Ciudad Hidalgo weather in October

In October, Ciudad Hidalgo sees average daytime highs of 22°C and overnight lows near 10°C, with 117 mm of rain across 14.8 wet days and about 11.5 hours of daylight. It is the 8th-warmest and 5th-wettest month of the year here.

Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 22°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 24% of the time in October, and the air most often feels dry.

Daylight stretches from about 11 h 48 min at the start of October to 11 h 18 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, October is Ciudad Hidalgo's 8th-clearest and 5th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Ciudad Hidalgo's year-round climate.

Daytime high: 22°; 8th warmest
Overnight low: 10°; 7th coldest
Rainfall: 117 mm; 14.8 wet days
Daylight: 11 h 30 min; 6:41 AM – 6:14 PM
Cloud cover: 62%; 8th clearest
Wind: 6 km/h; 5th windiest
Solar energy: 5.22 kWh/m²
Travel score: 5.9; out of 10

Ciudad Hidalgo is municipal seat of Hidalgo, State of Michoacán, Mexico.

Density: 57/km²; people per km²
Founded: 1531

Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.

← September Ciudad Hidalgo year-round climate November →Best places to visit in October

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Temperature in October

Average highAverage lowShaded bands: 10–90% of days

Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 22°C through the month.

A typical October day in Ciudad Hidalgo reaches about 22°C in the afternoon and slips back to 10°C overnight — a 12°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 20°C and 24°C. Set against its neighbours, October runs on par with September and on par with November.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Avg high (°C)	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22	22
Avg low (°C)	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	11	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	10	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	9	9

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	22	11
2	22	11
3	22	11
4	22	11
5	22	11
6	22	11
7	22	11
8	22	11
9	22	11
10	22	11
11	22	11
12	22	11
13	22	11
14	22	10
15	22	10
16	22	10
17	22	10
18	22	10
19	22	10
20	22	10
21	22	10
22	22	10
23	22	9
24	22	9
25	22	9
26	22	9
27	22	9
28	22	9
29	22	9
30	22	9
31	22	9

Ciudad Hidalgo weather by month

How October compares with the rest of the year at a glance. October is the 8th-warmest and 5th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.

Month	High / Low (°C)	Rainfall (mm)	Wet days	Daylight (hours)	Travel score
Jan	20° / 5°	27	4.2	10.9	7.5
Feb	22° / 6°	25	4.1	11.3	8.0
Mar	24° / 8°	25	4.5	11.9	8.2
Apr	26° / 10°	27	5.4	12.4	7.6
May	26° / 11°	97	14.1	12.9	6.2
Jun	24° / 12°	256	22.2	13.2	4.7
Jul	23° / 12°	369	28.1	13.1	3.9
Aug	22° / 12°	322	26.7	12.7	4.0
Sep	22° / 12°	262	23.4	12.1	4.4
Oct	22° / 10°	117	14.8	11.5	5.9
Nov	21° / 7°	38	7.1	11.1	7.3
Dec	20° / 5°	15	3.2	10.8	7.7

Cloud cover in October

ClearMostly clearPartly cloudyMostly cloudyOvercast

The sky is clear or mostly clear about 24% of the time in October.

Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 18% of October, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 59%. Skies tend to open up as the month goes on.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Clearer (%)	29	29	30	30	30	31	32	33	34	34	34	35	35	36	37	38	39	40	42	44	45	46	48	50	52	54	55	57	58	59	60
Cloudier (%)	71	71	70	70	70	69	68	67	66	66	66	65	65	64	63	62	61	60	58	56	55	54	52	50	48	46	45	43	42	41	40

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	29	71
2	29	71
3	30	70
4	30	70
5	30	70
6	31	69
7	32	68
8	33	67
9	34	66
10	34	66
11	34	66
12	35	65
13	35	65
14	36	64
15	37	63
16	38	62
17	39	61
18	40	60
19	42	58
20	44	56
21	45	55
22	46	54
23	48	52
24	50	50
25	52	48
26	54	46
27	55	45
28	57	43
29	58	42
30	59	41
31	60	40

Chance of precipitation in October

Any precipitation

Ciudad Hidalgo gets around 117 mm of rain over 14.8 wet days in October. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.

Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 49% and peaks near 61% on the wettest days. The odds ease toward the end of the month.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Rain chance (%)	61	60	60	59	59	58	57	56	56	55	54	54	53	52	51	50	49	47	46	44	43	42	41	41	40	40	39	38	37	36	35

	Rain chance (%)
1	61
2	60
3	60
4	59
5	59
6	58
7	57
8	56
9	56
10	55
11	54
12	54
13	53
14	52
15	51
16	50
17	49
18	47
19	46
20	44
21	43
22	42
23	41
24	41
25	40
26	40
27	39
28	38
29	37
30	36
31	35

Humidity in October

DryComfortableHumidMuggyOppressiveMiserable

Most of October feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.

By dew point, October lands in the dry band about 79% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Dry (%)	67	68	69	69	70	70	71	71	72	72	72	73	74	74	75	76	78	79	80	82	83	84	85	86	88	89	90	91	92	93	93
Comfortable (%)	33	32	31	31	30	30	29	29	28	28	28	27	26	26	25	24	22	21	20	18	17	16	15	14	12	11	10	9	8	7	7

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)
1	67	33
2	68	32
3	69	31
4	69	31
5	70	30
6	70	30
7	71	29
8	71	29
9	72	28
10	72	28
11	72	28
12	73	27
13	74	26
14	74	26
15	75	25
16	76	24
17	78	22
18	79	21
19	80	20
20	82	18
21	83	17
22	84	16
23	85	15
24	86	14
25	88	12
26	89	11
27	90	10
28	91	9
29	92	8
30	93	7
31	93	7

Wind in October

Winds average 6 km/h in October.

Across October, daily wind ranges from about 5 km/h on the calmest days to 6 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Wind speed (km/h)	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	5	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6
Feels	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm	calm

	Wind speed (km/h)	Feels
1	5	calm
2	5	calm
3	5	calm
4	5	calm
5	5	calm
6	5	calm
7	5	calm
8	5	calm
9	5	calm
10	5	calm
11	5	calm
12	6	calm
13	6	calm
14	6	calm
15	6	calm
16	6	calm
17	6	calm
18	6	calm
19	6	calm
20	6	calm
21	6	calm
22	6	calm
23	6	calm
24	6	calm
25	6	calm
26	6	calm
27	6	calm
28	6	calm
29	6	calm
30	6	calm
31	6	calm

Sunrise & sunset in October

DaylightNight

Daylight runs from about 11 h 48 min at the start of October to 11 h 18 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.

Days shrink by about 30 minutes over October. Sunrise moves from 6:37 AM to 6:47 AM, and sunset from 6:26 PM to 6:04 PM.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Daylight (h)	11.8	11.8	11.8	11.8	11.7	11.7	11.7	11.7	11.7	11.7	11.6	11.6	11.6	11.6	11.6	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.5	11.4	11.4	11.4	11.4	11.4	11.3	11.3	11.3	11.3	11.3
Sunrise (AM)	6:37	6:37	6:37	6:37	6:38	6:38	6:38	6:38	6:39	6:39	6:39	6:40	6:40	6:40	6:41	6:41	6:41	6:42	6:42	6:42	6:43	6:43	6:44	6:44	6:45	6:45	6:45	6:46	6:46	6:47	6:47
Sunset (PM)	6:26	6:25	6:24	6:23	6:22	6:21	6:21	6:20	6:19	6:18	6:17	6:17	6:16	6:15	6:14	6:14	6:13	6:12	6:11	6:11	6:10	6:09	6:09	6:08	6:08	6:07	6:06	6:06	6:05	6:05	6:04

