Andalucía weather in September
In September, Andalucía sees average daytime highs of 24°C and overnight lows near 16°C, with 383 mm of rain across 28.6 wet days and about 12 hours of daylight. It is the 10th-warmest and 7th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 24°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 0% of the time in September, and the air most often feels humid.
Daylight stretches from about 12 h 06 min at the start of September to 12 hours by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, September is Andalucía's 7th-clearest and 2nd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Andalucía's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 24°
- 10th warmest
- Overnight low
- 16°
- 2nd coldest
- Rainfall
- 383 mm
- 28.6 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 hours
- 5:58 AM – 6:00 PM
- Cloud cover
- 93%
- 7th clearest
- Wind
- 5 km/h
- 2nd windiest
- Solar energy
- 4 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 3.6
- out of 10
Andalucía is settlement in Valle del Cauca, Colombia.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in September
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 24°C through the month.
A typical September day in Andalucía reaches about 24°C in the afternoon and slips back to 16°C overnight — a 8°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 22°C and 26°C. Set against its neighbours, September runs on par with August and on par with October.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Avg low (°C) | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 24 | 16 |
| 2 | 24 | 16 |
| 3 | 24 | 16 |
| 4 | 24 | 16 |
| 5 | 24 | 16 |
| 6 | 24 | 16 |
| 7 | 24 | 16 |
| 8 | 24 | 16 |
| 9 | 24 | 16 |
| 10 | 24 | 16 |
| 11 | 24 | 16 |
| 12 | 24 | 16 |
| 13 | 24 | 16 |
| 14 | 24 | 16 |
| 15 | 24 | 16 |
| 16 | 24 | 16 |
| 17 | 24 | 16 |
| 18 | 24 | 16 |
| 19 | 24 | 16 |
| 20 | 24 | 16 |
| 21 | 24 | 16 |
| 22 | 24 | 16 |
| 23 | 24 | 16 |
| 24 | 24 | 16 |
| 25 | 24 | 16 |
| 26 | 24 | 16 |
| 27 | 24 | 16 |
| 28 | 24 | 16 |
| 29 | 24 | 16 |
| 30 | 24 | 17 |
Andalucía weather by month
How September compares with the rest of the year at a glance. September is the 10th-warmest and 7th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 24° / 17° | 326 | 29.8 | 11.8 | 3.7 |
| Feb | 25° / 17° | 320 | 26.4 | 11.9 | 3.7 |
| Mar | 25° / 17° | 351 | 29.4 | 12 | 3.7 |
| Apr | 24° / 17° | 472 | 28.9 | 12.1 | 3.6 |
| May | 24° / 17° | 549 | 30.3 | 12.2 | 3.5 |
| Jun | 24° / 17° | 477 | 29.6 | 12.2 | 3.5 |
| Jul | 24° / 16° | 428 | 30 | 12.2 | 3.6 |
| Aug | 24° / 16° | 358 | 30.1 | 12.1 | 3.6 |
| Sep | 24° / 16° | 383 | 28.6 | 12 | 3.6 |
| Oct | 24° / 17° | 443 | 29.9 | 11.9 | 3.6 |
| Nov | 24° / 17° | 454 | 28.5 | 11.8 | 3.7 |
| Dec | 24° / 17° | 383 | 29.6 | 11.8 | 3.7 |
Cloud cover in September
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 0% of the time in September.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 1% of September, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 99%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Cloudier (%) | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 99 |
| 2 | 1 | 99 |
| 3 | 1 | 99 |
| 4 | 1 | 99 |
| 5 | 1 | 99 |
| 6 | 1 | 99 |
| 7 | 1 | 99 |
| 8 | 1 | 99 |
| 9 | 1 | 99 |
| 10 | 1 | 99 |
| 11 | 1 | 99 |
| 12 | 1 | 99 |
| 13 | 1 | 99 |
| 14 | 1 | 99 |
| 15 | 1 | 99 |
| 16 | 1 | 99 |
| 17 | 1 | 99 |
| 18 | 1 | 99 |
| 19 | 1 | 99 |
| 20 | 1 | 99 |
| 21 | 1 | 99 |
| 22 | 1 | 99 |
| 23 | 1 | 99 |
| 24 | 1 | 99 |
| 25 | 1 | 99 |
| 26 | 1 | 99 |
| 27 | 1 | 99 |
| 28 | 1 | 99 |
| 29 | 1 | 99 |
| 30 | 1 | 99 |
Chance of precipitation in September
Andalucía gets around 383 mm of rain over 28.6 wet days in September. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 96% and peaks near 97% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 97 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 97 |
| 2 | 96 |
| 3 | 96 |
| 4 | 96 |
| 5 | 96 |
| 6 | 96 |
| 7 | 95 |
| 8 | 95 |
| 9 | 95 |
| 10 | 95 |
| 11 | 95 |
| 12 | 95 |
| 13 | 95 |
| 14 | 95 |
| 15 | 95 |
| 16 | 95 |
| 17 | 95 |
| 18 | 95 |
| 19 | 95 |
| 20 | 95 |
| 21 | 95 |
| 22 | 96 |
| 23 | 96 |
| 24 | 96 |
| 25 | 96 |
| 26 | 96 |
| 27 | 96 |
| 28 | 96 |
| 29 | 96 |
| 30 | 96 |
