Lucerne weather in April
In April, Lucerne sees average daytime highs of 12°C and overnight lows near 3°C, with 135 mm of precipitation across 15.2 wet days and about 13.3 hours of daylight. It is the 7th-warmest and 6th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 10°C in the first days to 14°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 24% of the time in April, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 12 h 30 min at the start of April to 14 h 06 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, April is Lucerne's 6th-clearest and 2nd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Lucerne's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 12°
- 7th warmest
- Overnight low
- 3°
- 6th coldest
- Precipitation
- 135 mm
- 15.2 wet days
- Daylight
- 13 h 24 min
- 5:46 AM – 7:08 PM
- Cloud cover
- 63%
- 6th clearest
- Wind
- 5 km/h
- 2nd windiest
- Solar energy
- 4.86 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 2.6
- out of 10
Lucerne is city at Lake Lucerne, in central Switzerland.
- Density
- 2,806/km²
- people per km²
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in April
Highs climb over the month, from about 10°C in the first days to 14°C by the end.
A typical April day in Lucerne reaches about 12°C in the afternoon and slips back to 3°C overnight — a 9°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 5°C and 18°C. Set against its neighbours, April runs about 4°C warmer than March and about 4°C cooler than May.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| Avg low (°C) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 10 | 1 |
| 2 | 10 | 1 |
| 3 | 10 | 2 |
| 4 | 10 | 2 |
| 5 | 10 | 2 |
| 6 | 10 | 2 |
| 7 | 10 | 2 |
| 8 | 10 | 2 |
| 9 | 11 | 2 |
| 10 | 11 | 2 |
| 11 | 11 | 2 |
| 12 | 11 | 2 |
| 13 | 11 | 2 |
| 14 | 11 | 2 |
| 15 | 11 | 3 |
| 16 | 12 | 3 |
| 17 | 12 | 3 |
| 18 | 12 | 3 |
| 19 | 12 | 3 |
| 20 | 12 | 3 |
| 21 | 12 | 3 |
| 22 | 13 | 4 |
| 23 | 13 | 4 |
| 24 | 13 | 4 |
| 25 | 13 | 4 |
| 26 | 13 | 4 |
| 27 | 14 | 4 |
| 28 | 14 | 5 |
| 29 | 14 | 5 |
| 30 | 14 | 5 |
How April really feels in Lucerne
Once humidity and wind are folded in, April averages 0 days that feel above 32°C and 2 that feel at or below 0°C — the comfort signal a plain temperature reading hides.
The story in April is cold — wind chill drags the overnight "feels like" below the raw low.
Lucerne weather by month
How April compares with the rest of the year at a glance. April is the 7th-warmest and 6th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Snow days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 3° / -2° | 118 | 13.7 | 11.9 | 8.7 | 0.0 |
| Feb | 4° / -3° | 111 | 12.6 | 10.8 | 10 | 0.0 |
| Mar | 8° / 0° | 126 | 15.1 | 10.1 | 11.6 | 1.2 |
| Apr | 12° / 3° | 135 | 15.2 | 7.1 | 13.3 | 2.6 |
| May | 16° / 7° | 188 | 18.5 | 2 | 14.8 | 4.0 |
| Jun | 19° / 11° | 200 | 18.6 | 0.2 | 15.6 | 4.9 |
| Jul | 21° / 13° | 212 | 18.5 | 0.1 | 15.3 | 5.4 |
| Aug | 21° / 13° | 211 | 17.7 | 0 | 14 | 5.4 |
| Sep | 17° / 10° | 166 | 15.4 | 0.5 | 12.4 | 4.7 |
| Oct | 13° / 6° | 130 | 13.6 | 2.8 | 10.6 | 3.1 |
| Nov | 7° / 2° | 134 | 14.1 | 7.6 | 9.1 | 0.8 |
| Dec | 3° / -1° | 131 | 14.3 | 11.2 | 8.4 | 0.0 |
Cloud cover in April
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 24% of the time in April.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 15% of April, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 61%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 39 | 39 | 39 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 40 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 42 | 42 | 41 | 41 | 41 | 40 | 40 | 39 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 36 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 34 |
| Cloudier (%) | 61 | 61 | 61 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 61 | 60 | 59 | 59 | 59 | 59 | 58 | 58 | 59 | 59 | 59 | 60 | 60 | 61 | 63 | 63 | 64 | 64 | 65 | 65 | 66 | 66 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 39 | 61 |
| 2 | 39 | 61 |
| 3 | 39 | 61 |
| 4 | 40 | 60 |
| 5 | 40 | 60 |
| 6 | 40 | 60 |
| 7 | 40 | 60 |
| 8 | 40 | 60 |
| 9 | 39 | 61 |
| 10 | 40 | 60 |
| 11 | 41 | 59 |
| 12 | 41 | 59 |
| 13 | 41 | 59 |
| 14 | 41 | 59 |
| 15 | 42 | 58 |
| 16 | 42 | 58 |
| 17 | 41 | 59 |
| 18 | 41 | 59 |
| 19 | 41 | 59 |
| 20 | 40 | 60 |
| 21 | 40 | 60 |
| 22 | 39 | 61 |
| 23 | 37 | 63 |
| 24 | 37 | 63 |
| 25 | 36 | 64 |
| 26 | 36 | 64 |
| 27 | 35 | 65 |
| 28 | 35 | 65 |
| 29 | 34 | 66 |
| 30 | 34 | 66 |
Chance of precipitation in April
Lucerne gets around 135 mm of rain and snow over 15.2 wet days in April. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable precipitation averages around 51% and peaks near 56% on the wettest days, and about 7 days bring snow.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 51 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 51 | 52 | 53 | 54 | 54 | 55 | 56 |
| Snow chance (%) | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 28 | 28 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 12 |
| Rain chance (%) | Snow chance (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 51 | 30 |
| 2 | 51 | 30 |
| 3 | 51 | 30 |
| 4 | 51 | 30 |
| 5 | 51 | 29 |
| 6 | 51 | 29 |
| 7 | 51 | 29 |
| 8 | 51 | 29 |
| 9 | 51 | 29 |
| 10 | 51 | 29 |
| 11 | 51 | 29 |
| 12 | 50 | 28 |
| 13 | 50 | 28 |
| 14 | 50 | 27 |
| 15 | 49 | 26 |
| 16 | 49 | 25 |
| 17 | 49 | 24 |
| 18 | 49 | 23 |
| 19 | 49 | 22 |
| 20 | 49 | 21 |
| 21 | 49 | 20 |
| 22 | 50 | 19 |
| 23 | 50 | 18 |
| 24 | 51 | 17 |
| 25 | 52 | 16 |
| 26 | 53 | 15 |
| 27 | 54 | 14 |
| 28 | 54 | 13 |
| 29 | 55 | 13 |
| 30 | 56 | 12 |
Humidity in April
Most of April feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, April lands in the dry band about 100% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| Dry (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 100 |
| 4 | 100 |
| 5 | 100 |
| 6 | 100 |
| 7 | 100 |
| 8 | 100 |
| 9 | 100 |
| 10 | 100 |
| 11 | 100 |
| 12 | 100 |
| 13 | 100 |
| 14 | 100 |
| 15 | 100 |
| 16 | 100 |
| 17 | 100 |
| 18 | 100 |
| 19 | 100 |
| 20 | 100 |
| 21 | 100 |
| 22 | 100 |
| 23 | 100 |
| 24 | 100 |
| 25 | 100 |
| 26 | 100 |
| 27 | 100 |
| 28 | 100 |
| 29 | 100 |
| 30 | 100 |
Wind in April
Winds average 5 km/h in April.
Across April, daily wind ranges from about 5 km/h on the calmest days to 5 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5 | calm |
| 2 | 5 | calm |
| 3 | 5 | calm |
| 4 | 5 | calm |
| 5 | 5 | calm |
| 6 | 5 | calm |
| 7 | 5 | calm |
| 8 | 5 | calm |
| 9 | 5 | calm |
| 10 | 5 | calm |
| 11 | 5 | calm |
| 12 | 5 | calm |
| 13 | 5 | calm |
| 14 | 5 | calm |
| 15 | 5 | calm |
| 16 | 5 | calm |
| 17 | 5 | calm |
| 18 | 5 | calm |
| 19 | 5 | calm |
| 20 | 5 | calm |
| 21 | 5 | calm |
| 22 | 5 | calm |
| 23 | 5 | calm |
| 24 | 5 | calm |
| 25 | 5 | calm |
| 26 | 5 | calm |
| 27 | 5 | calm |
| 28 | 5 | calm |
| 29 | 5 | calm |
| 30 | 5 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in April
Daylight runs from about 12 h 30 min at the start of April to 14 h 06 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 96 minutes over April. Sunrise moves from 6:16 AM to 5:21 AM, and sunset from 6:47 PM to 7:27 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 12.5 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.7 | 12.7 | 12.8 | 12.8 | 12.9 | 13.0 | 13.0 | 13.1 | 13.1 | 13.2 | 13.2 | 13.3 | 13.4 | 13.4 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 13.6 | 13.6 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 13.8 | 13.8 | 13.9 | 13.9 | 14.0 | 14.0 | 14.1 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:16 | 6:14 | 6:12 | 6:10 | 6:08 | 6:06 | 6:04 | 6:02 | 6:00 | 5:58 | 5:56 | 5:54 | 5:52 | 5:50 | 5:48 | 5:46 | 5:44 | 5:43 | 5:41 | 5:39 | 5:37 | 5:35 | 5:33 | 5:32 | 5:30 | 5:28 | 5:26 | 5:24 | 5:23 | 5:21 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:47 | 6:48 | 6:49 | 6:51 | 6:52 | 6:54 | 6:55 | 6:56 | 6:58 | 6:59 | 7:01 | 7:02 | 7:03 | 7:05 | 7:06 | 7:08 | 7:09 | 7:10 | 7:12 | 7:13 | 7:15 | 7:16 | 7:17 | 7:19 | 7:20 | 7:22 | 7:23 | 7:24 | 7:26 | 7:27 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 12.5 | 6:16 | 6:47 |
| 2 | 12.6 | 6:14 | 6:48 |
| 3 | 12.6 | 6:12 | 6:49 |
| 4 | 12.7 | 6:10 | 6:51 |
| 5 | 12.7 | 6:08 | 6:52 |
| 6 | 12.8 | 6:06 | 6:54 |
| 7 | 12.8 | 6:04 | 6:55 |
| 8 | 12.9 | 6:02 | 6:56 |
| 9 | 13.0 | 6:00 | 6:58 |
| 10 | 13.0 | 5:58 | 6:59 |
| 11 | 13.1 | 5:56 | 7:01 |
