Galeras weather in September
In September, Galeras sees average daytime highs of 31°C and overnight lows near 24°C, with 233 mm of rain across 28 wet days and about 12.1 hours of daylight. It is the 10th-warmest and 3rd-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 31°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 1% of the time in September, and the air most often feels miserable.
Daylight stretches from about 12 h 12 min at the start of September to 11 h 54 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, September is Galeras's 10th-clearest and 7th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Galeras's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 31°
- 10th warmest
- Overnight low
- 24°
- 4th coldest
- Rainfall
- 233 mm
- 28 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 hours
- 5:53 AM – 5:56 PM
- Cloud cover
- 90%
- 10th clearest
- Wind
- 6 km/h
- 7th windiest
- Solar energy
- 4.69 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 2.4
- out of 10
Temperature in September
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 31°C through the month.
A typical September day in Galeras reaches about 31°C in the afternoon and slips back to 24°C overnight — a 7°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 29°C and 33°C. Set against its neighbours, September runs on par with August and on par with October.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 |
| Avg low (°C) | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 31 | 24 |
| 2 | 31 | 24 |
| 3 | 31 | 24 |
| 4 | 31 | 24 |
| 5 | 31 | 24 |
| 6 | 31 | 24 |
| 7 | 31 | 24 |
| 8 | 31 | 24 |
| 9 | 31 | 24 |
| 10 | 31 | 24 |
| 11 | 31 | 24 |
| 12 | 31 | 24 |
| 13 | 31 | 24 |
| 14 | 31 | 24 |
| 15 | 31 | 24 |
| 16 | 31 | 24 |
| 17 | 31 | 24 |
| 18 | 31 | 24 |
| 19 | 31 | 24 |
| 20 | 31 | 24 |
| 21 | 31 | 24 |
| 22 | 31 | 24 |
| 23 | 31 | 24 |
| 24 | 31 | 24 |
| 25 | 31 | 24 |
| 26 | 31 | 24 |
| 27 | 31 | 24 |
| 28 | 31 | 24 |
| 29 | 31 | 24 |
| 30 | 31 | 24 |
How September really feels in Galeras
Once humidity and wind are folded in, September averages 30 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in September is heat — humidity pushes the afternoon "feels like" well above the raw temperature.
Galeras weather by month
How September compares with the rest of the year at a glance. September is the 10th-warmest and 3rd-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 33° / 24° | 23 | 5.5 | 11.5 | 4.0 |
| Feb | 34° / 25° | 25 | 6.1 | 11.7 | 3.1 |
| Mar | 34° / 25° | 64 | 13 | 11.9 | 2.7 |
| Apr | 33° / 25° | 177 | 24.3 | 12.2 | 2.3 |
| May | 32° / 25° | 271 | 28.9 | 12.4 | 2.2 |
| Jun | 32° / 25° | 223 | 26.1 | 12.5 | 2.4 |
| Jul | 32° / 25° | 189 | 24.8 | 12.5 | 2.5 |
| Aug | 32° / 25° | 219 | 26.3 | 12.3 | 2.4 |
| Sep | 31° / 24° | 233 | 28 | 12.1 | 2.4 |
| Oct | 31° / 24° | 242 | 29.2 | 11.8 | 2.4 |
| Nov | 31° / 24° | 170 | 25.3 | 11.6 | 2.8 |
| Dec | 32° / 24° | 73 | 14.8 | 11.5 | 3.7 |
Cloud cover in September
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 1% of the time in September.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 4% of September, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 95%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Cloudier (%) | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6 | 94 |
| 2 | 6 | 94 |
| 3 | 6 | 94 |
| 4 | 6 | 94 |
| 5 | 6 | 94 |
| 6 | 6 | 94 |
| 7 | 6 | 94 |
| 8 | 5 | 95 |
| 9 | 5 | 95 |
| 10 | 5 | 95 |
| 11 | 5 | 95 |
| 12 | 5 | 95 |
| 13 | 5 | 95 |
| 14 | 5 | 95 |
| 15 | 5 | 95 |
| 16 | 5 | 95 |
| 17 | 5 | 95 |
| 18 | 5 | 95 |
| 19 | 5 | 95 |
| 20 | 5 | 95 |
| 21 | 5 | 95 |
| 22 | 5 | 95 |
| 23 | 5 | 95 |
| 24 | 5 | 95 |
| 25 | 5 | 95 |
| 26 | 5 | 95 |
| 27 | 5 | 95 |
| 28 | 5 | 95 |
| 29 | 5 | 95 |
| 30 | 5 | 95 |
Chance of precipitation in September
Galeras gets around 233 mm of rain over 28 wet days in September. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 93% and peaks near 94% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 90 | 91 | 91 | 91 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 94 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 90 |
| 2 | 91 |
| 3 | 91 |
| 4 | 91 |
| 5 | 92 |
| 6 | 92 |
| 7 | 92 |
| 8 | 93 |
| 9 | 93 |
| 10 | 93 |
| 11 | 93 |
| 12 | 93 |
| 13 | 93 |
| 14 | 93 |
| 15 | 93 |
| 16 | 94 |
| 17 | 94 |
| 18 | 94 |
| 19 | 94 |
| 20 | 94 |
