Khalkhāl weather in September
In September, Khalkhāl sees average daytime highs of 23°C and overnight lows near 11°C, with 35 mm of rain across 9 wet days and about 12.3 hours of daylight. It is the 4th-warmest and 9th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs ease over the month, from about 25°C in the first days to 21°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 58% of the time in September, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 12 h 48 min at the start of September to 11 h 42 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, September is Khalkhāl's 4th-clearest and 7th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Khalkhāl's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 23°
- 4th warmest
- Overnight low
- 11°
- 9th coldest
- Rainfall
- 35 mm
- 9 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 h 12 min
- 6:03 AM – 6:17 PM
- Cloud cover
- 36%
- 4th clearest
- Wind
- 6 km/h
- 7th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.25 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 7.3
- out of 10
Khalkhāl is city in Ardabil Province, Iran.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in September
Highs ease over the month, from about 25°C in the first days to 21°C by the end.
A typical September day in Khalkhāl reaches about 23°C in the afternoon and slips back to 11°C overnight — a 12°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 18°C and 28°C. Set against its neighbours, September runs about 3°C cooler than August and about 6°C warmer than October.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 20 |
| Avg low (°C) | 13 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 25 | 13 |
| 2 | 25 | 12 |
| 3 | 25 | 12 |
| 4 | 25 | 12 |
| 5 | 25 | 12 |
| 6 | 24 | 12 |
| 7 | 24 | 12 |
| 8 | 24 | 12 |
| 9 | 24 | 12 |
| 10 | 24 | 11 |
| 11 | 24 | 11 |
| 12 | 23 | 11 |
| 13 | 23 | 11 |
| 14 | 23 | 11 |
| 15 | 23 | 11 |
| 16 | 23 | 11 |
| 17 | 23 | 10 |
| 18 | 23 | 10 |
| 19 | 22 | 10 |
| 20 | 22 | 10 |
| 21 | 22 | 10 |
| 22 | 22 | 10 |
| 23 | 22 | 10 |
| 24 | 22 | 9 |
| 25 | 21 | 9 |
| 26 | 21 | 9 |
| 27 | 21 | 9 |
| 28 | 21 | 9 |
| 29 | 21 | 9 |
| 30 | 20 | 8 |
How September really feels in Khalkhāl
Once humidity and wind are folded in, September averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 0 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
September sits comfortably in between — no days that feel dangerously hot or drop to a hard freeze once humidity and wind are folded in.
Khalkhāl weather by month
How September compares with the rest of the year at a glance. September is the 4th-warmest and 9th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1° / -7° | 56 | 8.9 | 9.1 | 9.7 | 0.0 |
| Feb | 3° / -5° | 65 | 10.3 | 9.6 | 10.5 | 0.0 |
| Mar | 8° / -1° | 82 | 13.3 | 9.7 | 11.7 | 1.3 |
| Apr | 14° / 4° | 89 | 14.2 | 3.2 | 12.9 | 3.8 |
| May | 19° / 8° | 65 | 13.8 | 0.3 | 14 | 5.8 |
| Jun | 24° / 12° | 30 | 8.3 | 0 | 14.5 | 7.7 |
| Jul | 26° / 14° | 19 | 4.8 | 0 | 14.3 | 8.1 |
| Aug | 26° / 14° | 16 | 5 | 0 | 13.4 | 8.0 |
| Sep | 23° / 11° | 35 | 9 | 0 | 12.3 | 7.3 |
| Oct | 17° / 6° | 64 | 10.2 | 1.3 | 11 | 5.6 |
| Nov | 9° / 0° | 78 | 10.4 | 6 | 10 | 1.7 |
