Madera weather in March
In March, Madera sees average daytime highs of 18°C and overnight lows near 3°C, with 25 mm of precipitation across 4 wet days and about 11.8 hours of daylight. It is the 8th-warmest and 10th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 16°C in the first days to 19°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 60% of the time in March, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 11 h 18 min at the start of March to 12 h 12 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, March is Madera's 5th-clearest and 3rd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Madera's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 18°
- 8th warmest
- Overnight low
- 3°
- 4th coldest
- Precipitation
- 25 mm
- 4 wet days
- Daylight
- 11 h 48 min
- 6:29 AM – 6:16 PM
- Cloud cover
- 36%
- 5th clearest
- Wind
- 8 km/h
- 3rd windiest
- Solar energy
- 6.43 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 7.0
- out of 10
Madera is municipal seat of Madera, State of Chihuahua, Mexico.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in March
Highs climb over the month, from about 16°C in the first days to 19°C by the end.
A typical March day in Madera reaches about 18°C in the afternoon and slips back to 3°C overnight — a 15°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 12°C and 22°C. Set against its neighbours, March runs about 3°C warmer than February and about 4°C cooler than April.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 |
| Avg low (°C) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 16 | 1 |
| 2 | 16 | 1 |
| 3 | 16 | 1 |
| 4 | 16 | 2 |
| 5 | 17 | 2 |
| 6 | 17 | 2 |
| 7 | 17 | 2 |
| 8 | 17 | 2 |
| 9 | 17 | 2 |
| 10 | 17 | 2 |
| 11 | 17 | 2 |
| 12 | 17 | 2 |
| 13 | 17 | 2 |
| 14 | 18 | 2 |
| 15 | 18 | 2 |
| 16 | 18 | 3 |
| 17 | 18 | 3 |
| 18 | 18 | 3 |
| 19 | 18 | 3 |
| 20 | 18 | 3 |
| 21 | 18 | 3 |
| 22 | 19 | 3 |
| 23 | 19 | 3 |
| 24 | 19 | 3 |
| 25 | 19 | 3 |
| 26 | 19 | 3 |
| 27 | 19 | 3 |
| 28 | 19 | 3 |
| 29 | 19 | 4 |
| 30 | 19 | 4 |
| 31 | 19 | 4 |
How March really feels in Madera
Once humidity and wind are folded in, March averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 15 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in March is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Madera weather by month
How March compares with the rest of the year at a glance. March is the 8th-warmest and 10th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 13° / -0° | 35 | 4.7 | 1.5 | 10.3 | 4.6 |
| Feb | 15° / 1° | 40 | 5.3 | 2.2 | 11 | 5.2 |
| Mar | 18° / 3° | 25 | 4 | 1.2 | 11.8 | 7.0 |
| Apr | 22° / 5° | 12 | 2.3 | 0.2 | 12.7 | 8.3 |
| May | 26° / 9° | 12 | 2.8 | 0 | 13.4 | 8.5 |
| Jun | 29° / 13° | 48 | 9.4 | 0 | 13.8 | 6.0 |
| Jul | 27° / 14° | 222 | 23.9 | 0 | 13.7 | 4.5 |
| Aug | 26° / 14° | 173 | 21.7 | 0 | 13 | 5.0 |
| Sep | 25° / 12° | 79 | 12.3 | 0 | 12.2 | 6.7 |
| Oct | 22° / 8° | 36 | 5.1 | 0.1 | 11.3 | 8.0 |
| Nov | 18° / 3° | 27 | 3.6 | 0.4 | 10.5 | 7.0 |
| Dec | 14° / 0° | 42 | 4.6 | 2.1 | 10.2 | 4.7 |
Cloud cover in March
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 60% of the time in March.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 13% of March, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 27%. Skies tend to open up as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 67 | 67 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 | 69 | 70 | 70 | 71 | 71 | 72 | 73 | 74 | 74 | 74 | 75 | 75 | 75 | 76 | 76 | 76 | 76 | 76 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 76 | 76 |
| Cloudier (%) | 33 | 33 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 31 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 24 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 67 | 33 |
| 2 | 67 | 33 |
| 3 | 68 | 32 |
| 4 | 68 | 32 |
| 5 | 68 | 32 |
| 6 | 68 | 32 |
| 7 | 69 | 31 |
| 8 | 70 | 30 |
| 9 | 70 | 30 |
| 10 | 71 | 29 |
| 11 | 71 | 29 |
| 12 | 72 | 28 |
| 13 | 73 | 27 |
| 14 | 74 | 26 |
