Guamote weather in October
In October, Guamote sees average daytime highs of 15°C and overnight lows near 5°C, with 138 mm of rain across 21.9 wet days and about 12 hours of daylight. It is the 3rd-warmest and 7th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 15°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 2% of the time in October, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 12 hours at the start of October to 12 h 06 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, October is Guamote's 8th-clearest and 6th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Guamote's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 15°
- 3rd warmest
- Overnight low
- 5°
- 5th coldest
- Rainfall
- 138 mm
- 21.9 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 hours
- 5:59 AM – 6:01 PM
- Cloud cover
- 82%
- 8th clearest
- Wind
- 5 km/h
- 6th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.64 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 3.2
- out of 10
Temperature in October
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 15°C through the month.
A typical October day in Guamote reaches about 15°C in the afternoon and slips back to 5°C overnight — a 10°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 12°C and 17°C. Set against its neighbours, October runs about 1°C cooler than September and on par with November.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 16 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Avg low (°C) | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 16 | 4 |
| 2 | 15 | 4 |
| 3 | 15 | 4 |
| 4 | 15 | 4 |
| 5 | 15 | 4 |
| 6 | 15 | 4 |
| 7 | 15 | 4 |
| 8 | 15 | 4 |
| 9 | 15 | 5 |
| 10 | 15 | 5 |
| 11 | 15 | 5 |
| 12 | 15 | 5 |
| 13 | 15 | 5 |
| 14 | 15 | 5 |
| 15 | 15 | 5 |
| 16 | 15 | 5 |
| 17 | 15 | 5 |
| 18 | 15 | 5 |
| 19 | 15 | 5 |
| 20 | 15 | 5 |
| 21 | 15 | 5 |
| 22 | 15 | 5 |
| 23 | 15 | 5 |
| 24 | 15 | 5 |
| 25 | 15 | 5 |
| 26 | 15 | 5 |
| 27 | 15 | 5 |
| 28 | 15 | 5 |
| 29 | 15 | 5 |
| 30 | 15 | 5 |
| 31 | 15 | 5 |
Guamote weather by month
How October compares with the rest of the year at a glance. October is the 3rd-warmest and 7th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15° / 5° | 155 | 22.3 | 12.1 | 3.0 |
| Feb | 15° / 5° | 181 | 23.1 | 12.1 | 2.8 |
| Mar | 15° / 5° | 231 | 27.7 | 12 | 2.5 |
| Apr | 15° / 5° | 192 | 25.9 | 12 | 2.6 |
| May | 15° / 5° | 133 | 22.3 | 11.9 | 3.0 |
| Jun | 14° / 4° | 77 | 16.4 | 11.9 | 3.4 |
| Jul | 14° / 4° | 50 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 3.9 |
| Aug | 15° / 3° | 30 | 8 | 11.9 | 4.6 |
| Sep | 16° / 4° | 55 | 12.3 | 12 | 4.4 |
| Oct | 15° / 5° | 138 | 21.9 | 12 | 3.2 |
| Nov | 14° / 5° | 160 | 23.6 | 12.1 | 2.7 |
| Dec | 15° / 5° | 158 | 23 | 12.1 | 2.9 |
Cloud cover in October
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 2% of the time in October.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 9% of October, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 90%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 20 | 19 | 18 | 18 | 17 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Cloudier (%) | 80 | 81 | 82 | 82 | 83 | 85 | 86 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 89 | 89 | 90 | 90 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 94 | 94 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 20 | 80 |
| 2 | 19 | 81 |
| 3 | 18 | 82 |
| 4 | 18 | 82 |
| 5 | 17 | 83 |
| 6 | 15 | 85 |
| 7 | 14 | 86 |
| 8 | 14 | 86 |
| 9 | 13 | 87 |
| 10 | 12 | 88 |
| 11 | 12 | 88 |
| 12 | 11 | 89 |
| 13 | 11 | 89 |
| 14 | 10 | 90 |
| 15 | 10 | 90 |
| 16 | 10 | 90 |
| 17 | 9 | 91 |
| 18 | 8 | 92 |
| 19 | 8 | 92 |