| 21 | 94 |
| 22 | 94 |
| 23 | 93 |
| 24 | 93 |
| 25 | 93 |
| 26 | 93 |
| 27 | 93 |
| 28 | 93 |
| 29 | 93 |
| 30 | 94 |
Humidity in September
Most of September feels miserable — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, September lands in the miserable band about 76% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 100% of them.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oppressive (%) | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 |
| Miserable (%) | 79 | 79 | 79 | 79 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 76 | 76 | 76 | 76 | 76 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 73 |
| Oppressive (%) | Miserable (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 21 | 79 |
| 2 | 21 | 79 |
| 3 | 21 | 79 |
| 4 | 21 | 79 |
| 5 | 22 | 78 |
| 6 | 22 | 78 |
| 7 | 22 | 78 |
| 8 | 23 | 77 |
| 9 | 23 | 77 |
| 10 | 23 | 77 |
| 11 | 23 | 77 |
| 12 | 24 | 76 |
| 13 | 24 | 76 |
| 14 | 24 | 76 |
| 15 | 24 | 76 |
| 16 | 24 | 76 |
| 17 | 25 | 75 |
| 18 | 25 | 75 |
| 19 | 25 | 75 |
| 20 | 26 | 74 |
| 21 | 26 | 74 |
| 22 | 26 | 74 |
| 23 | 26 | 74 |
| 24 | 27 | 73 |
| 25 | 27 | 73 |
| 26 | 27 | 73 |
| 27 | 27 | 73 |
| 28 | 27 | 73 |
| 29 | 27 | 73 |
| 30 | 27 | 73 |
Wind in September
Winds average 6 km/h in September.
Across September, daily wind ranges from about 6 km/h on the calmest days to 6 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6 | calm |
| 2 | 6 | calm |
| 3 | 6 | calm |
| 4 | 6 | calm |
| 5 | 6 | calm |
| 6 | 6 | calm |
| 7 | 6 | calm |
| 8 | 6 | calm |
| 9 | 6 | calm |
| 10 | 6 | calm |
| 11 | 6 | calm |
| 12 | 6 | calm |
| 13 | 6 | calm |
| 14 | 6 | calm |
| 15 | 6 | calm |
| 16 | 6 | calm |
| 17 | 6 | calm |
| 18 | 6 | calm |
| 19 | 6 | calm |
| 20 | 6 | calm |
| 21 | 6 | calm |
| 22 | 6 | calm |
| 23 | 6 | calm |
| 24 | 6 | calm |
| 25 | 6 | calm |
| 26 | 6 | calm |
| 27 | 6 | calm |
| 28 | 6 | calm |
| 29 | 6 | calm |
| 30 | 6 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in September
Daylight runs from about 12 h 12 min at the start of September to 11 h 54 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 18 minutes over September. Sunrise moves from 5:55 AM to 5:52 AM, and sunset from 6:05 PM to 5:47 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:55 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:52 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:05 | 6:05 | 6:04 | 6:03 | 6:03 | 6:02 | 6:02 | 6:01 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 5:58 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:56 | 5:55 | 5:55 | 5:54 | 5:53 | 5:53 | 5:52 | 5:52 | 5:51 | 5:50 | 5:50 | 5:49 | 5:49 | 5:48 | 5:47 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.2 | 5:55 | 6:05 |
| 2 | 12.2 | 5:54 | 6:05 |
| 3 | 12.2 | 5:54 | 6:04 |
| 4 | 12.2 | 5:54 | 6:03 |
| 5 | 12.1 | 5:54 | 6:03 |
| 6 | 12.1 | 5:54 | 6:02 |
| 7 | 12.1 | 5:54 | 6:02 |
| 8 | 12.1 | 5:54 | 6:01 |
| 9 | 12.1 | 5:54 | 6:00 |
| 10 | 12.1 | 5:54 | 6:00 |
| 11 | 12.1 | 5:54 | 5:59 |
| 12 | 12.1 | 5:53 | 5:59 |
| 13 | 12.1 | 5:53 | 5:58 |
| 14 | 12.1 | 5:53 | 5:57 |
| 15 | 12.1 | 5:53 | 5:57 |
| 16 | 12.0 | 5:53 | 5:56 |
| 17 | 12.0 | 5:53 | 5:55 |
| 18 | 12.0 | 5:53 | 5:55 |
| 19 | 12.0 | 5:53 | 5:54 |
| 20 | 12.0 | 5:53 | 5:53 |
| 21 | 12.0 | 5:52 | 5:53 |
| 22 | 12.0 | 5:52 | 5:52 |
| 23 | 12.0 | 5:52 | 5:52 |
| 24 | 12.0 | 5:52 | 5:51 |
| 25 | 12.0 | 5:52 | 5:50 |
| 26 | 12.0 | 5:52 | 5:50 |
| 27 | 12.0 | 5:52 | 5:49 |
| 28 | 11.9 | 5:52 | 5:49 |
| 29 | 11.9 | 5:52 | 5:48 |
| 30 | 11.9 | 5:52 | 5:47 |
Solar energy in September
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in September, about 4.69 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.32 kWh/m² to a high of 5.75 kWh/m² in February across the year — September's 4.69 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.6 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 2 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 3 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 4 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 5 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 6 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 7 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 8 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 9 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 10 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 