Paine weather in February
In February, Paine sees average daytime highs of 28°C and overnight lows near 15°C, with 4 mm of rain across 1 wet days and about 13.3 hours of daylight. It is the 2nd-warmest and 11th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 28°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 89% of the time in February, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 13 h 42 min at the start of February to 12 h 48 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Paine's 1st-clearest and 3rd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Paine's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 28°
- 2nd warmest
- Overnight low
- 15°
- 11th coldest
- Rainfall
- 4 mm
- 1 wet days
- Daylight
- 13 h 18 min
- 7:20 AM – 8:35 PM
- Cloud cover
- 13%
- 1st clearest
- Wind
- 6 km/h
- 3rd windiest
- Solar energy
- 7.88 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 8.3
- out of 10
Paine is settlement in Chile.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in February
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 28°C through the month.
A typical February day in Paine reaches about 28°C in the afternoon and slips back to 15°C overnight — a 13°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 25°C and 31°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs on par with January and about 2°C warmer than March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 27 |
| Avg low (°C) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 28 | 15 |
| 2 | 28 | 15 |
| 3 | 28 | 15 |
| 4 | 28 | 15 |
| 5 | 28 | 15 |
| 6 | 28 | 15 |
| 7 | 28 | 15 |
| 8 | 28 | 15 |
| 9 | 28 | 15 |
| 10 | 28 | 15 |
| 11 | 28 | 15 |
| 12 | 28 | 15 |
| 13 | 28 | 15 |
| 14 | 28 | 15 |
| 15 | 28 | 15 |
| 16 | 28 | 15 |
| 17 | 28 | 15 |
| 18 | 28 | 15 |
| 19 | 28 | 15 |
| 20 | 28 | 15 |
| 21 | 28 | 15 |
| 22 | 28 | 15 |
| 23 | 28 | 15 |
| 24 | 28 | 14 |
| 25 | 28 | 14 |
| 26 | 28 | 14 |
| 27 | 28 | 14 |
| 28 | 27 | 14 |
Paine weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 2nd-warmest and 11th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 29° / 15° | 3 | 0.9 | 14 | 7.7 |
| Feb | 28° / 15° | 4 | 1 | 13.3 | 8.3 |
| Mar | 26° / 13° | 7 | 1.1 | 12.3 | 8.9 |
| Apr | 22° / 9° | 29 | 3.1 | 11.2 | 8.2 |
| May | 18° / 6° | 70 | 6 | 10.3 | 6.5 |
| Jun | 15° / 3° | 126 | 7.8 | 9.8 | 4.8 |
| Jul | 15° / 3° | 94 | 7.2 | 10 | 4.7 |
| Aug | 16° / 4° | 83 | 7.4 | 10.7 | 5.5 |
| Sep | 18° / 6° | 57 | 7.2 | 11.8 | 6.4 |
| Oct | 21° / 8° | 38 | 5.2 | 12.9 | 7.4 |
| Nov | 24° / 11° | 15 | 2.8 | 13.8 | 8.7 |
| Dec | 27° / 13° | 7 | 1.2 | 14.2 | 8.6 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 89% of the time in February, the clearest month of the year.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 6% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 5%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 95 | 95 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 94 |
| Cloudier (%) | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 95 | 5 |
| 2 | 95 | 5 |
| 3 | 96 | 4 |
| 4 | 96 | 4 |
| 5 | 96 | 4 |
| 6 | 96 | 4 |
| 7 | 96 | 4 |
| 8 | 96 | 4 |
| 9 | 96 | 4 |
| 10 | 96 | 4 |
| 11 | 96 | 4 |
| 12 | 95 | 5 |
| 13 | 95 | 5 |
| 14 | 95 | 5 |
| 15 | 95 | 5 |
| 16 | 95 | 5 |
| 17 | 95 | 5 |
| 18 | 95 | 5 |
| 19 | 95 | 5 |
| 20 | 95 | 5 |
| 21 | 95 | 5 |
| 22 | 95 | 5 |
| 23 | 95 | 5 |
| 24 | 95 | 5 |
| 25 | 95 | 5 |
| 26 | 95 | 5 |
| 27 | 95 | 5 |
| 28 | 94 | 6 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Paine gets around 4 mm of rain over 1 wet days in February. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 4% and peaks near 4% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 3 |
| 2 | 3 |
| 3 | 3 |
| 4 | 3 |
| 5 | 3 |
| 6 | 3 |
| 7 | 3 |
| 8 | 3 |
| 9 | 3 |
| 10 | 3 |
| 11 | 3 |
| 12 | 4 |
| 13 | 4 |
| 14 | 4 |
| 15 | 4 |
| 16 | 4 |
| 17 | 4 |
| 18 | 4 |
| 19 | 4 |
| 20 | 4 |
| 21 | 4 |
| 22 | 4 |
| 23 | 4 |
| 24 | 4 |
| 25 | 4 |
| 26 | 4 |
| 27 | 4 |