| 20 | 8 | 92 |
| 21 | 7 | 93 |
| 22 | 7 | 93 |
| 23 | 7 | 93 |
| 24 | 6 | 94 |
| 25 | 6 | 94 |
| 26 | 5 | 95 |
| 27 | 5 | 95 |
| 28 | 5 | 95 |
| 29 | 5 | 95 |
| 30 | 5 | 95 |
| 31 | 5 | 95 |
Chance of precipitation in October
Guamote gets around 138 mm of rain over 21.9 wet days in October. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 70% and peaks near 77% on the wettest days. The odds climb toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 61 | 62 | 63 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 65 | 65 | 66 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 69 | 69 | 70 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 73 | 74 | 75 | 75 | 76 | 76 | 76 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 61 |
| 2 | 62 |
| 3 | 63 |
| 4 | 63 |
| 5 | 64 |
| 6 | 64 |
| 7 | 65 |
| 8 | 65 |
| 9 | 66 |
| 10 | 66 |
| 11 | 67 |
| 12 | 68 |
| 13 | 69 |
| 14 | 69 |
| 15 | 70 |
| 16 | 71 |
| 17 | 72 |
| 18 | 73 |
| 19 | 73 |
| 20 | 74 |
| 21 | 75 |
| 22 | 75 |
| 23 | 76 |
| 24 | 76 |
| 25 | 76 |
| 26 | 77 |
| 27 | 77 |
| 28 | 77 |
| 29 | 77 |
| 30 | 77 |
| 31 | 77 |
Humidity in October
Most of October feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, October lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
| 31 | 100 |
Wind in October
Winds average 5 km/h in October.
Across October, daily wind ranges from about 5 km/h on the calmest days to 6 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6 | calm |
| 2 | 6 | calm |
| 3 | 6 | calm |
| 4 | 6 | calm |
| 5 | 6 | calm |
| 6 | 6 | calm |
| 7 | 6 | calm |
| 8 | 6 | calm |
| 9 | 6 | calm |
| 10 | 6 | calm |
| 11 | 5 | calm |
| 12 | 5 | calm |
| 13 | 5 | calm |
| 14 | 5 | calm |
| 15 | 5 | calm |
| 16 | 5 | calm |
| 17 | 5 | calm |
| 18 | 5 | calm |
| 19 | 5 | calm |
| 20 | 5 | calm |
| 21 | 5 | calm |
| 22 | 5 | calm |
| 23 | 5 | calm |
| 24 | 5 | calm |
| 25 | 5 | calm |
| 26 | 5 | calm |
| 27 | 5 | calm |
| 28 | 5 | calm |
| 29 | 5 | calm |
| 30 | 5 | calm |
| 31 | 5 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in October
Daylight runs from about 12 hours at the start of October to 12 h 06 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 6 minutes over October. Sunrise moves from 6:03 AM to 5:56 AM, and sunset from 6:04 PM to 6:00 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:03 | 6:03 | 6:03 | 6:02 | 6:02 | 6:02 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:58 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:57 | 5:56 | 5:56 | 5:56 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:04 | 6:04 | 6:04 | 6:04 | 6:03 | 6:03 | 6:03 | 6:03 | 6:02 | 6:02 | 6:02 | 6:02 | 6:02 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 6:00 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.0 | 6:03 | 6:04 |
| 2 | 12.0 | 6:03 | 6:04 |
| 3 | 12.0 | 6:03 | 6:04 |
| 4 | 12.0 | 6:02 | 6:04 |
| 5 | 12.0 | 6:02 | 6:03 |
| 6 | 12.0 | 6:02 | 6:03 |
| 7 | 12.0 | 6:01 | 6:03 |
| 8 | 12.0 | 6:01 | 6:03 |
| 9 | 12.0 | 6:01 | 6:02 |
| 10 | 12.0 | 6:00 | 6:02 |
| 11 | 12.0 | 6:00 | 6:02 |
| 12 | 12.0 | 6:00 | 6:02 |
| 13 | 12.0 | 5:59 | 6:02 |
| 14 | 12.0 | 5:59 | 6:01 |
| 15 | 12.0 | 5:59 | 6:01 |
| 16 | 12.0 | 5:59 | 6:01 |
| 17 | 12.0 | 5:58 | 6:01 |
| 18 | 12.0 | 5:58 | 6:01 |
| 19 | 12.0 | 5:58 | 6:01 |
| 20 | 12.0 | 5:58 | 6:01 |
| 21 | 12.1 | 5:58 | 6:01 |
| 22 | 12.1 | 5:57 | 6:01 |
| 23 | 12.1 | 5:57 | 6:00 |
| 24 | 12.1 | 5:57 | 6:00 |
| 25 | 12.1 | 5:57 | 6:00 |
| 26 | 12.1 | 5:57 | 6:00 |
| 27 | 12.1 | 5:57 | 6:00 |
| 28 | 12.1 | 5:57 | 6:00 |
| 29 | 12.1 | 5:56 | 6:00 |
| 30 | 12.1 | 5:56 | 6:00 |
| 31 | 12.1 | 5:56 | 6:00 |
Solar energy in October