11 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 12 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 13 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 14 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 15 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 16 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 17 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 18 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 19 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 20 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 21 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 22 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 23 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 24 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 25 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 26 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 27 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 28 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 29 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 30 | 4.6 | Bright |
Is September a good time to visit Galeras?
Our two travel scores rate September for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
September is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Galeras.
What to pack for Galeras in September
From September's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In September, Galeras sees daytime highs around 31°C and nights near 24°C. Pack light clothes and rain gear. Worth having: sun protection. About 28 days see rain.
UV index in Galeras in September
Clear-sky midday UV in September peaks around 12 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Galeras peaks around March 15 at about 13 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 13 at about 10 (very high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 11 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 10 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 11 | Extreme |
| Feb | 12 | Extreme |
| Mar | 13 | Extreme |
| Apr | 12 | Extreme |
| May | 12 | Extreme |
| Jun | 13 | Extreme |
| Jul | 12 | Extreme |
| Aug | 12 | Extreme |
| Sep | 12 | Extreme |
| Oct | 12 | Extreme |
| Nov | 10 | Very high |
| Dec | 10 | Very high |
Air quality in Galeras in September
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where September falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Galeras is worst in March — around 34 µg/m³ PM2.5 (moderate), about 2.7× the cleanest month (November, 12 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 14 | 21 | 34 | 27 | 22 | 20 | 20 | 17 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 13 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 14 | Moderate |
| Feb | 21 | Moderate |
| Mar | 34 | Moderate |
| Apr | 27 | Moderate |
| May | 22 | Moderate |
| Jun | 20 | Moderate |
| Jul | 20 | Moderate |
| Aug | 17 | Moderate |
| Sep | 14 | Moderate |
| Oct | 13 | Moderate |
| Nov | 12 | Moderate |
| Dec | 13 | Moderate |
Where is Galeras?
Galeras sits at 9.2°N, 75.0°W, 80 m above sea level, in Colombia. The nearest listed city is San Luis de Sincé, 14 km away.
Topography around Galeras
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Galeras.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Galeras has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 54 m around an average of 79 m above sea level; within 16 km, only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 140 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 706 m.
The land around Galeras is covered by grassland (91%) within 3 km, grassland (92%) within 16 km, and grassland (65%) within 80 km.
Colombia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 3
- Reconsider Travel
- Power plugs
- Type A / B
- 120 / 240 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 38% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $8,562
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.0 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 74%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 24.9
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 15.4
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 480
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Galeras (9.1609°, -75.0481°, elevation 80 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).