Dodoma weather in July
In July, Dodoma sees average daytime highs of 27°C and overnight lows near 15°C, with 0 mm of rain across 0.1 wet days and about 11.7 hours of daylight. It is the 12th-warmest and 10th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 27°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 49% of the time in July, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 11 h 36 min at the start of July to 11 h 42 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, July is Dodoma's 3rd-clearest and 6th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Dodoma's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 27°
- 12th warmest
- Overnight low
- 15°
- 1st coldest
- Rainfall
- 0 mm
- 0.1 wet days
- Daylight
- 11 h 42 min
- 6:52 AM – 6:33 PM
- Cloud cover
- 42%
- 3rd clearest
- Wind
- 14 km/h
- 6th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.82 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 8.3
- out of 10
Dodoma is city and capital of Tanzania.
- Density
- 297/km²
- people per km²
- Founded
- 1906
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in July
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 27°C through the month.
A typical July day in Dodoma reaches about 27°C in the afternoon and slips back to 15°C overnight — a 12°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 25°C and 29°C. Set against its neighbours, July runs about 1°C cooler than June and about 1°C cooler than August.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 |
| Avg low (°C) | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 27 | 15 |
| 2 | 27 | 15 |
| 3 | 27 | 15 |
| 4 | 27 | 15 |
| 5 | 27 | 15 |
| 6 | 27 | 15 |
| 7 | 27 | 15 |
| 8 | 27 | 15 |
| 9 | 27 | 15 |
| 10 | 27 | 15 |
| 11 | 27 | 15 |
| 12 | 27 | 15 |
| 13 | 27 | 15 |
| 14 | 27 | 15 |
| 15 | 27 | 15 |
| 16 | 27 | 15 |
| 17 | 27 | 15 |
| 18 | 27 | 15 |
| 19 | 27 | 15 |
| 20 | 27 | 15 |
| 21 | 27 | 15 |
| 22 | 27 | 15 |
| 23 | 27 | 15 |
| 24 | 27 | 15 |
| 25 | 27 | 15 |
| 26 | 27 | 15 |
| 27 | 27 | 15 |
| 28 | 27 | 15 |
| 29 | 27 | 15 |
| 30 | 27 | 15 |
| 31 | 27 | 15 |
Dodoma weather by month
How July compares with the rest of the year at a glance. July is the 12th-warmest and 10th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 29° / 20° | 105 | 14.5 | 12.3 | 4.8 |
| Feb | 29° / 20° | 82 | 11.6 | 12.2 | 4.8 |
| Mar | 29° / 20° | 87 | 11.9 | 12 | 5.0 |
| Apr | 29° / 19° | 42 | 7.3 | 11.9 | 5.7 |
| May | 29° / 18° | 6 | 1.5 | 11.7 | 6.6 |
| Jun | 28° / 16° | 1 | 0.1 | 11.6 | 7.7 |
| Jul | 27° / 15° | 0 | 0.1 | 11.7 | 8.3 |
| Aug | 28° / 16° | 0 | 0 | 11.8 | 7.8 |
| Sep | 30° / 17° | 0 | 0 | 12 | 6.7 |
| Oct | 31° / 18° | 4 | 0.5 | 12.1 | 5.7 |
| Nov | 32° / 20° | 24 | 3 | 12.3 | 4.9 |
| Dec | 30° / 20° | 80 | 9.7 | 12.4 | 4.8 |
Cloud cover in July
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 49% of the time in July.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 16% of July, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 35%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 65 | 66 | 66 | 65 | 65 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 66 | 65 | 65 | 65 | 64 | 64 | 64 | 64 |
| Cloudier (%) | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 35 | 34 | 34 | 35 | 35 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 34 | 35 | 35 | 35 | 36 | 36 | 36 | 36 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 65 | 35 |
| 2 | 65 | 35 |
| 3 | 65 | 35 |
| 4 | 65 | 35 |
| 5 | 65 | 35 |
| 6 | 65 | 35 |
| 7 | 65 | 35 |
| 8 | 65 | 35 |
| 9 | 66 | 34 |
| 10 | 66 | 34 |
| 11 | 66 | 34 |
| 12 | 66 | 34 |
| 13 | 66 | 34 |
| 14 | 65 | 35 |
| 15 | 66 | 34 |
| 16 | 66 | 34 |
| 17 | 65 | 35 |
| 18 | 65 | 35 |
| 19 | 66 | 34 |
| 20 | 66 | 34 |
| 21 | 66 | 34 |
| 22 | 66 | 34 |
| 23 | 66 | 34 |
| 24 | 66 | 34 |
| 25 | 65 | 35 |
| 26 | 65 | 35 |
| 27 | 65 | 35 |
| 28 | 64 | 36 |
| 29 | 64 | 36 |
| 30 | 64 | 36 |
| 31 | 64 | 36 |
Chance of precipitation in July
Dodoma gets around 0 mm of rain over 0.1 wet days in July. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 0% and peaks near 0% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 0 |
| 2 | 0 |
| 3 | 0 |
| 4 | 0 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 6 | 0 |
| 7 | 0 |
| 8 | 0 |
| 9 | 0 |
| 10 | 0 |
| 11 | 0 |
| 12 | 0 |
| 13 | 0 |
| 14 | 0 |
| 15 | 0 |
| 16 | 0 |
| 17 | 0 |
| 18 | 0 |
| 19 | 0 |
| 20 | 0 |
| 21 | 0 |
| 22 | 0 |
| 23 | 0 |
| 24 | 0 |
| 25 | 0 |
| 26 | 0 |
| 27 | 0 |
| 28 | 0 |
| 29 | 0 |
| 30 | 0 |
| 31 | 0 |
Humidity in July
Most of July feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, July lands in the dry band about 93% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 91 | 91 | 92 | 93 | 94 | 94 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 95 | 95 | 95 | 94 | 94 | 93 | 93 | 92 | 92 | 91 | 91 | 91 | 91 |
| Comfortable (%) | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 87 | 13 |
| 2 | 88 | 12 |
| 3 | 89 | 11 |
| 4 | 90 | 10 |
| 5 | 91 | 9 |
| 6 | 91 | 9 |
| 7 | 92 | 8 |
| 8 | 93 | 7 |
| 9 | 94 | 6 |
| 10 | 94 | 6 |
| 11 | 95 | 5 |
| 12 | 95 | 5 |
| 13 | 95 | 5 |
| 14 | 95 | 5 |
| 15 | 96 | 4 |
| 16 | 96 | 4 |
| 17 | 96 | 4 |
| 18 | 96 | 4 |
| 19 | 95 | 5 |
| 20 | 95 | 5 |
| 21 | 95 | 5 |
| 22 | 94 | 6 |
| 23 | 94 | 6 |
| 24 | 93 | 7 |
| 25 | 93 | 7 |
| 26 | 92 | 8 |
| 27 | 92 | 8 |
| 28 | 91 | 9 |
| 29 | 91 | 9 |
| 30 | 91 | 9 |
| 31 | 91 | 9 |
Wind in July
Winds average 14 km/h in July.