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in October, about 5.64 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.87 kWh/m² to a high of 6.04 kWh/m² in September across the year — October's 5.64 kWh/m² sits near the top of that range.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 29 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 30 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 31 | 5.5 | Bright |
Is October a good time to visit Guamote?
Our two travel scores rate October for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
October is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Guamote.
What to pack for Guamote in October
From October's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In October, Guamote sees daytime highs around 15°C and nights near 5°C. Pack rain gear. Worth having: a warm layer and sun protection. About 22 days see rain.
UV index in Guamote in October
Clear-sky midday UV in October peaks around 16 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Guamote peaks around February 20 at about 18 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near July 14 at about 13 (extreme).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 17 | 19 | 18 | 16 | 16 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 14 | 14 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 17 | Extreme |
| Feb | 19 | Extreme |
| Mar | 18 | Extreme |
| Apr | 16 | Extreme |
| May | 16 | Extreme |
| Jun | 13 | Extreme |
| Jul | 13 | Extreme |
| Aug | 14 | Extreme |
| Sep | 15 | Extreme |
| Oct | 16 | Extreme |
| Nov | 14 | Extreme |
| Dec | 14 | Extreme |
Air quality in Guamote in October
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where October falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Guamote is worst in February — around 17 µg/m³ PM2.5 (moderate), about 2.2× the cleanest month (July, 8 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 15 | 17 | 17 | 14 | 11 | 9 | 8 | 11 | 15 | 14 | 17 | 14 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Good | Good | Good | Good | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 15 | Moderate |
| Feb | 17 | Moderate |
| Mar | 17 | Moderate |
| Apr | 14 | Moderate |
| May | 11 | Good |
| Jun | 9 | Good |
| Jul | 8 | Good |
| Aug | 11 | Good |
| Sep | 15 | Moderate |
| Oct | 14 | Moderate |
| Nov | 17 | Moderate |
| Dec | 14 | Moderate |
Where is Guamote?
Guamote sits at 1.9°S, 78.7°W, 0 m above sea level, in Ecuador. The nearest listed city is Riobamba, 31 km away.
Topography around Guamote
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Guamote.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Guamote has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 584 m around an average of 3,176 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,575 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 6,240 m.
The land around Guamote is covered by grassland (79%) within 3 km, cropland (47%) and grassland (45%) within 16 km, and trees (50%) and grassland (31%) within 80 km.
Ecuador travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type A / B
- 120 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 43% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $7,125
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.1 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 70%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 45.7
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 20.1
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 466
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Guamote (-1.935°, -78.7104°, elevation 0 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).