Vallenar weather in May
In May, Vallenar sees average daytime highs of 21°C and overnight lows near 9°C, with 8 mm of rain across 1 wet days and about 10.6 hours of daylight. It is the 9th-warmest and 4th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs ease over the month, from about 22°C in the first days to 20°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 66% of the time in May, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 10 h 54 min at the start of May to 10 h 18 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, May is Vallenar's 11th-clearest and 12th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Vallenar's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 21°
- 9th warmest
- Overnight low
- 9°
- 4th coldest
- Rainfall
- 8 mm
- 1 wet days
- Daylight
- 10 h 36 min
- 8:22 AM – 6:57 PM
- Cloud cover
- 32%
- 11th clearest
- Wind
- 5 km/h
- 12th windiest
- Solar energy
- 4.23 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 8.3
- out of 10
Vallenar is city in Chile.
- Density
- 3,560/km²
- people per km²
- Founded
- 1789
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in May
Highs ease over the month, from about 22°C in the first days to 20°C by the end.
A typical May day in Vallenar reaches about 21°C in the afternoon and slips back to 9°C overnight — a 12°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 18°C and 23°C. Set against its neighbours, May runs about 2°C cooler than April and about 2°C warmer than June.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
| Avg low (°C) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 22 | 10 |
| 2 | 22 | 10 |
| 3 | 22 | 10 |
| 4 | 22 | 10 |
| 5 | 22 | 10 |
| 6 | 22 | 10 |
| 7 | 21 | 10 |
| 8 | 21 | 10 |
| 9 | 21 | 9 |
| 10 | 21 | 9 |
| 11 | 21 | 9 |
| 12 | 21 | 9 |
| 13 | 21 | 9 |
| 14 | 21 | 9 |
| 15 | 21 | 9 |
| 16 | 21 | 9 |
| 17 | 21 | 9 |
| 18 | 21 | 9 |
| 19 | 20 | 9 |
| 20 | 20 | 8 |
| 21 | 20 | 8 |
| 22 | 20 | 8 |
| 23 | 20 | 8 |
| 24 | 20 | 8 |
| 25 | 20 | 8 |
| 26 | 20 | 8 |
| 27 | 20 | 8 |
| 28 | 20 | 8 |
| 29 | 20 | 8 |
| 30 | 20 | 7 |
| 31 | 20 | 7 |
Vallenar weather by month
How May compares with the rest of the year at a glance. May is the 9th-warmest and 4th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 26° / 16° | 0 | 0 | 13.6 | 9.2 |
| Feb | 26° / 15° | 0 | 0 | 13 | 9.3 |
| Mar | 25° / 14° | 4 | 0.2 | 12.2 | 9.5 |
| Apr | 23° / 12° | 2 | 0.4 | 11.3 | 9.3 |
| May | 21° / 9° | 8 | 1 | 10.6 | 8.3 |
| Jun | 19° / 7° | 13 | 1.4 | 10.2 | 7.9 |
| Jul | 19° / 6° | 9 | 1.4 | 10.4 | 8.0 |
| Aug | 20° / 7° | 9 | 0.8 | 11 | 8.3 |
| Sep | 21° / 9° | 1 | 0.4 | 11.8 | 8.8 |
| Oct | 23° / 11° | 1 | 0.2 | 12.7 | 9.2 |
| Nov | 24° / 13° | 0 | 0 | 13.4 | 9.7 |
| Dec | 25° / 14° | 0 | 0 | 13.8 | 9.5 |
Cloud cover in May
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 66% of the time in May.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 11% of May, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 23%. Skies tend to cloud over as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 83 | 83 | 82 | 82 | 82 | 81 | 81 | 81 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 79 | 79 | 78 | 78 | 77 | 77 | 76 | 76 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 72 | 72 | 72 | 72 | 72 |
| Cloudier (%) | 17 | 17 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 | 28 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 83 | 17 |
| 2 | 83 | 17 |
| 3 | 82 | 18 |
| 4 | 82 | 18 |
| 5 | 82 | 18 |
| 6 | 81 | 19 |
| 7 | 81 | 19 |
| 8 | 81 | 19 |
| 9 | 80 | 20 |
| 10 | 80 | 20 |
| 11 | 80 | 20 |
| 12 | 80 | 20 |
| 13 | 79 | 21 |
| 14 | 79 | 21 |
| 15 | 78 | 22 |
| 16 | 78 | 22 |
| 17 | 77 | 23 |
| 18 | 77 | 23 |
| 19 | 76 | 24 |
| 20 | 76 | 24 |
| 21 | 74 | 26 |
| 22 | 74 | 26 |
| 23 | 74 | 26 |
| 24 | 73 | 27 |
| 25 | 73 | 27 |
| 26 | 73 | 27 |
| 27 | 72 | 28 |
| 28 | 72 | 28 |
| 29 | 72 | 28 |
| 30 | 72 | 28 |
| 31 | 72 | 28 |
Chance of precipitation in May
Vallenar gets around 8 mm of rain over 1 wet days in May. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 3% and peaks near 5% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 2 |
| 3 | 2 |
