Covilhã weather in April
In April, Covilhã sees average daytime highs of 16°C and overnight lows near 7°C, with 95 mm of precipitation across 11.6 wet days and about 13 hours of daylight. It is the 7th-warmest and 5th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 15°C in the first days to 17°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 29% of the time in April, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 12 h 24 min at the start of April to 13 h 36 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, April is Covilhã's 10th-clearest and 2nd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Covilhã's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 16°
- 7th warmest
- Overnight low
- 7°
- 6th coldest
- Precipitation
- 95 mm
- 11.6 wet days
- Daylight
- 13 h 06 min
- 5:58 AM – 7:02 PM
- Cloud cover
- 59%
- 10th clearest
- Wind
- 9 km/h
- 2nd windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.26 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 5.0
- out of 10
Covilhã is human settlement in Portugal.
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in April
Highs climb over the month, from about 15°C in the first days to 17°C by the end.
A typical April day in Covilhã reaches about 16°C in the afternoon and slips back to 7°C overnight — a 9°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 11°C and 23°C. Set against its neighbours, April runs about 2°C warmer than March and about 4°C cooler than May.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 18 |
| Avg low (°C) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 15 | 6 |
| 2 | 15 | 6 |
| 3 | 15 | 6 |
| 4 | 16 | 6 |
| 5 | 16 | 6 |
| 6 | 16 | 6 |
| 7 | 16 | 7 |
| 8 | 16 | 7 |
| 9 | 16 | 7 |
| 10 | 16 | 7 |
| 11 | 16 | 7 |
| 12 | 16 | 7 |
| 13 | 16 | 7 |
| 14 | 16 | 7 |
| 15 | 16 | 7 |
| 16 | 16 | 7 |
| 17 | 16 | 7 |
| 18 | 16 | 7 |
| 19 | 16 | 7 |
| 20 | 17 | 7 |
| 21 | 17 | 7 |
| 22 | 17 | 7 |
| 23 | 17 | 8 |
| 24 | 17 | 8 |
| 25 | 17 | 8 |
| 26 | 17 | 8 |
| 27 | 17 | 8 |
| 28 | 17 | 8 |
| 29 | 17 | 8 |
| 30 | 18 | 8 |
Covilhã weather by month
How April compares with the rest of the year at a glance. April is the 7th-warmest and 5th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 10° / 3° | 111 | 10.4 | 0.7 | 9.5 | 2.2 |
| Feb | 12° / 4° | 78 | 8.4 | 0.7 | 10.4 | 3.0 |
| Mar | 15° / 6° | 94 | 9.9 | 0.2 | 11.7 | 4.4 |
| Apr | 16° / 7° | 95 | 11.6 | 0.1 | 13 | 5.0 |
| May | 20° / 10° | 89 | 10.7 | 0 | 14.2 | 6.3 |
| Jun | 25° / 13° | 31 | 5.5 | 0 | 14.8 | 7.8 |
| Jul | 28° / 16° | 14 | 3.2 | 0 | 14.6 | 7.4 |
| Aug | 28° / 16° | 19 | 3.9 | 0 | 13.6 | 7.3 |
| Sep | 24° / 13° | 63 | 6.6 | 0 | 12.3 | 7.6 |
| Oct | 18° / 10° | 144 | 11.2 | 0 | 10.9 | 5.8 |
| Nov | 13° / 6° | 121 | 11.3 | 0.2 | 9.8 | 3.6 |
| Dec | 10° / 4° | 124 | 10.5 | 0.2 | 9.2 | 2.4 |
Cloud cover in April
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 29% of the time in April.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 14% of April, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 57%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 41 | 41 | 41 | 43 | 44 | 44 | 45 | 45 | 46 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 44 | 44 | 43 | 43 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 41 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 44 | 45 |
| Cloudier (%) | 59 | 59 | 59 | 57 | 56 | 56 | 55 | 55 | 54 | 55 | 55 | 55 | 55 | 56 | 56 | 57 | 57 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 58 | 59 | 59 | 58 | 57 | 58 | 57 | 56 | 56 | 55 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 41 | 59 |
| 2 | 41 | 59 |
| 3 | 41 | 59 |
| 4 | 43 | 57 |
| 5 | 44 | 56 |
| 6 | 44 | 56 |
| 7 | 45 | 55 |
| 8 | 45 | 55 |
| 9 | 46 | 54 |
| 10 | 45 | 55 |
| 11 | 45 | 55 |
| 12 | 45 | 55 |
| 13 | 45 | 55 |
| 14 | 44 | 56 |
| 15 | 44 | 56 |
| 16 | 43 | 57 |
| 17 | 43 | 57 |
| 18 | 42 | 58 |
| 19 | 42 | 58 |
| 20 | 42 | 58 |
| 21 | 42 | 58 |
| 22 | 41 | 59 |