| Dec | 3° / -5° | 56 | 8.8 | 8.4 | 9.4 | 0.0 |
Cloud cover in September
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 58% of the time in September.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 21% of September, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 21%. Skies tend to cloud over as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 84 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 83 | 83 | 82 | 81 | 81 | 81 | 79 | 79 | 79 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 76 | 76 | 76 | 75 | 74 | 73 | 72 |
| Cloudier (%) | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 84 | 16 |
| 2 | 84 | 16 |
| 3 | 84 | 16 |
| 4 | 84 | 16 |
| 5 | 83 | 17 |
| 6 | 83 | 17 |
| 7 | 82 | 18 |
| 8 | 81 | 19 |
| 9 | 81 | 19 |
| 10 | 81 | 19 |
| 11 | 79 | 21 |
| 12 | 79 | 21 |
| 13 | 79 | 21 |
| 14 | 78 | 22 |
| 15 | 78 | 22 |
| 16 | 78 | 22 |
| 17 | 78 | 22 |
| 18 | 78 | 22 |
| 19 | 78 | 22 |
| 20 | 77 | 23 |
| 21 | 77 | 23 |
| 22 | 77 | 23 |
| 23 | 77 | 23 |
| 24 | 76 | 24 |
| 25 | 76 | 24 |
| 26 | 76 | 24 |
| 27 | 75 | 25 |
| 28 | 74 | 26 |
| 29 | 73 | 27 |
| 30 | 72 | 28 |
Chance of precipitation in September
Khalkhāl gets around 35 mm of rain over 9 wet days in September. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 30% and peaks near 33% on the wettest days. The odds climb toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 24 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 33 | 33 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 24 |
| 2 | 25 |
| 3 | 25 |
| 4 | 26 |
| 5 | 27 |
| 6 | 27 |
| 7 | 28 |
| 8 | 29 |
| 9 | 29 |
| 10 | 30 |
| 11 | 30 |
| 12 | 30 |
| 13 | 30 |
| 14 | 30 |
| 15 | 30 |
| 16 | 30 |
| 17 | 30 |
| 18 | 30 |
| 19 | 31 |
| 20 | 31 |
| 21 | 31 |
| 22 | 31 |
| 23 | 31 |
| 24 | 31 |
| 25 | 31 |
| 26 | 32 |
| 27 | 32 |
| 28 | 32 |
| 29 | 33 |
| 30 | 33 |
Humidity in September
Most of September feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, September lands in the dry band about 92% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 75 | 76 | 78 | 81 | 82 | 83 | 85 | 86 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 95 | 95 | 96 | 97 | 97 | 98 | 98 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Comfortable (%) | 23 | 22 | 20 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Humid (%) | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | Humid (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 75 | 23 | 2 |
| 2 | 76 | 22 | 2 |
| 3 | 78 | 20 | 2 |
| 4 | 81 | 18 | 1 |
| 5 | 82 | 17 | 1 |
| 6 | 83 | 16 | 1 |
| 7 | 85 | 14 | 1 |
| 8 | 86 | 13 | 1 |
| 9 | 88 | 12 | 0 |
| 10 | 89 | 11 | 0 |
| 11 | 90 | 10 | 0 |
| 12 | 91 | 9 | 0 |
| 13 | 92 | 8 | 0 |
| 14 | 93 | 7 | 0 |
| 15 | 94 | 6 | 0 |
| 16 | 95 | 5 | 0 |
| 17 | 95 | 5 | 0 |
| 18 | 96 | 4 | 0 |
| 19 | 97 | 3 | 0 |
| 20 | 97 | 3 | 0 |
| 21 | 98 | 2 | 0 |
| 22 | 98 | 2 | 0 |
| 23 | 99 | 1 | 0 |
| 24 | 99 | 1 | 0 |
| 25 | 99 | 1 | 0 |
| 26 | 99 | 1 | 0 |
| 27 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| 28 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| 29 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| 30 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
Wind in September
Winds average 6 km/h in September.