Humidity in September
Most of September feels humid — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, September lands in the humid band about 70% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 30% of them.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Humid (%) | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 70 | 69 | 69 | 69 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 67 |
| Muggy (%) | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 33 |
| Humid (%) | Muggy (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 71 | 29 |
| 2 | 71 | 29 |
| 3 | 71 | 29 |
| 4 | 71 | 29 |
| 5 | 71 | 29 |
| 6 | 71 | 29 |
| 7 | 71 | 29 |
| 8 | 71 | 29 |
| 9 | 71 | 29 |
| 10 | 71 | 29 |
| 11 | 71 | 29 |
| 12 | 71 | 29 |
| 13 | 71 | 29 |
| 14 | 71 | 29 |
| 15 | 71 | 29 |
| 16 | 71 | 29 |
| 17 | 70 | 30 |
| 18 | 70 | 30 |
| 19 | 70 | 30 |
| 20 | 70 | 30 |
| 21 | 70 | 30 |
| 22 | 70 | 30 |
| 23 | 69 | 31 |
| 24 | 69 | 31 |
| 25 | 69 | 31 |
| 26 | 68 | 32 |
| 27 | 68 | 32 |
| 28 | 68 | 32 |
| 29 | 68 | 32 |
| 30 | 67 | 33 |
Wind in September
Winds average 5 km/h in September.
Across September, daily wind ranges from about 4 km/h on the calmest days to 5 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5 | calm |
| 2 | 5 | calm |
| 3 | 5 | calm |
| 4 | 5 | calm |
| 5 | 5 | calm |
| 6 | 5 | calm |
| 7 | 5 | calm |
| 8 | 5 | calm |
| 9 | 5 | calm |
| 10 | 5 | calm |
| 11 | 5 | calm |
| 12 | 5 | calm |
| 13 | 5 | calm |
| 14 | 5 | calm |
| 15 | 5 | calm |
| 16 | 5 | calm |
| 17 | 5 | calm |
| 18 | 5 | calm |
| 19 | 5 | calm |
| 20 | 5 | calm |
| 21 | 5 | calm |
| 22 | 5 | calm |
| 23 | 5 | calm |
| 24 | 5 | calm |
| 25 | 5 | calm |
| 26 | 5 | calm |
| 27 | 4 | calm |
| 28 | 4 | calm |
| 29 | 4 | calm |
| 30 | 4 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in September
Daylight runs from about 12 h 06 min at the start of September to 12 hours by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 6 minutes over September. Sunrise moves from 6:02 AM to 5:55 AM, and sunset from 6:07 PM to 5:53 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:02 | 6:02 | 6:02 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:55 | 5:55 | 5:55 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:07 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:05 | 6:05 | 6:04 | 6:04 | 6:04 | 6:03 | 6:03 | 6:02 | 6:02 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:55 | 5:55 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:53 | 5:53 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.1 | 6:02 | 6:07 |
| 2 | 12.1 | 6:02 | 6:06 |
| 3 | 12.1 | 6:02 | 6:06 |
| 4 | 12.1 | 6:01 | 6:05 |
| 5 | 12.1 | 6:01 | 6:05 |
| 6 | 12.1 | 6:01 | 6:04 |
| 7 | 12.1 | 6:01 | 6:04 |
| 8 | 12.1 | 6:00 | 6:04 |
| 9 | 12.0 | 6:00 | 6:03 |
| 10 | 12.0 | 6:00 | 6:03 |
| 11 | 12.0 | 6:00 | 6:02 |
| 12 | 12.0 | 5:59 | 6:02 |
| 13 | 12.0 | 5:59 | 6:01 |
| 14 | 12.0 | 5:59 | 6:01 |
| 15 | 12.0 | 5:59 | 6:00 |
| 16 | 12.0 | 5:58 | 6:00 |
| 17 | 12.0 | 5:58 | 5:59 |
| 18 | 12.0 | 5:58 | 5:59 |
| 19 | 12.0 | 5:58 | 5:58 |
| 20 | 12.0 | 5:57 | 5:58 |
| 21 | 12.0 | 5:57 | 5:57 |
| 22 | 12.0 | 5:57 | 5:57 |
| 23 | 12.0 | 5:57 | 5:56 |
| 24 | 12.0 | 5:56 | 5:56 |
| 25 | 12.0 | 5:56 | 5:55 |
| 26 | 12.0 | 5:56 | 5:55 |
| 27 | 12.0 | 5:56 | 5:54 |
| 28 | 12.0 | 5:55 | 5:54 |
| 29 | 12.0 | 5:55 | 5:53 |
| 30 | 12.0 | 5:55 | 5:53 |
Solar energy in September
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in September, about 4 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 3.28 kWh/m² to a high of 4.25 kWh/m² in February across the year — September's 4 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 3.9 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 2 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 3 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 4 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 5 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 6 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 7 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 8 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 9 | 4.1 | Bright |
