Penalva is town in Penalva, Maranhão, Brazil.

Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.

Temperature in September

Average highAverage lowShaded bands: 10–90% of days

Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 33°C through the month.

A typical September day in Penalva reaches about 33°C in the afternoon and slips back to 25°C overnight — a 8°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 32°C and 34°C. Set against its neighbours, September runs about 1°C warmer than August and on par with October.

20°25°30°35°151015202530
Avg high (°C)Avg low (°C)
13224
23224
33224
43224
53324
63324
73324
83324
93324
103324
113324
123324
133324
143325
153325
163325
173325
183325
193325
203325
213325
223325
233325
243325
253325
263325
273325
283325
293325
303325

How September really feels in Penalva

Once humidity and wind are folded in, September averages 30 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.

Days feeling ≥ 32°C
30
heat index over the day's high
Days feeling ≤ C
0
wind chill below the day's low

The story in September is heat — humidity pushes the afternoon "feels like" well above the raw temperature.

Penalva weather by month

How September compares with the rest of the year at a glance. September is the 3rd-warmest and 12th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.

MonthHigh / Low (°C)Rainfall (mm)Wet daysDaylight (hours)Travel score
Jan31° / 24°21224.512.22.8
Feb31° / 24°29125.512.12.6
Mar31° / 24°37929.5122.5
Apr30° / 24°40328.211.92.6
May31° / 24°22723.811.93.2
Jun31° / 24°9315.911.84.1
Jul31° / 24°551011.84.9
Aug32° / 24°16411.94.9
Sep33° / 25°122.5124.4
Oct33° / 25°193.912.14.0
Nov33° / 25°427.112.13.8
Dec32° / 25°9513.712.23.4

Cloud cover in September

ClearMostly clearPartly cloudyMostly cloudyOvercast

The sky is clear or mostly clear about 62% of the time in September.

Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 26% of September, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 13%. Skies tend to cloud over as the month goes on.

0%25%50%75%100%151015202530
Clearer (%)Cloudier (%)
19010
28911
38911
48911
58911
68812
78812
88812
98812
108812
118812
128812
138911
148812
158812
168812
178812
188713
198713
208713
218713
228713
238713
248713
258713
268515
278515
288515
298515
308416

Chance of precipitation in September

Any precipitation

Penalva gets around 12 mm of rain over 2.5 wet days in September, the driest month. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.

Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 9% and peaks near 10% on the wettest days.

0%10%20%30%151015202530
Rain chance (%)
110
210
39
49
58
68
77
87
97
107
117
127
137
148
158
168
178
188
199
209
219
2210
2310
2410
2510
2610
2710
2810
2910
3010

Humidity in September

DryComfortableHumidMuggyOppressiveMiserable

Most of September feels oppressive — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.

By dew point, September lands in the oppressive band about 91% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 100% of them.

0%25%50%75%100%151015202530
Muggy (%)Oppressive (%)Miserable (%)
118316
218415
318514
418613
518712
618811
728711
828810
928810
102899
112899
121918
131918
141918
151927
161927
171927
181927
191936
201936
211936
221945
231945
241945
251954
261954
271954
281954
291954
301963

Wind in September

Winds average 10 km/h in September.

Across September, daily wind ranges from about 10 km/h on the calmest days to 11 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.

051015151015202530
Wind speed (km/h)Feels
110calm
210calm
310calm
410calm
510calm
610calm
710calm
810calm
910calm
1010calm
1110calm
1210calm
1310calm
1410calm
1510calm
1610calm
1710calm
1811calm
1911calm
2011calm
2111calm
2211calm
2311calm
2411calm
2511calm
2611calm
2711calm
2811calm
2911calm
3011calm

Sunrise & sunset in September

DaylightNight

Daylight runs from about 11 h 54 min at the start of September to 12 hours by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.

Days grow by about 6 minutes over September. Sunrise moves from 6:02 AM to 5:49 AM, and sunset from 5:59 PM to 5:51 PM.

12 AM4 AM8 AM12 PM4 PM8 PM12 AM151015202530
Daylight (h)Sunrise (AM)Sunset (PM)
111.96:025:59
211.96:025:58
311.96:015:58
411.96:015:58
511.96:015:57
612.06:005:57
712.06:005:57
812.05:595:57
912.05:595:56
1012.05:585:56
1112.05:585:56
1212.05:575:56
1312.05:575:55
1412.05:565:55
1512.05:565:55
1612.05:565:54
1712.05:555:54
1812.05:555:54
1912.05:545:54
2012.05:545:53
2112.05:535:53
2212.05:535:53
2312.05:525:53
2412.05:525:52
2512.05:515:52
2612.05:515:52
2712.05:515:52
2812.05:505:51
2912.05:505:51
3012.05:495:51

Solar energy in September

Daily solar energy (kWh/m²)

Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in September, about 6.02 kWh/m².