Across July, daily wind ranges from about 14 km/h on the calmest days to 15 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Feels | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze | light breeze |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 14 | light breeze |
| 2 | 14 | light breeze |
| 3 | 14 | light breeze |
| 4 | 14 | light breeze |
| 5 | 14 | light breeze |
| 6 | 14 | light breeze |
| 7 | 14 | light breeze |
| 8 | 14 | light breeze |
| 9 | 14 | light breeze |
| 10 | 14 | light breeze |
| 11 | 14 | light breeze |
| 12 | 14 | light breeze |
| 13 | 14 | light breeze |
| 14 | 14 | light breeze |
| 15 | 14 | light breeze |
| 16 | 14 | light breeze |
| 17 | 14 | light breeze |
| 18 | 14 | light breeze |
| 19 | 14 | light breeze |
| 20 | 14 | light breeze |
| 21 | 14 | light breeze |
| 22 | 14 | light breeze |
| 23 | 14 | light breeze |
| 24 | 15 | light breeze |
| 25 | 15 | light breeze |
| 26 | 15 | light breeze |
| 27 | 15 | light breeze |
| 28 | 15 | light breeze |
| 29 | 15 | light breeze |
| 30 | 15 | light breeze |
| 31 | 15 | light breeze |
Sunrise & sunset in July
Daylight runs from about 11 h 36 min at the start of July to 11 h 42 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 6 minutes over July. Sunrise moves from 6:51 AM to 6:51 AM, and sunset from 6:30 PM to 6:35 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:51 | 6:51 | 6:51 | 6:51 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:51 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:30 | 6:30 | 6:30 | 6:30 | 6:31 | 6:31 | 6:31 | 6:31 | 6:31 | 6:32 | 6:32 | 6:32 | 6:32 | 6:32 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:35 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.6 | 6:51 | 6:30 |
| 2 | 11.6 | 6:51 | 6:30 |
| 3 | 11.6 | 6:51 | 6:30 |
| 4 | 11.6 | 6:51 | 6:30 |
| 5 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:31 |
| 6 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:31 |
| 7 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:31 |
| 8 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:31 |
| 9 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:31 |
| 10 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:32 |
| 11 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:32 |
| 12 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:32 |
| 13 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:32 |
| 14 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:32 |
| 15 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:33 |
| 16 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:33 |
| 17 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:33 |
| 18 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:33 |
| 19 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:33 |
| 20 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:34 |
| 21 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:34 |
| 22 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:34 |
| 23 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:34 |
| 24 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:34 |
| 25 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:34 |
| 26 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:34 |
| 27 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:34 |
| 28 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:35 |
| 29 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:35 |
| 30 | 11.7 | 6:52 | 6:35 |
| 31 | 11.7 | 6:51 | 6:35 |
Solar energy in July
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in July, about 5.82 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 5.35 kWh/m² to a high of 7.22 kWh/m² in October across the year — July's 5.82 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 29 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 30 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 31 | 5.8 | Bright |
Is July a good time to visit Dodoma?
Our two travel scores rate July for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
July is one of the better times to visit Dodoma for general sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.
What to pack for Dodoma in July
From July's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In July, Dodoma sees daytime highs around 27°C and nights near 15°C. Pack light clothes. Worth having: sun protection.
UV index in Dodoma in July
Clear-sky midday UV in July peaks around 11 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Dodoma peaks around March 11 at about 16 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near June 17 at about 10 (extreme).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 14 | 16 | 16 | 14 | 11 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 13 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 14 | Extreme |
| Feb | 16 | Extreme |
| Mar | 16 | Extreme |
| Apr | 14 | Extreme |
| May | 11 | Extreme |
| Jun | 10 | Very high |
| Jul | 11 | Extreme |
| Aug | 11 | Extreme |
| Sep | 13 | Extreme |
| Oct | 14 | Extreme |
| Nov | 13 | Extreme |
| Dec | 13 | Extreme |
Where is Dodoma?
Dodoma sits at 6.2°S, 35.7°E, 1,125 m above sea level, in Tanzania. The nearest listed city is Mpwapwa, 85 km away.
Topography around Dodoma
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Dodoma.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Dodoma has only modest variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 195 m around an average of 1,135 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 457 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,336 m.
The land around Dodoma is covered by artificial surfaces (63%) within 3 km, grassland (41%) and shrubs (29%) within 16 km, and grassland (33%), shrubs (31%) and cropland (27%) within 80 km.
Tanzania travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 3
- