Kabeya-Kamwanga weather in February
In February, Kabeya-Kamwanga sees average daytime highs of 31°C and overnight lows near 21°C, with 113 mm of rain across 18 wet days and about 12.2 hours of daylight. It is the 5th-warmest and 7th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 31°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 4% of the time in February, and the air most often feels oppressive.
Daylight stretches from about 12 h 18 min at the start of February to 12 h 06 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Kabeya-Kamwanga's 10th-clearest and 8th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Kabeya-Kamwanga's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 31°
- 5th warmest
- Overnight low
- 21°
- 10th coldest
- Rainfall
- 113 mm
- 18 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 h 12 min
- 6:36 AM – 6:47 PM
- Cloud cover
- 82%
- 10th clearest
- Wind
- 5 km/h
- 8th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.63 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 3.5
- out of 10
Kabeya-Kamwanga is town of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in February
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 31°C through the month.
A typical February day in Kabeya-Kamwanga reaches about 31°C in the afternoon and slips back to 21°C overnight — a 10°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 28°C and 33°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs about 1°C warmer than January and on par with March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 |
| Avg low (°C) | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 30 | 21 |
| 2 | 30 | 21 |
| 3 | 30 | 21 |
| 4 | 30 | 21 |
| 5 | 30 | 21 |
| 6 | 30 | 21 |
| 7 | 30 | 21 |
| 8 | 30 | 21 |
| 9 | 30 | 21 |
| 10 | 30 | 21 |
| 11 | 31 | 21 |
| 12 | 31 | 21 |
| 13 | 31 | 21 |
| 14 | 31 | 21 |
| 15 | 31 | 21 |
| 16 | 31 | 21 |
| 17 | 31 | 21 |
| 18 | 31 | 21 |
| 19 | 31 | 21 |
| 20 | 31 | 21 |
| 21 | 31 | 21 |
| 22 | 31 | 21 |
| 23 | 31 | 21 |
| 24 | 31 | 21 |
| 25 | 31 | 21 |
| 26 | 31 | 21 |
| 27 | 31 | 21 |
| 28 | 31 | 21 |
How February really feels in Kabeya-Kamwanga
Once humidity and wind are folded in, February averages 28 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in February is heat — humidity pushes the afternoon "feels like" well above the raw temperature.
Kabeya-Kamwanga weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 5th-warmest and 7th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 30° / 21° | 125 | 20 | 12.3 | 3.7 |
| Feb | 31° / 21° | 113 | 18 | 12.2 | 3.5 |
| Mar | 31° / 21° | 162 | 22.4 | 12 | 3.2 |
| Apr | 31° / 21° | 139 | 20.3 | 11.9 | 3.4 |
| May | 31° / 21° | 38 | 7.8 | 11.7 | 4.6 |
| Jun | 32° / 19° | 7 | 1.2 | 11.7 | 5.1 |
| Jul | 32° / 19° | 3 | 0.7 | 11.7 | 5.0 |
| Aug | 32° / 21° | 35 | 6.8 | 11.8 | 4.5 |
| Sep | 31° / 21° | 106 | 17.5 | 12 | 3.8 |
| Oct | 30° / 21° | 155 | 23.3 | 12.1 | 3.4 |
| Nov | 29° / 21° | 163 | 24.8 | 12.3 | 3.3 |
| Dec | 29° / 21° | 147 | 23 | 12.3 | 3.5 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 4% of the time in February.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 9% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 87%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 |
| Cloudier (%) | 90 | 90 | 89 | 89 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 86 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 87 | 87 | 87 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10 | 90 |
| 2 | 10 | 90 |
| 3 | 11 | 89 |
| 4 | 11 | 89 |
| 5 | 12 | 88 |
| 6 | 12 | 88 |
| 7 | 12 | 88 |
| 8 | 12 | 88 |
| 9 | 12 | 88 |
| 10 | 13 | 87 |
| 11 | 13 | 87 |
| 12 | 13 | 87 |
| 13 | 14 | 86 |
| 14 | 13 | 87 |
| 15 | 13 | 87 |
| 16 | 13 | 87 |
| 17 | 13 | 87 |
| 18 | 13 | 87 |
| 19 | 13 | 87 |
| 20 | 12 | 88 |
| 21 | 12 | 88 |
| 22 | 12 | 88 |
| 23 | 12 | 88 |
| 24 | 12 | 88 |
| 25 | 12 | 88 |
| 26 | 13 | 87 |
| 27 | 13 | 87 |
| 28 | 13 | 87 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Kabeya-Kamwanga gets around 113 mm of rain over 18 wet days in February. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 64% and peaks near 69% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 64 |
| 2 | 64 |
| 3 | 64 |
| 4 | 64 |
| 5 | 64 |
| 6 | 64 |
| 7 | 64 |
| 8 | 64 |
| 9 | 64 |
| 10 | 64 |
| 11 | 64 |
| 12 | 64 |
| 13 | 64 |
| 14 | 63 |
| 15 | 63 |
| 16 | 63 |
| 17 | 63 |
| 18 | 63 |
| 19 | 63 |
| 20 | 63 |
| 21 | 64 |
| 22 | 64 |
| 23 | 65 |
| 24 | 66 |
| 25 | 66 |
| 26 | 67 |
| 27 | 68 |
| 28 | 69 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels oppressive — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the oppressive band about 54% of days. Sticky, muggy-or-worse air turns up on roughly 100% of them.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muggy (%) | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 49 | 48 | 47 | 46 | 45 | 44 | 43 | 42 | 41 | 40 | 40 | 39 | 39 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 |
| Oppressive (%) | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 48 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 55 | 56 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 60 | 60 | 61 | 61 | 62 | 62 | 62 | 62 |
| Muggy (%) | Oppressive (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 52 | 48 |
| 2 | 52 | 48 |
| 3 | 52 | 48 |
| 4 | 52 | 48 |
| 5 | 52 | 48 |
| 6 | 52 | 48 |
| 7 | 51 | 49 |
| 8 | 51 | 49 |
| 9 | 51 | 49 |
| 10 | 50 | 50 |
| 11 | 50 | 50 |
| 12 | 49 | 51 |
| 13 | 48 | 52 |
| 14 | 47 | 53 |
| 15 | 46 | 54 |
| 16 | 45 | 55 |
| 17 | 44 | 56 |
| 18 | 43 | 57 |
| 19 | 42 | 58 |
| 20 | 41 | 59 |
| 21 | 40 | 60 |
| 22 | 40 | 60 |
| 23 | 39 | 61 |
| 24 | 39 | 61 |
| 25 | 38 | 62 |
| 26 | 38 | 62 |
| 27 | 38 | 62 |
| 28 | 38 | 62 |
Wind in February
Winds average 5 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 4 km/h on the calmest days to 5 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4 | calm |
| 2 | 4 | calm |
| 3 | 4 | calm |
| 4 | 4 | calm |
| 5 | 4 | calm |
| 6 | 5 | calm |
| 7 | 5 | calm |
| 8 | 5 | calm |
| 9 | 5 | calm |
| 10 | 5 | calm |
| 11 | 5 | calm |
| 12 | 5 | calm |
| 13 | 5 | calm |
| 14 | 5 | calm |
| 15 | 5 | calm |
| 16 | 5 | calm |
| 17 | 5 | calm |
| 18 | 5 | calm |
| 19 | 5 | calm |
| 20 | 5 | calm |
| 21 | 5 | calm |
| 22 | 5 | calm |
| 23 | 5 | calm |
| 24 | 4 | calm |
| 25 | 4 | calm |
| 26 | 4 | calm |
| 27 | 4 | calm |
| 28 | 4 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 12 h 18 min at the start of February to 12 h 06 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 12 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 6:33 AM to 6:37 AM, and sunset from 6:48 PM to 6:44 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:37 | 6:37 | 6:37 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:45 | 6:45 | 6:45 | 6:45 | 6:44 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.3 | 6:33 | 6:48 |
| 2 | 12.3 | 6:33 | 6:48 |
| 3 | 12.3 | 6:33 | 6:48 |
| 4 | 12.2 | 6:34 | 6:48 |
| 5 | 12.2 | 6:34 | 6:48 |
| 6 | 12.2 | 6:34 | 6:48 |
| 7 | 12.2 | 6:34 | 6:48 |
| 8 | 12.2 | 6:34 | 6:48 |
| 9 | 12.2 | 6:35 | 6:48 |
| 10 | 12.2 | 6:35 | 6:48 |
| 11 | 12.2 | 6:35 | 6:48 |
| 12 | 12.2 | 6:35 | 6:48 |
| 13 | 12.2 | 6:35 | 6:48 |
| 14 | 12.2 | 6:36 | 6:48 |
| 15 | 12.2 | 6:36 | 6:47 |
| 16 | 12.2 | 6:36 | 6:47 |
| 17 | 12.2 | 6:36 | 6:47 |
| 18 | 12.2 | 6:36 | 6:47 |
| 19 | 12.2 | 6:36 | 6:47 |
| 20 | 12.2 | 6:36 | 6:46 |
| 21 | 12.2 | 6:36 | 6:46 |
| 22 | 12.2 | 6:36 | 6:46 |
| 23 | 12.2 | 6:36 | 6:46 |
| 24 | 12.2 | 6:36 | 6:45 |
| 25 | 12.1 | 6:36 | 6:45 |
| 26 | 12.1 | 6:37 | 6:45 |
| 27 | 12.1 | 6:37 | 6:45 |
| 28 | 12.1 | 6:37 | 6:44 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 5.63 kWh/m² — the sunniest month for solar.
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 5.2 kWh/m² to a high of 5.63 kWh/m² in February across the year — February's 5.63 kWh/m² sits near the top of that range.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.7 | Bright |
Is February a good time to visit Kabeya-Kamwanga?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Kabeya-Kamwanga.
What to pack for Kabeya-Kamwanga in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Kabeya-Kamwanga sees daytime highs around 31°C and nights near 21°C. Pack light clothes and rain gear. Worth having: sun protection. About 18 days see rain.
UV index in Kabeya-Kamwanga in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 12 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Kabeya-Kamwanga peaks around March 19 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near August 10 at about 6 (high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 12 | 12 | 15 | 14 | 10 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 13 | 11 | 11 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high | High | High | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12 | Extreme |
| Feb | 12 | Extreme |
| Mar | 15 | Extreme |
| Apr | 14 | Extreme |
| May | 10 | Very high |
| Jun | 8 | Very high |
| Jul | 6 | High |
| Aug | 6 | High |
| Sep | 12 | Extreme |
| Oct | 13 | Extreme |
| Nov | 11 | Extreme |
| Dec | 11 | Extreme |
Air quality in Kabeya-Kamwanga in February
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where February falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Kabeya-Kamwanga is worst in August — around 104 µg/m³ PM2.5 (unhealthy), about 4.4× the cleanest month (November, 24 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 28 | 32 | 27 | 27 | 46 | 66 | 104 | 104 | 43 | 29 | 24 | 24 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Poor | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Unhealthy | Poor | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 28 | Moderate |
| Feb | 32 | Moderate |
| Mar | 27 | Moderate |
| Apr | 27 | Moderate |
| May | 46 | Poor |
| Jun | 66 | Unhealthy |
| Jul | 104 | Unhealthy |
| Aug | 104 | Unhealthy |
| Sep | 43 | Poor |
| Oct | 29 | Moderate |
| Nov | 24 | Moderate |
| Dec | 24 | Moderate |
Where is Kabeya-Kamwanga?
Kabeya-Kamwanga sits at 6.0°S, 23.3°E, 649 m above sea level, in Democratic Republic of the Congo. The nearest listed city is Miabi, 29 km away.
Topography around Kabeya-Kamwanga
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Kabeya-Kamwanga.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Kabeya-Kamwanga has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 177 m around an average of 598 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 258 m; within 80 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 480 m.
The land around Kabeya-Kamwanga is covered by grassland (78%) within 3 km, grassland (76%) within 16 km, and grassland (51%) and trees (35%) within 80 km.
Democratic Republic of the Congo travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type C / E
- 220 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 42% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $807
- 2025
- Happiness
- 3.8 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 12%
- of population, 2024
- Road deaths
- 34.9
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Low
- World Bank
- English
- Very low
- EF EPI 400
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Kabeya-Kamwanga (-5.9988°, 23.2539°, elevation 649 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).