	Daylight (h)	Sunrise (AM)	Sunset (PM)
1	11.8	6:37	6:26
2	11.8	6:37	6:25
3	11.8	6:37	6:24
4	11.8	6:37	6:23
5	11.7	6:38	6:22
6	11.7	6:38	6:21
7	11.7	6:38	6:21
8	11.7	6:38	6:20
9	11.7	6:39	6:19
10	11.7	6:39	6:18
11	11.6	6:39	6:17
12	11.6	6:40	6:17
13	11.6	6:40	6:16
14	11.6	6:40	6:15
15	11.6	6:41	6:14
16	11.5	6:41	6:14
17	11.5	6:41	6:13
18	11.5	6:42	6:12
19	11.5	6:42	6:11
20	11.5	6:42	6:11
21	11.5	6:43	6:10
22	11.4	6:43	6:09
23	11.4	6:44	6:09
24	11.4	6:44	6:08
25	11.4	6:45	6:08
26	11.4	6:45	6:07
27	11.3	6:45	6:06
28	11.3	6:46	6:06
29	11.3	6:46	6:05
30	11.3	6:47	6:05
31	11.3	6:47	6:04

Solar energy in October

Daily solar energy (kWh/m²)

Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in October, about 5.22 kWh/m².

For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.92 kWh/m² to a high of 7.45 kWh/m² in April across the year — October's 5.22 kWh/m² falls in the middle.

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31
Solar energy (kWh/m²)	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2
Level	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright	Bright

	Solar energy (kWh/m²)	Level
1	5.2	Bright
2	5.2	Bright
3	5.2	Bright
4	5.2	Bright
5	5.2	Bright
6	5.2	Bright
7	5.2	Bright
8	5.2	Bright
9	5.2	Bright
10	5.2	Bright
11	5.2	Bright
12	5.2	Bright
13	5.2	Bright
14	5.2	Bright
15	5.2	Bright
16	5.2	Bright
17	5.2	Bright
18	5.2	Bright
19	5.2	Bright
20	5.2	Bright
21	5.2	Bright
22	5.2	Bright
23	5.2	Bright
24	5.2	Bright
25	5.2	Bright
26	5.2	Bright
27	5.2	Bright
28	5.2	Bright
29	5.2	Bright
30	5.2	Bright
31	5.2	Bright

Planning a trip in October

Hazard calendar for Ciudad Hidalgo

In seasonPeak

None of Ciudad Hidalgo's seasonal hazards are active in October. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.

Ciudad Hidalgo's monsoon runs June–September, when most of the year's rain falls.

Monsoon

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Is October a good time to visit Ciudad Hidalgo?

Our two travel scores rate October for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).

5.9

Sightseeing

8th-best month of the year

4.2

Beach & pool

7th-best month of the year

October is a reasonable time to visit Ciudad Hidalgo for sightseeing.

What to pack for Ciudad Hidalgo in October

From October's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.

In October, Ciudad Hidalgo sees daytime highs around 22°C and nights near 10°C. Pack rain gear. Worth having: light clothes and sun protection. About 15 days see rain.

rain gearlight clothessun protection

UV index in Ciudad Hidalgo in October

LowModerateHighVery highExtreme

Clear-sky midday UV in October peaks around 11 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.

Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Ciudad Hidalgo peaks around June 15 at about 14 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 15 at about 8 (very high).

The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
UV index (midday)	9	11	14	14	13	14	12	13	12	11	9	7
Level	Very high	Extreme	Extreme	Extreme	Extreme	Extreme	Extreme	Extreme	Extreme	Extreme	Very high	Very high

	UV index (midday)	Level
Jan	9	Very high
Feb	11	Extreme
Mar	14	Extreme
Apr	14	Extreme
May	13	Extreme
Jun	14	Extreme
Jul	12	Extreme
Aug	13	Extreme
Sep	12	Extreme
Oct	11	Extreme
Nov	9	Very high
Dec	7	Very high

Air quality in Ciudad Hidalgo in October

GoodModeratePoorUnhealthyVery unhealthy

Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where October falls, not just the annual average.