| 12 | 13.1 | 5:54 | 7:02 |
| 13 | 13.2 | 5:52 | 7:03 |
| 14 | 13.2 | 5:50 | 7:05 |
| 15 | 13.3 | 5:48 | 7:06 |
| 16 | 13.4 | 5:46 | 7:08 |
| 17 | 13.4 | 5:44 | 7:09 |
| 18 | 13.5 | 5:43 | 7:10 |
| 19 | 13.5 | 5:41 | 7:12 |
| 20 | 13.6 | 5:39 | 7:13 |
| 21 | 13.6 | 5:37 | 7:15 |
| 22 | 13.7 | 5:35 | 7:16 |
| 23 | 13.7 | 5:33 | 7:17 |
| 24 | 13.8 | 5:32 | 7:19 |
| 25 | 13.8 | 5:30 | 7:20 |
| 26 | 13.9 | 5:28 | 7:22 |
| 27 | 13.9 | 5:26 | 7:23 |
| 28 | 14.0 | 5:24 | 7:24 |
| 29 | 14.0 | 5:23 | 7:26 |
| 30 | 14.1 | 5:21 | 7:27 |
Solar energy in April
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in April, about 4.86 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 1.11 kWh/m² to a high of 5.55 kWh/m² in June across the year — April's 4.86 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 4.3 | Bright |
| 2 | 4.3 | Bright |
| 3 | 4.4 | Bright |
| 4 | 4.4 | Bright |
| 5 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 6 | 4.5 | Bright |
| 7 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 8 | 4.6 | Bright |
| 9 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 10 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 11 | 4.7 | Bright |
| 12 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 13 | 4.8 | Bright |
| 14 | 4.9 | Bright |
| 15 | 4.9 | Bright |
| 16 | 4.9 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 29 | 5.0 | Bright |
| 30 | 5.0 | Bright |
Is April a good time to visit Lucerne?
Our two travel scores rate April for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
April is a weaker month for outdoor sightseeing in Lucerne.
What to pack for Lucerne in April
From April's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In April, Lucerne sees daytime highs around 12°C and nights near 3°C. Pack a warm layer and rain gear. Worth having: sun protection. About 15 days see rain.
UV index in Lucerne in April
Clear-sky midday UV in April peaks around 5 — enough to warrant sun protection. The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Lucerne peaks around July 15 at about 8 (very high) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near January 1 at about 1 (low).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — in 8 months of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 1 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 7 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |
| Level | Low | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | High | Very high | Very high | High | Moderate | Moderate | Low | Low |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 1 | Low |
| Feb | 2 | Moderate |
| Mar | 4 | Moderate |
| Apr | 5 | Moderate |
| May | 7 | High |
| Jun | 7 | Very high |
| Jul | 8 | Very high |
| Aug | 7 | High |
| Sep | 4 | Moderate |
| Oct | 3 | Moderate |
| Nov | 2 | Low |
| Dec | 1 | Low |
Where is Lucerne?
Lucerne sits at 47.1°N, 8.3°E, 437 m above sea level, in Switzerland. The nearest listed city is Kriens, 3.0 km away.
Topography around Lucerne
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Lucerne.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Lucerne has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 349 m around an average of 484 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,696 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 3,854 m.
The land around Lucerne is covered by trees (46%) and artificial surfaces (27%) within 3 km, trees (38%) and grassland (34%) within 16 km, and trees (40%) and grassland (36%) within 80 km.
Switzerland travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 1
- Exercise Normal Precautions
- Power plugs
- Type C / J
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 112% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $114,769
- 2025
- Happiness
- 7.0 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 97%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 0.6
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 2.2
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- High
- World Bank
- English
- High
- EF EPI 564
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Lucerne (47.0505°, 8.3064°, elevation 437 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).