Kovdor weather in September
In September, Kovdor sees average daytime highs of 10°C and overnight lows near 3°C, with 55 mm of precipitation across 10.9 wet days and about 12.8 hours of daylight. It is the 4th-warmest and 4th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs ease over the month, from about 12°C in the first days to 7°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 6% of the time in September, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 14 h 42 min at the start of September to 10 h 54 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, September is Kovdor's 7th-clearest and 8th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Kovdor's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 10°
- 4th warmest
- Overnight low
- 3°
- 9th coldest
- Precipitation
- 55 mm
- 10.9 wet days
- Daylight
- 12 h 42 min
- 6:30 AM – 7:15 PM
- Cloud cover
- 82%
- 7th clearest
- Wind
- 12 km/h
- 8th windiest
- Solar energy
- 1.58 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 1.9
- out of 10
Kovdor is human settlement in Kirovsk, Kirovsk Urban Okrug, Murmansk Oblast, Russia.
- Density
- 2,440/km²
- people per km²
- Founded
- 1953
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in September
Highs ease over the month, from about 12°C in the first days to 7°C by the end.
A typical September day in Kovdor reaches about 10°C in the afternoon and slips back to 3°C overnight — a 6°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 5°C and 14°C. Set against its neighbours, September runs about 6°C cooler than August and about 8°C warmer than October.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 13 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 |
| Avg low (°C) | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 13 | 6 |
| 2 | 13 | 5 |
| 3 | 13 | 5 |
| 4 | 12 | 5 |
| 5 | 12 | 5 |
| 6 | 12 | 5 |
| 7 | 12 | 5 |
| 8 | 12 | 5 |
| 9 | 11 | 4 |
| 10 | 11 | 4 |
| 11 | 11 | 4 |
| 12 | 11 | 4 |
| 13 | 10 | 4 |
| 14 | 10 | 4 |
| 15 | 10 | 3 |
| 16 | 10 | 3 |
| 17 | 9 | 3 |
| 18 | 9 | 3 |
| 19 | 9 | 3 |
| 20 | 9 | 3 |
| 21 | 8 | 3 |
| 22 | 8 | 3 |
| 23 | 8 | 2 |
| 24 | 8 | 2 |
| 25 | 7 | 2 |
| 26 | 7 | 2 |
| 27 | 7 | 2 |
| 28 | 7 | 2 |
| 29 | 7 | 2 |
| 30 | 6 | 1 |
How September really feels in Kovdor
Once humidity and wind are folded in, September averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 13 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in September is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Kovdor weather by month
How September compares with the rest of the year at a glance. September is the 4th-warmest and 4th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | -9° / -15° | 28 | 8.4 | 10.2 | 2.4 | 0.0 |
| Feb | -9° / -14° | 23 | 7 | 9 | 7.1 | 0.0 |
| Mar | -3° / -10° | 28 | 7.7 | 9.8 | 11.1 | 0.0 |
| Apr | 2° / -5° | 32 | 8.9 | 8.3 | 15.1 | 0.0 |
| May | 8° / 1° | 51 | 11.5 | 5.2 | 19.4 | 1.4 |
| Jun | 14° / 6° | 71 | 12.7 | 0.7 | 23.8 | 3.8 |
| Jul | 18° / 10° | 84 | 14.2 | 0 | 21.9 | 5.0 |
| Aug | 15° / 8° | 69 | 12.5 | 0 | 16.9 | 4.2 |
| Sep | 10° / 3° | 55 | 10.9 | 1.2 | 12.8 | 1.9 |
| Oct | 2° / -2° | 53 | 10.8 | 6.7 | 8.8 | 0.0 |
| Nov | -3° / -8° | 35 | 9.6 | 10.4 | 4.4 | 0.0 |
| Dec | -6° / -11° | 32 | 9.4 | 11.4 | 0.2 | 0.0 |
Cloud cover in September
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 6% of the time in September.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 8% of September, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 86%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 17 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Cloudier (%) | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 83 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 86 | 87 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 | 88 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 17 | 83 |
| 2 | 17 | 83 |
| 3 | 17 | 83 |
| 4 | 17 | 83 |
| 5 | 17 | 83 |
| 6 | 17 | 83 |
| 7 | 17 | 83 |
| 8 | 17 | 83 |
| 9 | 17 | 83 |
| 10 | 17 | 83 |
| 11 | 14 | 86 |
| 12 | 14 | 86 |
| 13 | 14 | 86 |
| 14 | 14 | 86 |
| 15 | 14 | 86 |
| 16 | 13 | 87 |
| 17 | 12 | 88 |
| 18 | 12 | 88 |
| 19 | 12 | 88 |
| 20 | 12 | 88 |
| 21 | 12 | 88 |
| 22 | 12 | 88 |
| 23 | 12 | 88 |
| 24 | 12 | 88 |
| 25 | 12 | 88 |
| 26 | 12 | 88 |
| 27 | 12 | 88 |
| 28 | 12 | 88 |
| 29 | 12 | 88 |
| 30 | 12 | 88 |
Chance of precipitation in September
Kovdor gets around 55 mm of rain and snow over 10.9 wet days in September. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 36% and peaks near 38% on the wettest days, and about 1 day brings snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 38 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 |
| Snow chance (%) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 10 | 10 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 35 | 0 |
| 2 | 35 | 0 |
| 3 | 35 | 1 |
| 4 | 35 | 1 |
| 5 | 35 | 1 |
| 6 | 35 | 1 |
| 7 | 35 | 1 |
| 8 | 35 | 1 |
| 9 | 36 | 2 |
| 10 | 36 | 2 |
| 11 | 36 | 2 |
| 12 | 36 | 2 |
| 13 | 36 | 2 |
| 14 | 37 | 3 |
| 15 | 37 | 3 |
| 16 | 37 | 3 |
| 17 | 37 | 4 |
| 18 | 37 | 4 |
| 19 | 38 | 5 |
| 20 | 38 | 5 |
| 21 | 38 | 6 |
| 22 | 37 | 6 |
| 23 | 37 | 7 |
| 24 | 37 | 7 |
| 25 | 37 | 8 |
| 26 | 36 | 8 |
| 27 | 36 | 9 |
| 28 | 36 | 9 |
| 29 | 36 | 10 |
| 30 | 36 | 10 |
Humidity in September
Most of September feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, September lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Comfortable (%) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 99 | 1 |
| 2 | 99 | 1 |
| 3 | 99 | 1 |
| 4 | 99 | 1 |
| 5 | 100 | 0 |
| 6 | 100 | 0 |
| 7 | 100 | 0 |
| 8 | 100 | 0 |
| 9 | 100 | 0 |
| 10 | 100 | 0 |
| 11 | 100 | 0 |
| 12 | 100 | 0 |
| 13 | 100 | 0 |
| 14 | 100 | 0 |
| 15 | 100 | 0 |
| 16 | 100 | 0 |
| 17 | 100 | 0 |
| 18 | 100 | 0 |
| 19 | 100 | 0 |
| 20 | 100 | 0 |
| 21 | 100 | 0 |
| 22 | 100 | 0 |
| 23 | 100 | 0 |
| 24 | 100 | 0 |
| 25 | 100 | 0 |
| 26 | 100 | 0 |
| 27 | 100 | 0 |
| 28 | 100 | 0 |
| 29 | 100 | 0 |
| 30 | 100 | 0 |
Wind in September
Winds average 12 km/h in September.
Across September, daily wind ranges from about 11 km/h on the calmest days to 12 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11 | calm |
| 2 | 11 | calm |
| 3 | 11 | calm |
| 4 | 11 | calm |
| 5 | 11 | calm |
| 6 | 11 | calm |
| 7 | 11 | calm |
| 8 | 11 | calm |
| 9 | 11 | calm |
| 10 | 11 | calm |
| 11 | 11 | calm |
| 12 | 11 | calm |
| 13 | 11 | calm |
| 14 | 11 | calm |
| 15 | 12 | calm |
| 16 | 12 | calm |
| 17 | 12 | calm |
| 18 | 12 | calm |
| 19 | 12 | calm |
| 20 | 12 | calm |
| 21 | 12 | calm |
| 22 | 12 | calm |
| 23 | 12 | calm |
| 24 | 12 | calm |
| 25 | 12 | calm |
| 26 | 12 | calm |
| 27 | 12 | calm |
| 28 | 12 | calm |
| 29 | 12 | calm |
| 30 | 12 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in September
Daylight runs from about 14 h 42 min at the start of September to 10 h 54 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 228 minutes over September. Sunrise moves from 5:36 AM to 7:20 AM, and sunset from 8:19 PM to 6:15 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 14.7 | 14.6 | 14.5 | 14.3 | 14.2 | 14.1 | 13.9 | 13.8 | 13.7 | 13.5 | 13.4 | 13.3 | 13.1 | 13.0 | 12.9 | 12.7 | 12.6 | 12.5 | 12.4 | 12.2 | 12.1 | 12.0 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 11.1 | 10.9 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 5:36 | 5:40 | 5:43 | 5:47 | 5:51 | 5:54 | 5:58 | 6:01 | 6:05 | 6:09 | 6:12 | 6:16 | 6:19 | 6:23 | 6:26 | 6:30 | 6:33 | 6:37 | 6:41 | 6:44 | 6:48 | 6:51 | 6:55 | 6:58 | 7:02 | 7:05 | 7:09 | 7:13 | 7:16 | 7:20 |
| Sunset (PM) | 8:19 | 8:15 | 8:11 | 8:07 | 8:02 | 7:58 | 7:54 | 7:49 | 7:45 | 7:41 | 7:36 | 7:32 | 7:28 | 7:23 | 7:19 | 7:15 | 7:11 | 7:06 | 7:02 | 6:58 | 6:53 | 6:49 | 6:45 | 6:41 | 6:36 | 6:32 | 6:28 | 6:24 | 6:19 | 6:15 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 14.7 | 5:36 | 8:19 |
| 2 | 14.6 | 5:40 | 8:15 |
| 3 | 14.5 | 5:43 | 8:11 |
| 4 | 14.3 | 5:47 | 8:07 |
| 5 | 14.2 | 5:51 | 8:02 |
| 6 | 14.1 | 5:54 | 7:58 |
| 7 | 13.9 | 5:58 | 7:54 |
| 8 | 13.8 | 6:01 | 7:49 |
| 9 | 13.7 | 6:05 | 7:45 |
| 10 | 13.5 | 6:09 | 7:41 |
| 11 | 13.4 | 6:12 | 7:36 |
| 12 | 13.3 | 6:16 | 7:32 |
| 13 | 13.1 | 6:19 | 7:28 |
| 14 | 13.0 | 6:23 | 7:23 |
| 15 | 12.9 | 6:26 | 7:19 |
| 16 | 12.7 | 6:30 | 7:15 |