| 4 | 2 |
| 5 | 2 |
| 6 | 2 |
| 7 | 2 |
| 8 | 2 |
| 9 | 2 |
| 10 | 3 |
| 11 | 3 |
| 12 | 3 |
| 13 | 3 |
| 14 | 3 |
| 15 | 3 |
| 16 | 3 |
| 17 | 3 |
| 18 | 3 |
| 19 | 4 |
| 20 | 4 |
| 21 | 4 |
| 22 | 4 |
| 23 | 4 |
| 24 | 4 |
| 25 | 4 |
| 26 | 4 |
| 27 | 4 |
| 28 | 5 |
| 29 | 5 |
| 30 | 5 |
| 31 | 5 |
Humidity in May
Most of May feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, May lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
| 31 | 100 |
Wind in May
Winds average 5 km/h in May, the calmest month.
Across May, daily wind ranges from about 5 km/h on the calmest days to 6 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6 | calm |
| 2 | 6 | calm |
| 3 | 6 | calm |
| 4 | 5 | calm |
| 5 | 5 | calm |
| 6 | 5 | calm |
| 7 | 5 | calm |
| 8 | 5 | calm |
| 9 | 5 | calm |
| 10 | 5 | calm |
| 11 | 5 | calm |
| 12 | 5 | calm |
| 13 | 5 | calm |
| 14 | 5 | calm |
| 15 | 5 | calm |
| 16 | 5 | calm |
| 17 | 5 | calm |
| 18 | 5 | calm |
| 19 | 5 | calm |
| 20 | 5 | calm |
| 21 | 5 | calm |
| 22 | 5 | calm |
| 23 | 5 | calm |
| 24 | 5 | calm |
| 25 | 5 | calm |
| 26 | 5 | calm |
| 27 | 5 | calm |
| 28 | 5 | calm |
| 29 | 5 | calm |
| 30 | 5 | calm |
| 31 | 5 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in May
Daylight runs from about 10 h 54 min at the start of May to 10 h 18 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 36 minutes over May. Sunrise moves from 8:13 AM to 8:31 AM, and sunset from 7:08 PM to 6:50 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.8 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.5 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 10.3 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 8:13 | 8:13 | 8:14 | 8:14 | 8:15 | 8:16 | 8:16 | 8:17 | 8:18 | 8:18 | 8:19 | 8:19 | 8:20 | 8:21 | 8:21 | 8:22 | 8:22 | 8:23 | 8:24 | 8:24 | 8:25 | 8:25 | 8:26 | 8:27 | 8:27 | 8:28 | 8:28 | 8:29 | 8:29 | 8:30 | 8:31 |
| Sunset (PM) | 7:08 | 7:07 | 7:06 | 7:05 | 7:04 | 7:04 | 7:03 | 7:02 | 7:01 | 7:01 | 7:00 | 6:59 | 6:59 | 6:58 | 6:57 | 6:57 | 6:56 | 6:56 | 6:55 | 6:55 | 6:54 | 6:54 | 6:53 | 6:53 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:51 | 6:51 | 6:51 | 6:50 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10.9 | 8:13 | 7:08 |
| 2 | 10.9 | 8:13 | 7:07 |
| 3 | 10.9 | 8:14 | 7:06 |
| 4 | 10.8 | 8:14 | 7:05 |
| 5 | 10.8 | 8:15 | 7:04 |
| 6 | 10.8 | 8:16 | 7:04 |
| 7 | 10.8 | 8:16 | 7:03 |
| 8 | 10.8 | 8:17 | 7:02 |
| 9 | 10.7 | 8:18 | 7:01 |
| 10 | 10.7 | 8:18 | 7:01 |
| 11 | 10.7 | 8:19 | 7:00 |
| 12 | 10.7 | 8:19 | 6:59 |
| 13 | 10.6 | 8:20 | 6:59 |
| 14 | 10.6 | 8:21 | 6:58 |
| 15 | 10.6 | 8:21 | 6:57 |
| 16 | 10.6 | 8:22 | 6:57 |
| 17 | 10.6 | 8:22 | 6:56 |
| 18 | 10.5 | 8:23 | 6:56 |
| 19 | 10.5 | 8:24 | 6:55 |
| 20 | 10.5 | 8:24 | 6:55 |
| 21 | 10.5 | 8:25 | 6:54 |
| 22 | 10.5 | 8:25 | 6:54 |
| 23 | 10.5 | 8:26 | 6:53 |
| 24 | 10.4 | 8:27 | 6:53 |
| 25 | 10.4 | 8:27 | 6:52 |
| 26 | 10.4 | 8:28 | 6:52 |
| 27 | 10.4 | 8:28 | 6:52 |
| 28 | 10.4 | 8:29 | 6:51 |
| 29 | 10.4 | 8:29 | 6:51 |
| 30 | 10.3 | 8:30 | 6:51 |
| 31 | 10.3 | 8:31 | 6:50 |
Solar energy in May
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in May, about 4.23 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 3.7 kWh/m² to a high of 9.24 kWh/m² in December across the year — May's 4.23 kWh/m² sits near the bottom.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 2 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 3 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 4 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 5 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 6 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 7 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 8 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 9 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 10 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 11 | 4.4 | Bright |
| 12 | 4.4 | Bright |
| 13 | 4.3 | Bright |
| 14 | 4.3 | Bright |
| 15 | 4.3 | Bright |
| 16 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 17 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 18 | 4.2 | Bright |