| 23 | 41 | 59 |
| 24 | 42 | 58 |
| 25 | 43 | 57 |
| 26 | 42 | 58 |
| 27 | 43 | 57 |
| 28 | 44 | 56 |
| 29 | 44 | 56 |
| 30 | 45 | 55 |
Chance of precipitation in April
Covilhã gets around 95 mm of rain and snow over 11.6 wet days in April. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 38% and peaks near 40% on the wettest days, and about 0 day brings snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 39 | 39 | 39 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 39 | 39 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 37 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 38 |
| 2 | 38 |
| 3 | 38 |
| 4 | 38 |
| 5 | 38 |
| 6 | 37 |
| 7 | 37 |
| 8 | 37 |
| 9 | 37 |
| 10 | 37 |
| 11 | 37 |
| 12 | 38 |
| 13 | 38 |
| 14 | 38 |
| 15 | 39 |
| 16 | 39 |
| 17 | 39 |
| 18 | 40 |
| 19 | 40 |
| 20 | 40 |
| 21 | 40 |
| 22 | 40 |
| 23 | 40 |
| 24 | 39 |
| 25 | 39 |
| 26 | 38 |
| 27 | 38 |
| 28 | 38 |
| 29 | 37 |
| 30 | 37 |
Humidity in April
Most of April feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, April lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
Wind in April
Winds average 9 km/h in April.
Across April, daily wind ranges from about 9 km/h on the calmest days to 9 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 9 | calm |
| 2 | 9 | calm |
| 3 | 9 | calm |
| 4 | 9 | calm |
| 5 | 9 | calm |
| 6 | 9 | calm |
| 7 | 9 | calm |
| 8 | 9 | calm |
| 9 | 9 | calm |
| 10 | 9 | calm |
| 11 | 9 | calm |
| 12 | 9 | calm |
| 13 | 9 | calm |
| 14 | 9 | calm |
| 15 | 9 | calm |
| 16 | 9 | calm |
| 17 | 9 | calm |
| 18 | 9 | calm |
| 19 | 9 | calm |
| 20 | 9 | calm |
| 21 | 9 | calm |
| 22 | 9 | calm |
| 23 | 9 | calm |
| 24 | 9 | calm |
| 25 | 9 | calm |
| 26 | 9 | calm |
| 27 | 9 | calm |
| 28 | 9 | calm |
| 29 | 9 | calm |
| 30 | 9 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in April
Daylight runs from about 12 h 24 min at the start of April to 13 h 36 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 72 minutes over April. Sunrise moves from 6:23 AM to 5:38 AM, and sunset from 6:47 PM to 7:17 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.4 | 12.4 | 12.5 | 12.5 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.6 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:23 | 6:21 | 6:19 | 6:18 | 6:16 | 6:14 | 6:13 | 6:11 | 6:09 | 6:08 | 6:06 | 6:05 | 6:03 | 6:01 | 6:00 | 5:58 | 5:57 | 5:55 | 5:54 | 5:52 | 5:51 | 5:49 | 5:48 | 5:46 | 5:45 | 5:43 | 5:42 | 5:41 | 5:39 | 5:38 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:47 | 6:48 | 6:49 | 6:50 | 6:51 | 6:52 | 6:53 | 6:54 | 6:55 | 6:56 | 6:57 | 6:58 | 6:59 | 7:00 | 7:01 | 7:02 | 7:03 | 7:04 | 7:05 | 7:06 | 7:07 | 7:08 | 7:10 | 7:11 | 7:12 | 7:13 | 7:14 | 7:15 | 7:16 | 7:17 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.4 | 6:23 | 6:47 |
| 2 | 12.4 | 6:21 | 6:48 |
| 3 | 12.5 | 6:19 | 6:49 |
| 4 | 12.5 | 6:18 | 6:50 |
| 5 | 12.6 | 6:16 | 6:51 |
| 6 | 12.6 | 6:14 | 6:52 |
| 7 | 12.7 | 6:13 | 6:53 |
| 8 | 12.7 | 6:11 | 6:54 |
| 9 | 12.8 | 6:09 | 6:55 |
| 10 | 12.8 | 6:08 | 6:56 |
| 11 | 12.8 | 6:06 | 6:57 |
| 12 | 12.9 | 6:05 | 6:58 |
| 13 | 12.9 | 6:03 | 6:59 |
| 14 | 13.0 | 6:01 | 7:00 |
| 15 | 13.0 | 6:00 | 7:01 |
| 16 | 13.1 | 5:58 | 7:02 |
| 17 | 13.1 | 5:57 | 7:03 |
| 18 | 13.2 | 5:55 | 7:04 |
| 19 | 13.2 | 5:54 | 7:05 |
| 20 | 13.2 | 5:52 | 7:06 |
| 21 | 13.3 | 5:51 | 7:07 |
| 22 | 13.3 | 5:49 | 7:08 |
| 23 | 13.4 | 5:48 | 7:10 |
| 24 | 13.4 | 5:46 | 7:11 |
| 25 | 13.4 | 5:45 | 7:12 |
| 26 | 13.5 | 5:43 | 7:13 |
| 27 | 13.5 | 5:42 | 7:14 |
| 28 | 13.6 | 5:41 | 7:15 |
| 29 | 13.6 | 5:39 | 7:16 |
| 30 | 13.6 | 5:38 | 7:17 |
Solar energy in April
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in April, about 5.26 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 1.74 kWh/m² to a high of 7.61 kWh/m² in July across the year — April's 5.26 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.8 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 2 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 3 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 4 | 4.9 | Bright |