Across September, daily wind ranges from about 6 km/h on the calmest days to 7 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 7 | calm |
| 2 | 7 | calm |
| 3 | 7 | calm |
| 4 | 7 | calm |
| 5 | 7 | calm |
| 6 | 7 | calm |
| 7 | 7 | calm |
| 8 | 7 | calm |
| 9 | 7 | calm |
| 10 | 7 | calm |
| 11 | 7 | calm |
| 12 | 6 | calm |
| 13 | 6 | calm |
| 14 | 6 | calm |
| 15 | 6 | calm |
| 16 | 6 | calm |
| 17 | 6 | calm |
| 18 | 6 | calm |
| 19 | 6 | calm |
| 20 | 6 | calm |
| 21 | 6 | calm |
| 22 | 6 | calm |
| 23 | 6 | calm |
| 24 | 6 | calm |
| 25 | 6 | calm |
| 26 | 6 | calm |
| 27 | 6 | calm |
| 28 | 6 | calm |
| 29 | 6 | calm |
| 30 | 6 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in September
Daylight runs from about 12 h 48 min at the start of September to 11 h 42 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 66 minutes over September. Sunrise moves from 5:50 AM to 6:15 AM, and sunset from 6:41 PM to 5:55 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.3 | 12.3 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:50 | 5:51 | 5:52 | 5:53 | 5:54 | 5:54 | 5:55 | 5:56 | 5:57 | 5:58 | 5:59 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 6:01 | 6:02 | 6:03 | 6:04 | 6:05 | 6:06 | 6:07 | 6:07 | 6:08 | 6:09 | 6:10 | 6:11 | 6:12 | 6:13 | 6:14 | 6:15 | 6:15 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:41 | 6:40 | 6:38 | 6:36 | 6:35 | 6:33 | 6:32 | 6:30 | 6:29 | 6:27 | 6:25 | 6:24 | 6:22 | 6:21 | 6:19 | 6:17 | 6:16 | 6:14 | 6:13 | 6:11 | 6:09 | 6:08 | 6:06 | 6:04 | 6:03 | 6:01 | 6:00 | 5:58 | 5:57 | 5:55 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.8 | 5:50 | 6:41 |
| 2 | 12.8 | 5:51 | 6:40 |
| 3 | 12.8 | 5:52 | 6:38 |
| 4 | 12.7 | 5:53 | 6:36 |
| 5 | 12.7 | 5:54 | 6:35 |
| 6 | 12.6 | 5:54 | 6:33 |
| 7 | 12.6 | 5:55 | 6:32 |
| 8 | 12.6 | 5:56 | 6:30 |
| 9 | 12.5 | 5:57 | 6:29 |
| 10 | 12.5 | 5:58 | 6:27 |
| 11 | 12.4 | 5:59 | 6:25 |
| 12 | 12.4 | 6:00 | 6:24 |
| 13 | 12.4 | 6:00 | 6:22 |
| 14 | 12.3 | 6:01 | 6:21 |
| 15 | 12.3 | 6:02 | 6:19 |
| 16 | 12.2 | 6:03 | 6:17 |
| 17 | 12.2 | 6:04 | 6:16 |
| 18 | 12.2 | 6:05 | 6:14 |
| 19 | 12.1 | 6:06 | 6:13 |
| 20 | 12.1 | 6:07 | 6:11 |
| 21 | 12.0 | 6:07 | 6:09 |
| 22 | 12.0 | 6:08 | 6:08 |
| 23 | 11.9 | 6:09 | 6:06 |
| 24 | 11.9 | 6:10 | 6:04 |
| 25 | 11.9 | 6:11 | 6:03 |
| 26 | 11.8 | 6:12 | 6:01 |
| 27 | 11.8 | 6:13 | 6:00 |
| 28 | 11.7 | 6:14 | 5:58 |
| 29 | 11.7 | 6:15 | 5:57 |
| 30 | 11.7 | 6:15 | 5:55 |
Solar energy in September
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in September, about 5.25 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 2.46 kWh/m² to a high of 7.33 kWh/m² in June across the year — September's 5.25 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 6.0 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6.0 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 22 | 4.9 | Bright |
| 23 | 4.9 | Bright |
| 24 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 25 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 26 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 27 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 28 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 29 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 30 | 4.6 | Bright |
Is September a good time to visit Khalkhāl?