| 19 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 20 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 21 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 22 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 23 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 24 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 25 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 26 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 27 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 28 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 29 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 30 | 3.8 | Moderate |
| 31 | 3.8 | Moderate |
Is May a good time to visit Vallenar?
Our two travel scores rate May for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
May is one of the better times to visit Vallenar for general sightseeing.
What to pack for Vallenar in May
From May's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In May, Vallenar sees daytime highs around 21°C and nights near 9°C. Little to plan around — just the basics.
Sea temperature near Vallenar in May
The nearest coast averages about 16°C in May — the other half of the beach question. The full-year curve and swim-comfort zones are below.
The sea at the nearest coast (about 60 km away) is warmest in February at about 18°C and coldest in August near 14°C.
The water stays below 20°C all year — cool enough that most swimmers want a wetsuit.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sea temperature (°C) | 18 | 18 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| Comfort | Cool | Cool | Cool | Cool | Cool | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Cool |
| Sea temperature (°C) | Comfort | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 18 | Cool |
| Feb | 18 | Cool |
| Mar | 18 | Cool |
| Apr | 17 | Cool |
| May | 16 | Cool |
| Jun | 15 | Bracing |
| Jul | 14 | Bracing |
| Aug | 14 | Bracing |
| Sep | 14 | Bracing |
| Oct | 14 | Bracing |
| Nov | 15 | Bracing |
| Dec | 16 | Cool |
UV index in Vallenar in May
Clear-sky midday UV in May peaks around 5 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Vallenar peaks around January 22 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 19 at about 4 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 15 | 15 | 12 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 12 | 12 | 13 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | High | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | High | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15 | Extreme |
| Feb | 15 | Extreme |
| Mar | 12 | Extreme |
| Apr | 7 | High |
| May | 5 | Moderate |
| Jun | 4 | Moderate |
| Jul | 4 | Moderate |
| Aug | 6 | High |
| Sep | 8 | Very high |
| Oct | 12 | Extreme |
| Nov | 12 | Extreme |
| Dec | 13 | Extreme |
Where is Vallenar?
Vallenar sits at 28.6°S, 70.8°W, 388 m above sea level, in Chile. The nearest listed city is Copiapó, 141 km away.
Topography around Vallenar
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Vallenar.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Vallenar has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 210 m around an average of 468 m above sea level; within 16 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,150 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 4,526 m.
The land around Vallenar is covered by bare terrain (55%) and artificial surfaces (23%) within 3 km, bare terrain (84%) within 16 km, and bare terrain (69%) within 80 km.
Chile travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type C / F / L
- 220 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 48% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $17,995
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.3 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 98%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 6.3
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 14.9
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 517
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Vallenar (-28.5762°, -70.7594°, elevation 388 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).