| 28 | 4 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the dry band about 76% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 77 | 77 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 77 | 78 | 77 | 77 | 75 | 75 | 74 | 74 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 78 |
| Comfortable (%) | 21 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 |
| Humid (%) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 77 | 21 | 2 |
| 2 | 77 | 21 | 2 |
| 3 | 78 | 20 | 2 |
| 4 | 78 | 20 | 2 |
| 5 | 78 | 20 | 2 |
| 6 | 78 | 20 | 2 |
| 7 | 78 | 20 | 2 |
| 8 | 77 | 21 | 2 |
| 9 | 78 | 21 | 1 |
| 10 | 77 | 22 | 1 |
| 11 | 77 | 22 | 1 |
| 12 | 75 | 23 | 2 |
| 13 | 75 | 23 | 2 |
| 14 | 74 | 24 | 2 |
| 15 | 74 | 24 | 2 |
| 16 | 73 | 25 | 2 |
| 17 | 73 | 25 | 2 |
| 18 | 73 | 25 | 2 |
| 19 | 73 | 25 | 2 |
| 20 | 73 | 25 | 2 |
| 21 | 73 | 25 | 2 |
| 22 | 73 | 25 | 2 |
| 23 | 74 | 24 | 2 |
| 24 | 75 | 23 | 2 |
| 25 | 75 | 23 | 2 |
| 26 | 76 | 22 | 2 |
| 27 | 77 | 21 | 2 |
| 28 | 78 | 20 | 2 |
Wind in February
Winds average 6 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 6 km/h on the calmest days to 6 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6 | calm |
| 2 | 6 | calm |
| 3 | 6 | calm |
| 4 | 6 | calm |
| 5 | 6 | calm |
| 6 | 6 | calm |
| 7 | 6 | calm |
| 8 | 6 | calm |
| 9 | 6 | calm |
| 10 | 6 | calm |
| 11 | 6 | calm |
| 12 | 6 | calm |
| 13 | 6 | calm |
| 14 | 6 | calm |
| 15 | 6 | calm |
| 16 | 6 | calm |
| 17 | 6 | calm |
| 18 | 6 | calm |
| 19 | 6 | calm |
| 20 | 6 | calm |
| 21 | 6 | calm |
| 22 | 6 | calm |
| 23 | 6 | calm |
| 24 | 6 | calm |
| 25 | 6 | calm |
| 26 | 6 | calm |
| 27 | 6 | calm |
| 28 | 6 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 13 h 42 min at the start of February to 12 h 48 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 54 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 7:07 AM to 7:32 AM, and sunset from 8:46 PM to 8:21 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 13.7 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 12.8 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 7:07 | 7:08 | 7:09 | 7:10 | 7:11 | 7:11 | 7:12 | 7:13 | 7:14 | 7:15 | 7:16 | 7:17 | 7:18 | 7:19 | 7:20 | 7:21 | 7:22 | 7:23 | 7:24 | 7:25 | 7:25 | 7:26 | 7:27 | 7:28 | 7:29 | 7:30 | 7:31 | 7:32 |
| Sunset (PM) | 8:46 | 8:46 | 8:45 | 8:44 | 8:44 | 8:43 | 8:42 | 8:41 | 8:40 | 8:40 | 8:39 | 8:38 | 8:37 | 8:36 | 8:35 | 8:34 | 8:33 | 8:32 | 8:31 | 8:30 | 8:29 | 8:28 | 8:27 | 8:26 | 8:25 | 8:23 | 8:22 | 8:21 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13.7 | 7:07 | 8:46 |
| 2 | 13.6 | 7:08 | 8:46 |
| 3 | 13.6 | 7:09 | 8:45 |
| 4 | 13.6 | 7:10 | 8:44 |
| 5 | 13.6 | 7:11 | 8:44 |
| 6 | 13.5 | 7:11 | 8:43 |
| 7 | 13.5 | 7:12 | 8:42 |
| 8 | 13.5 | 7:13 | 8:41 |
| 9 | 13.4 | 7:14 | 8:40 |
| 10 | 13.4 | 7:15 | 8:40 |
| 11 | 13.4 | 7:16 | 8:39 |
| 12 | 13.3 | 7:17 | 8:38 |
| 13 | 13.3 | 7:18 | 8:37 |
| 14 | 13.3 | 7:19 | 8:36 |
| 15 | 13.3 | 7:20 | 8:35 |
| 16 | 13.2 | 7:21 | 8:34 |
| 17 | 13.2 | 7:22 | 8:33 |
| 18 | 13.2 | 7:23 | 8:32 |
| 19 | 13.1 | 7:24 | 8:31 |
| 20 | 13.1 | 7:25 | 8:30 |
| 21 | 13.1 | 7:25 | 8:29 |
| 22 | 13.0 | 7:26 | 8:28 |
| 23 | 13.0 | 7:27 | 8:27 |
| 24 | 13.0 | 7:28 | 8:26 |
| 25 | 12.9 | 7:29 | 8:25 |
| 26 | 12.9 | 7:30 | 8:23 |
| 27 | 12.9 | 7:31 | 8:22 |
| 28 | 12.8 | 7:32 | 8:21 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 7.88 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 2.35 kWh/m² to a high of 8.83 kWh/m² in December across the year — February's 7.88 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.3 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 7.3 |
| Level | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8.4 | Intense |
| 2 | 8.4 | Intense |
| 3 | 8.4 | Intense |
| 4 | 8.3 | Intense |
| 5 | 8.3 | Intense |
| 6 | 8.3 | Intense |
| 7 | 8.2 | Intense |
| 8 | 8.2 | Intense |
| 9 | 8.1 | Intense |
| 10 | 8.1 | Intense |
| 11 | 8.0 | Intense |
| 12 | 8.0 | Intense |
| 13 | 8.0 | Intense |
| 14 | 7.9 | Intense |
| 15 | 7.9 | Intense |
| 16 | 7.8 | Intense |