| 10 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 11 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 12 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 13 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 14 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 15 | 4.0 | Bright |
| 16 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 17 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 18 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 19 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 20 | 4.0 | Moderate |
| 21 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 22 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 23 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 24 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 25 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 26 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 27 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 28 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 29 | 3.9 | Moderate |
| 30 | 3.9 | Moderate |
Is September a good time to visit Andalucía?
Our two travel scores rate September for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
September is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Andalucía.
What to pack for Andalucía in September
From September's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In September, Andalucía sees daytime highs around 24°C and nights near 16°C. Pack rain gear. Worth having: light clothes. About 29 days see rain.
UV index in Andalucía in September
Clear-sky midday UV in September peaks around 15 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Andalucía peaks around March 10 at about 16 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 10 at about 12 (extreme).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 15 | 16 | 16 | 13 | 15 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 12 | 12 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15 | Extreme |
| Feb | 16 | Extreme |
| Mar | 16 | Extreme |
| Apr | 13 | Extreme |
| May | 15 | Extreme |
| Jun | 13 | Extreme |
| Jul | 13 | Extreme |
| Aug | 13 | Extreme |
| Sep | 15 | Extreme |
| Oct | 15 | Extreme |
| Nov | 12 | Extreme |
| Dec | 12 | Extreme |
Air quality in Andalucía in September
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where September falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Andalucía is worst in March — around 21 µg/m³ PM2.5 (moderate), about 1.7× the cleanest month (August, 12 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 16 | 19 | 21 | 19 | 16 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 14 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 16 | Moderate |
| Feb | 19 | Moderate |
| Mar | 21 | Moderate |
| Apr | 19 | Moderate |
| May | 16 | Moderate |
| Jun | 13 | Moderate |
| Jul | 13 | Moderate |
| Aug | 12 | Moderate |
| Sep | 13 | Moderate |
| Oct | 13 | Moderate |
| Nov | 12 | Moderate |
| Dec | 14 | Moderate |
Where is Andalucía?
Andalucía sits at 4.2°N, 76.2°W, 958 m above sea level, in Colombia. The nearest listed city is Tuluá, 10 km away.
Topography around Andalucía
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Andalucía.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Andalucía has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 203 m around an average of 982 m above sea level; within 16 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,151 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 4,524 m.
The land around Andalucía is covered by grassland (48%), trees (27%) and cropland (20%) within 3 km, trees (41%) and grassland (40%) within 16 km, and trees (68%) and grassland (25%) within 80 km.
Colombia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 3
- Reconsider Travel
- Power plugs
- Type A / B
- 120 / 240 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 38% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $8,562
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.0 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 74%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 24.9
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 15.4
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 480
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Andalucía (4.1706°, -76.1664°, elevation 958 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).