Our two travel scores rate September for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
September is one of the better times to visit Khalkhāl for general sightseeing.
What to pack for Khalkhāl in September
From September's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In September, Khalkhāl sees daytime highs around 23°C and nights near 11°C. Worth packing: light clothes, rain gear and sun protection. About 9 days see rain.
Sea temperature near Khalkhāl in September
The nearest coast averages about 26°C in September — the other half of the beach question. The full-year curve and swim-comfort zones are below.
The sea at the nearest coast (about 52 km away) is warmest in August at about 28°C and coldest in February near 10°C.
It's comfortable for a long swim from May 22 to Nov 4 — about 5.5 months when the water holds above 20°C.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sea temperature (°C) | 12 | 10 | 10 | 13 | 19 | 24 | 27 | 28 | 26 | 23 | 18 | 14 |
| Comfort | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Bracing | Cool | Warm | Warm | Warm | Warm | Refreshing | Cool | Bracing |
| Sea temperature (°C) | Comfort | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 12 | Bracing |
| Feb | 10 | Bracing |
| Mar | 10 | Bracing |
| Apr | 13 | Bracing |
| May | 19 | Cool |
| Jun | 24 | Warm |
| Jul | 27 | Warm |
| Aug | 28 | Warm |
| Sep | 26 | Warm |
| Oct | 23 | Refreshing |
| Nov | 18 | Cool |
| Dec | 14 | Bracing |
UV index in Khalkhāl in September
Clear-sky midday UV in September peaks around 7 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Khalkhāl peaks around July 18 at about 11 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near January 10 at about 3 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 3 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 3 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | High | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | High | Moderate | Moderate |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 3 | Moderate |
| Feb | 4 | Moderate |
| Mar | 5 | Moderate |
| Apr | 7 | High |
| May | 8 | Very high |
| Jun | 10 | Very high |
| Jul | 11 | Extreme |
| Aug | 10 | Extreme |
| Sep | 7 | Very high |
| Oct | 5 | High |
| Nov | 3 | Moderate |
| Dec | 3 | Moderate |
Air quality in Khalkhāl in September
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where September falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Khalkhāl is worst in March — around 25 µg/m³ PM2.5 (moderate), about 1.7× the cleanest month (July, 15 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 18 | 19 | 25 | 25 | 23 | 18 | 15 | 18 | 20 | 18 | 17 | 17 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 18 | Moderate |
| Feb | 19 | Moderate |
| Mar | 25 | Moderate |
| Apr | 25 | Moderate |
| May | 23 | Moderate |
| Jun | 18 | Moderate |
| Jul | 15 | Moderate |
| Aug | 18 | Moderate |
| Sep | 20 | Moderate |
| Oct | 18 | Moderate |
| Nov | 17 | Moderate |
| Dec | 17 | Moderate |
Where is Khalkhāl?
Khalkhāl sits at 37.6°N, 48.5°E, 1,795 m above sea level, in Iran. The nearest listed city is Hashtpar, 39 km away.
Topography around Khalkhāl
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Khalkhāl.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Khalkhāl has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 278 m around an average of 1,862 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,079 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 3,325 m.
The land around Khalkhāl is covered by grassland (46%), cropland (28%) and artificial surfaces (20%) within 3 km, grassland (75%) within 16 km, and grassland (47%) and cropland (22%) within 80 km.
Iran travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 220 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 352% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $3,924
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.2 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 94%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 2.4
- per 100k, 2014
- Road deaths
- 21.5
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 492
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Khalkhāl (37.6184°, 48.5293°, elevation 1,795 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. Sea temperatures are the NOAA OISST v2.1 1991–2020 monthly climatology (public domain), sampled at the nearest ocean point. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).