| 5 | 4.9 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.1 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 29 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 30 | 5.8 | Bright |
Hazard calendar for Covilhã
In April, Covilhã sits inside its rainy season season. The full year is below, with each hazard's peak months called out.
Covilhã's rainy season runs October–May, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is April a good time to visit Covilhã?
Our two travel scores rate April for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
April is a reasonable time to visit Covilhã for sightseeing.
What to pack for Covilhã in April
From April's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In April, Covilhã sees daytime highs around 16°C and nights near 7°C. Worth packing: a warm layer, rain gear and sun protection. About 12 days see rain.
UV index in Covilhã in April
Clear-sky midday UV in April peaks around 7 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Covilhã peaks around July 16 at about 9 (very high) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 20 at about 2 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 8 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 2 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 2 |
| Level | Low | Moderate | High | High | High | Very high | Very high | Very high | High | Moderate | Moderate | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2 | Low |
| Feb | 3 | Moderate |
| Mar | 6 | High |
| Apr | 7 | High |
| May | 7 | High |
| Jun | 9 | Very high |
| Jul | 9 | Very high |
| Aug | 9 | Very high |
| Sep | 6 | High |
| Oct | 5 | Moderate |
| Nov | 2 | Moderate |
| Dec | 2 | Low |
Air quality in Covilhã in April
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where April falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Covilhã is worst in August — around 40 µg/m³ PM2.5 (poor), about 6.0× the cleanest month (November, 7 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 8 | 10 | 13 | 10 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 40 | 13 | 26 | 7 | 7 |
| Level | Good | Good | Moderate | Good | Good | Good | Good | Poor | Moderate | Moderate | Good | Good |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 8 | Good |
| Feb | 10 | Good |
| Mar | 13 | Moderate |
| Apr | 10 | Good |
| May | 8 | Good |
| Jun | 10 | Good |
| Jul | 11 | Good |
| Aug | 40 | Poor |
| Sep | 13 | Moderate |
| Oct | 26 | Moderate |
| Nov | 7 | Good |
| Dec | 7 | Good |
Where is Covilhã?
Covilhã sits at 40.3°N, 7.5°W, 700 m above sea level, in Portugal. The nearest listed city is Guarda, 35 km away.
Topography around Covilhã
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Covilhã.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Covilhã has large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 942 m around an average of 716 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,614 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,975 m.
The land around Covilhã is covered by grassland (42%) and trees (33%) within 3 km, grassland (53%) and trees (35%) within 16 km, and grassland (47%) and trees (46%) within 80 km.
Portugal travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type C / E / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 60% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $32,082
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.0 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 95%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 0.7
- per 100k, 2022
- Road deaths
- 8.2
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Very high
- EF EPI 612
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Covilhã (40.2811°, -7.505°, elevation 700 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).