| 15 | 74 | 26 |
| 16 | 74 | 26 |
| 17 | 75 | 25 |
| 18 | 75 | 25 |
| 19 | 75 | 25 |
| 20 | 76 | 24 |
| 21 | 76 | 24 |
| 22 | 76 | 24 |
| 23 | 76 | 24 |
| 24 | 76 | 24 |
| 25 | 77 | 23 |
| 26 | 77 | 23 |
| 27 | 77 | 23 |
| 28 | 77 | 23 |
| 29 | 77 | 23 |
| 30 | 76 | 24 |
| 31 | 76 | 24 |
Chance of precipitation in March
Madera gets around 25 mm of rain and snow over 4 wet days in March. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 13% and peaks near 16% on the wettest days, and about 1 day brings snow. The odds ease toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 7 |
| Snow chance (%) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 16 | 6 |
| 2 | 16 | 6 |
| 3 | 15 | 6 |
| 4 | 15 | 5 |
| 5 | 15 | 5 |
| 6 | 15 | 5 |
| 7 | 15 | 5 |
| 8 | 15 | 5 |
| 9 | 15 | 5 |
| 10 | 15 | 5 |
| 11 | 15 | 5 |
| 12 | 15 | 5 |
| 13 | 15 | 5 |
| 14 | 15 | 5 |
| 15 | 15 | 5 |
| 16 | 15 | 4 |
| 17 | 14 | 4 |
| 18 | 14 | 4 |
| 19 | 13 | 4 |
| 20 | 13 | 4 |
| 21 | 12 | 4 |
| 22 | 12 | 4 |
| 23 | 11 | 3 |
| 24 | 11 | 3 |
| 25 | 10 | 3 |
| 26 | 10 | 3 |
| 27 | 9 | 2 |
| 28 | 9 | 2 |
| 29 | 8 | 2 |
| 30 | 8 | 2 |
| 31 | 7 | 2 |
Humidity in March
Most of March feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, March lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
| 31 | 100 |
Wind in March
Winds average 8 km/h in March.
Across March, daily wind ranges from about 8 km/h on the calmest days to 9 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 8 | calm |
| 2 | 8 | calm |
| 3 | 8 | calm |
| 4 | 8 | calm |
| 5 | 8 | calm |
| 6 | 8 | calm |
| 7 | 8 | calm |
| 8 | 8 | calm |
| 9 | 8 | calm |
| 10 | 8 | calm |
| 11 | 8 | calm |
| 12 | 8 | calm |
| 13 | 8 | calm |
| 14 | 8 | calm |
| 15 | 8 | calm |
| 16 | 8 | calm |
| 17 | 8 | calm |
| 18 | 8 | calm |
| 19 | 8 | calm |
| 20 | 9 | calm |
| 21 | 9 | calm |
| 22 | 9 | calm |
| 23 | 9 | calm |
| 24 | 9 | calm |
| 25 | 9 | calm |
| 26 | 9 | calm |
| 27 | 9 | calm |
| 28 | 9 | calm |
| 29 | 9 | calm |
| 30 | 9 | calm |
| 31 | 9 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in March
Daylight runs from about 11 h 18 min at the start of March to 12 h 12 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 54 minutes over March. Sunrise moves from 6:46 AM to 6:11 AM, and sunset from 6:06 PM to 6:25 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.3 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 11.9 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.1 | 12.2 | 12.2 | 12.2 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:46 | 6:45 | 6:43 | 6:42 | 6:41 | 6:40 | 6:39 | 6:38 | 6:37 | 6:36 | 6:35 | 6:33 | 6:32 | 6:31 | 6:30 | 6:29 | 6:28 | 6:26 | 6:25 | 6:24 | 6:23 | 6:22 | 6:20 | 6:19 | 6:18 | 6:17 | 6:15 | 6:14 | 6:13 | 6:12 | 6:11 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:06 | 6:07 | 6:07 | 6:08 | 6:09 | 6:09 | 6:10 | 6:11 | 6:11 | 6:12 | 6:13 | 6:13 | 6:14 | 6:14 | 6:15 | 6:16 | 6:16 | 6:17 | 6:18 | 6:18 | 6:19 | 6:19 | 6:20 | 6:20 | 6:21 | 6:22 | 6:22 | 6:23 | 6:23 | 6:24 | 6:25 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.3 | 6:46 | 6:06 |
| 2 | 11.4 | 6:45 | 6:07 |
| 3 | 11.4 | 6:43 | 6:07 |
| 4 | 11.4 | 6:42 | 6:08 |
| 5 | 11.5 | 6:41 | 6:09 |
| 6 | 11.5 | 6:40 | 6:09 |
| 7 | 11.5 | 6:39 | 6:10 |
| 8 | 11.5 | 6:38 | 6:11 |
| 9 | 11.6 | 6:37 | 6:11 |
| 10 | 11.6 | 6:36 | 6:12 |
| 11 | 11.6 | 6:35 | 6:13 |
| 12 | 11.7 | 6:33 | 6:13 |
| 13 | 11.7 | 6:32 | 6:14 |
| 14 | 11.7 | 6:31 | 6:14 |
| 15 | 11.8 | 6:30 | 6:15 |
| 16 | 11.8 | 6:29 | 6:16 |
| 17 | 11.8 | 6:28 | 6:16 |
| 18 | 11.8 | 6:26 | 6:17 |
| 19 | 11.9 | 6:25 | 6:18 |
| 20 | 11.9 | 6:24 | 6:18 |
| 21 | 11.9 | 6:23 | 6:19 |
| 22 | 12.0 | 6:22 | 6:19 |
| 23 | 12.0 | 6:20 | 6:20 |
| 24 | 12.0 | 6:19 | 6:20 |
| 25 | 12.1 | 6:18 | 6:21 |
| 26 | 12.1 | 6:17 | 6:22 |
| 27 | 12.1 | 6:15 | 6:22 |
| 28 | 12.1 | 6:14 | 6:23 |
| 29 | 12.2 | 6:13 | 6:23 |
| 30 | 12.2 | 6:12 | 6:24 |
| 31 | 12.2 | 6:11 | 6:25 |
Solar energy in March