| 17 | 7.8 | Intense |
| 18 | 7.7 | Intense |
| 19 | 7.7 | Intense |
| 20 | 7.6 | Intense |
| 21 | 7.6 | Intense |
| 22 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 23 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 24 | 7.5 | Intense |
| 25 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 26 | 7.4 | Intense |
| 27 | 7.3 | Intense |
| 28 | 7.3 | Intense |
Hazard calendar for Paine
None of Paine's seasonal hazards are active in February. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.
Paine's rainy season runs May–September, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is February a good time to visit Paine?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is one of the better times to visit Paine for general sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.
What to pack for Paine in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Paine sees daytime highs around 28°C and nights near 15°C. Pack light clothes and sun protection.
UV index in Paine in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 12 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Paine peaks around January 16 at about 13 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near May 24 at about 3 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 10 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 13 | 12 | 10 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 12 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | High | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | High | Very high | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13 | Extreme |
| Feb | 12 | Extreme |
| Mar | 10 | Very high |
| Apr | 5 | High |
| May | 3 | Moderate |
| Jun | 3 | Moderate |
| Jul | 3 | Moderate |
| Aug | 3 | Moderate |
| Sep | 6 | High |
| Oct | 9 | Very high |
| Nov | 11 | Extreme |
| Dec | 12 | Extreme |
Air quality in Paine in February
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where February falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Paine is worst in July — around 108 µg/m³ PM2.5 (unhealthy), about 3.9× the cleanest month (December, 28 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 30 | 31 | 41 | 56 | 80 | 96 | 108 | 95 | 78 | 55 | 35 | 28 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Poor | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Poor | Poor | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 30 | Moderate |
| Feb | 31 | Moderate |
| Mar | 41 | Poor |
| Apr | 56 | Unhealthy |
| May | 80 | Unhealthy |
| Jun | 96 | Unhealthy |
| Jul | 108 | Unhealthy |
| Aug | 95 | Unhealthy |
| Sep | 78 | Unhealthy |
| Oct | 55 | Poor |
| Nov | 35 | Poor |
| Dec | 28 | Moderate |
Where is Paine?
Paine sits at 33.8°S, 70.7°W, 407 m above sea level, in Chile. The nearest listed city is Buin, 8.0 km away.
Topography around Paine
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Paine.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Paine has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 61 m around an average of 399 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,400 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 6,085 m.
The land around Paine is covered by cropland (36%) and artificial surfaces (22%) within 3 km, shrubs (31%) and cropland (29%) within 16 km, and shrubs (24%), grassland (22%) and bare terrain (21%) within 80 km.
Chile travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / F / L
- 220 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 48% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $17,995
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.3 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 98%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 6.3
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 14.9
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 517
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Paine (-33.808°, -70.7411°, elevation 407 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).