| 17 | 12.6 | 6:33 | 7:11 |
| 18 | 12.5 | 6:37 | 7:06 |
| 19 | 12.4 | 6:41 | 7:02 |
| 20 | 12.2 | 6:44 | 6:58 |
| 21 | 12.1 | 6:48 | 6:53 |
| 22 | 12.0 | 6:51 | 6:49 |
| 23 | 11.8 | 6:55 | 6:45 |
| 24 | 11.7 | 6:58 | 6:41 |
| 25 | 11.6 | 7:02 | 6:36 |
| 26 | 11.4 | 7:05 | 6:32 |
| 27 | 11.3 | 7:09 | 6:28 |
| 28 | 11.2 | 7:13 | 6:24 |
| 29 | 11.1 | 7:16 | 6:19 |
| 30 | 10.9 | 7:20 | 6:15 |
Solar energy in September
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in September, about 1.58 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 0 kWh/m² to a high of 4.84 kWh/m² in June across the year — September's 1.58 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim | Dim |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 2 | 2.2 | Moderate |
| 3 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 4 | 2.1 | Moderate |
| 5 | 2.0 | Moderate |
| 6 | 2.0 | Moderate |
| 7 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 8 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 9 | 1.9 | Dim |
| 10 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 11 | 1.8 | Dim |
| 12 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 13 | 1.7 | Dim |
| 14 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 15 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 16 | 1.6 | Dim |
| 17 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 18 | 1.5 | Dim |
| 19 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 20 | 1.4 | Dim |
| 21 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 22 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 23 | 1.3 | Dim |
| 24 | 1.2 | Dim |
| 25 | 1.2 | Dim |
| 26 | 1.1 | Dim |
| 27 | 1.1 | Dim |
| 28 | 1.1 | Dim |
| 29 | 1.0 | Dim |
| 30 | 1.0 | Dim |
Is September a good time to visit Kovdor?
Our two travel scores rate September for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
September is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Kovdor.
What to pack for Kovdor in September
From September's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In September, Kovdor sees daytime highs around 10°C and nights near 3°C. Pack a warm layer. Worth having: rain gear. About 11 days see rain.
UV index in Kovdor in September
Clear-sky midday UV in September peaks around 2. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Kovdor peaks around July 14 at about 4 (moderate) — a little sun protection helps at midday. It bottoms out near January 1 at about 0 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 3 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Level | Low | Low | Low | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 0 | Low |
| Feb | 0 | Low |
| Mar | 1 | Low |
| Apr | 2 | Low |
| May | 4 | Moderate |
| Jun | 4 | Moderate |
| Jul | 4 | Moderate |
| Aug | 3 | Moderate |
| Sep | 2 | Low |
| Oct | 0 | Low |
| Nov | 0 | Low |
| Dec | 0 | Low |
Where is Kovdor?
Kovdor sits at 67.6°N, 30.5°E, 233 m above sea level, in Russia. The nearest listed city is Polyarnyye Zori, 89 km away.
Topography around Kovdor
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Kovdor.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Kovdor has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 575 m around an average of 253 m above sea level; within 16 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 694 m; within 80 km, large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,152 m.
The land around Kovdor is covered by trees (59%) and bare terrain (21%) within 3 km, trees (85%) within 16 km, and trees (79%) within 80 km.
Russia travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 4
- Do Not Travel
- Power plugs
- Type C / F
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 32% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $17,547
- 2025
- Happiness
- 5.8 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 76%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 6.8
- per 100k, 2021
- Road deaths
- 12
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 521
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Kovdor (67.5663°, 30.4777°, elevation 233 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).