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in March, about 6.43 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 3.81 kWh/m² to a high of 8.15 kWh/m² in May across the year — March's 6.43 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.7 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.1 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense | Intense |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 7 | 6.0 | Bright |
| 8 | 6.0 | Intense |
| 9 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 10 | 6.1 | Intense |
| 11 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 12 | 6.2 | Intense |
| 13 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 14 | 6.3 | Intense |
| 15 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 16 | 6.4 | Intense |
| 17 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 18 | 6.5 | Intense |
| 19 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 20 | 6.6 | Intense |
| 21 | 6.7 | Intense |
| 22 | 6.7 | Intense |
| 23 | 6.8 | Intense |
| 24 | 6.8 | Intense |
| 25 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 26 | 6.9 | Intense |
| 27 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 28 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 29 | 7.0 | Intense |
| 30 | 7.1 | Intense |
| 31 | 7.1 | Intense |
Hazard calendar for Madera
None of Madera's seasonal hazards are active in March. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.
Madera's monsoon runs July–August, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is March a good time to visit Madera?
Our two travel scores rate March for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
March is one of the better times to visit Madera for general sightseeing.
What to pack for Madera in March
From March's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In March, Madera sees daytime highs around 18°C and nights near 3°C. Pack sun protection. Worth having: a warm layer. About 4 days see rain.
UV index in Madera in March
Clear-sky midday UV in March peaks around 10 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Madera peaks around June 18 at about 13 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 18 at about 5 (moderate).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 6 | 7 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 11 | 8 | 6 | 5 |
| Level | High | High | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | High | Moderate |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 6 | High |
| Feb | 7 | High |
| Mar | 10 | Very high |
| Apr | 12 | Extreme |
| May | 12 | Extreme |
| Jun | 14 | Extreme |
| Jul | 13 | Extreme |
| Aug | 12 | Extreme |
| Sep | 11 | Extreme |
| Oct | 8 | Very high |
| Nov | 6 | High |
| Dec | 5 | Moderate |
Where is Madera?
Madera sits at 29.2°N, 108.1°W, 2,117 m above sea level, in Mexico. The nearest listed city is Nuevo Casas Grandes, 138 km away.
Topography around Madera
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Madera.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Madera has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 268 m around an average of 2,145 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,421 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 2,480 m.
The land around Madera is covered by trees (35%) and grassland (33%) within 3 km, trees (68%) and grassland (23%) within 16 km, and trees (60%) and grassland (24%) within 80 km.
Mexico travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type A / B
- 120 / 127 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 54% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $13,889
- 2025
- Happiness
- 7.0 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 43%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 24.9
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 12.8
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Very low
- EF EPI 440
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Madera (29.1927°, -108.1433°, elevation 2,117 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).