Air quality in Ciudad Hidalgo is worst in September — around 40 µg/m³ PM2.5 (poor), about 1.8× the cleanest month (March, 22 µg/m³).

Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
PM2.5 (µg/m³)	28	25	22	37	39	33	38	37	40	35	36	34
Level	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Poor	Poor	Moderate	Poor	Poor	Poor	Poor	Poor	Moderate

	PM2.5 (µg/m³)	Level
Jan	28	Moderate
Feb	25	Moderate
Mar	22	Moderate
Apr	37	Poor
May	39	Poor
Jun	33	Moderate
Jul	38	Poor
Aug	37	Poor
Sep	40	Poor
Oct	35	Poor
Nov	36	Poor
Dec	34	Moderate

Location & terrain

Where is Ciudad Hidalgo?

Ciudad Hidalgo sits at 19.7°N, 100.6°W, 2,027 m above sea level, in Mexico. The nearest listed city is Maravatío de Ocampo, 25 km away.

Topography around Ciudad Hidalgo

How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Ciudad Hidalgo.

Within 3 km, the terrain around Ciudad Hidalgo has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 425 m around an average of 2,112 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,862 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 3,210 m.

The land around Ciudad Hidalgo is covered by artificial surfaces (35%), grassland (34%) and trees (24%) within 3 km, trees (61%) and grassland (22%) within 16 km, and trees (44%), grassland (20%) and cropland (20%) within 80 km.

3 km

425 m

artificial surfaces 35%

16 km

1,862 m

trees 61%

80 km

3,210 m

trees 44%

treesshrubsgrasslandcroplandartificial surfaceswater

← September Ciudad Hidalgo year-round climate November →Best places to visit in October

October weather nearby: Maravatío de Ocampo 25 km · Zinapécuaro de Figueroa 34 km · Heróica Zitácuaro 35 km · Acámbaro 42 km · Tuzantla 54 km · Morelia 66 km · Salvatierra 68 km · Valle de Bravo 71 km

Mexico travel facts

Travel advisory: Level 2; Exercise Increased Caution
Power plugs: Type A / B; 120 / 127 V · 60 Hz
Prices: ≈ 54% of US; price level, 2025
GDP per capita: $13,889; 2025
Happiness: 7.0 / 10; World Happiness, 2025
Safe drinking water: 43%; of population, 2024
Homicide rate: 24.9; per 100k, 2023
Road deaths: 12.8; per 100k/yr, 2019
Income group: Upper middle; World Bank
English: Very low; EF EPI 440
Religion

Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.

Data sources

Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Ciudad Hidalgo (19.6896°, -100.555°, elevation 2,027 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	22	11
2	22	11
3	22	11
4	22	11
5	22	11
6	22	11
7	22	11
8	22	11
9	22	11
10	22	11
11	22	11
12	22	11
13	22	11
14	22	10
15	22	10
16	22	10
17	22	10
18	22	10
19	22	10
20	22	10
21	22	10
22	22	10
23	22	9
24	22	9
25	22	9
26	22	9
27	22	9
28	22	9
29	22	9
30	22	9
31	22	9

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	29	71
2	29	71
3	30	70
4	30	70
5	30	70
6	31	69
7	32	68
8	33	67
9	34	66
10	34	66
11	34	66
12	35	65
13	35	65
14	36	64
15	37	63
16	38	62
17	39	61
18	40	60
19	42	58
20	44	56
21	45	55
22	46	54
23	48	52
24	50	50
25	52	48
26	54	46
27	55	45
28	57	43
29	58	42
30	59	41
31	60	40

	Rain chance (%)
1	61
2	60
3	60
4	59
5	59
6	58
7	57
8	56
9	56
10	55
11	54
12	54
13	53
14	52
15	51
16	50
17	49
18	47
19	46
20	44
21	43
22	42
23	41
24	41
25	40
26	40
27	39
28	38
29	37
30	36
31	35