For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.22 kWh/m² to a high of 6.13 kWh/m² in October across the year — September's 6.02 kWh/m² sits near the top of that range.

0246151015202530
Solar energy (kWh/m²)Level
15.8Bright
25.9Bright
35.9Bright
45.9Bright
55.9Bright
65.9Bright
75.9Bright
85.9Bright
96.0Bright
106.0Bright
116.0Bright
126.0Bright
136.0Intense
146.0Intense
156.0Intense
166.0Intense
176.0Intense
186.0Intense
196.0Intense
206.1Intense
216.1Intense
226.1Intense
236.1Intense
246.1Intense
256.1Intense
266.1Intense
276.1Intense
286.1Intense
296.1Intense
306.2Intense
Planning a trip in September

Hazard calendar for Penalva

In seasonPeak

None of Penalva's seasonal hazards are active in September. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.

Penalva's monsoon runs January–May, when most of the year's rain falls.

Monsoon
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Is September a good time to visit Penalva?

Our two travel scores rate September for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).

4.4
Sightseeing
3rd-best month of the year
7.6
Beach & pool
2nd-best month of the year

September is a reasonable time to visit Penalva for sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.

What to pack for Penalva in September

From September's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.

In September, Penalva sees daytime highs around 33°C and nights near 25°C. Pack light clothes and sun protection.

light clothessun protection

UV index in Penalva in September

LowModerateHighVery highExtreme

Clear-sky midday UV in September peaks around 12 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.

Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Penalva peaks around March 17 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near July 15 at about 10 (extreme).

The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.

025710JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecExtremeMar 17UV 15Jul 15UV 10
UV index (midday)Level
Jan13Extreme
Feb14Extreme
Mar15Extreme
Apr14Extreme
May11Extreme
Jun10Extreme
Jul10Very high
Aug10Extreme
Sep12Extreme
Oct12Extreme
Nov10Extreme
Dec11Extreme

Air quality in Penalva in September

GoodModeratePoorUnhealthyVery unhealthy

Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where September falls, not just the annual average.

Air quality in Penalva is worst in November — around 18 µg/m³ PM2.5 (moderate), about 2.1× the cleanest month (June, 9 µg/m³).

Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).

01020JanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecModerateGoodModerateNov 1918 µg/m³Jun 199 µg/m³
PM2.5 (µg/m³)Level
Jan15Moderate
Feb17Moderate
Mar16Moderate
Apr14Moderate
May10Good
Jun9Good
Jul9Good
Aug10Good
Sep9Good
Oct13Moderate
Nov18Moderate
Dec16Moderate
Location & terrain

Where is Penalva?

Penalva sits at 3.3°S, 45.2°W, 17 m above sea level, in Brazil. The nearest listed city is Cajari, 18 km away.

Topography around Penalva

How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Penalva.

Within 3 km, the terrain around Penalva has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 26 m around an average of 8 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 71 m; within 80 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 169 m.

The land around Penalva is covered by water (32%) and grassland (30%) within 3 km, trees (39%), grassland (30%) and wetland (20%) within 16 km, and grassland (49%) and trees (37%) within 80 km.

3 km
26 m
16 km
71 m
80 km
169 m
treesgrasslandcroplandartificial surfaceswaterwetlandmangroves
September weather nearby: Cajari 18 km · Viana 21 km · Monção 24 km · Matinha 27 km · Vitória do Mearim 38 km · Pindaré-Mirim 40 km · Pedro do Rosário 41 km · Arari 47 km

Brazil travel facts

Travel advisory
Level 2
Exercise Increased Caution
Power plugs
Type C / N
127 / 220 V · 60 Hz
Prices
≈ 46% of US
price level, 2025
GDP per capita
$10,713
2025
Happiness
6.6 / 10
World Happiness, 2025
Safe drinking water
89%
of population, 2024
Homicide rate
19.3
per 100k, 2023
Road deaths
16
per 100k/yr, 2019
Income group
Upper middle
World Bank
English
Low
EF EPI 482
Religion
Roman Catholic 57%Evangelical 27%none 9%other 4%

Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.

Data sources

Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Penalva (-3.2942°, -45.1736°, elevation 17 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).