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)
1	67	33
2	68	32
3	69	31
4	69	31
5	70	30
6	70	30
7	71	29
8	71	29
9	72	28
10	72	28
11	72	28
12	73	27
13	74	26
14	74	26
15	75	25
16	76	24
17	78	22
18	79	21
19	80	20
20	82	18
21	83	17
22	84	16
23	85	15
24	86	14
25	88	12
26	89	11
27	90	10
28	91	9
29	92	8
30	93	7
31	93	7

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	22	11
2	22	11
3	22	11
4	22	11
5	22	11
6	22	11
7	22	11
8	22	11
9	22	11
10	22	11
11	22	11
12	22	11
13	22	11
14	22	10
15	22	10
16	22	10
17	22	10
18	22	10
19	22	10
20	22	10
21	22	10
22	22	10
23	22	9
24	22	9
25	22	9
26	22	9
27	22	9
28	22	9
29	22	9
30	22	9
31	22	9

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	29	71
2	29	71
3	30	70
4	30	70
5	30	70
6	31	69
7	32	68
8	33	67
9	34	66
10	34	66
11	34	66
12	35	65
13	35	65
14	36	64
15	37	63
16	38	62
17	39	61
18	40	60
19	42	58
20	44	56
21	45	55
22	46	54
23	48	52
24	50	50
25	52	48
26	54	46
27	55	45
28	57	43
29	58	42
30	59	41
31	60	40

	Rain chance (%)
1	61
2	60
3	60
4	59
5	59
6	58
7	57
8	56
9	56
10	55
11	54
12	54
13	53
14	52
15	51
16	50
17	49
18	47
19	46
20	44
21	43
22	42
23	41
24	41
25	40
26	40
27	39
28	38
29	37
30	36
31	35

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)
1	67	33
2	68	32
3	69	31
4	69	31
5	70	30
6	70	30
7	71	29
8	71	29
9	72	28
10	72	28
11	72	28
12	73	27
13	74	26
14	74	26
15	75	25
16	76	24
17	78	22
18	79	21
19	80	20
20	82	18
21	83	17
22	84	16
23	85	15
24	86	14
25	88	12
26	89	11
27	90	10
28	91	9
29	92	8
30	93	7
31	93	7

	Avg high (°C)	Avg low (°C)
1	22	11
2	22	11
3	22	11
4	22	11
5	22	11
6	22	11
7	22	11
8	22	11
9	22	11
10	22	11
11	22	11
12	22	11
13	22	11
14	22	10
15	22	10
16	22	10
17	22	10
18	22	10
19	22	10
20	22	10
21	22	10
22	22	10
23	22	9
24	22	9
25	22	9
26	22	9
27	22	9
28	22	9
29	22	9
30	22	9
31	22	9

	Clearer (%)	Cloudier (%)
1	29	71
2	29	71
3	30	70
4	30	70
5	30	70
6	31	69
7	32	68
8	33	67
9	34	66
10	34	66
11	34	66
12	35	65
13	35	65
14	36	64
15	37	63
16	38	62
17	39	61
18	40	60
19	42	58
20	44	56
21	45	55
22	46	54
23	48	52
24	50	50
25	52	48
26	54	46
27	55	45
28	57	43
29	58	42
30	59	41
31	60	40

	Rain chance (%)
1	61
2	60
3	60
4	59
5	59
6	58
7	57
8	56
9	56
10	55
11	54
12	54
13	53
14	52
15	51
16	50
17	49
18	47
19	46
20	44
21	43
22	42
23	41
24	41
25	40
26	40
27	39
28	38
29	37
30	36
31	35

	Dry (%)	Comfortable (%)
1	67	33
2	68	32
3	69	31
4	69	31
5	70	30
6	70	30
7	71	29
8	71	29
9	72	28
10	72	28
11	72	28
12	73	27
13	74	26
14	74	26
15	75	25
16	76	24
17	78	22
18	79	21
19	80	20
20	82	18
21	83	17
22	84	16
23	85	15
24	86	14
25	88	12
26	89	11
27	90	10
28	91	9
29	92	8
30	93	7
31	93	7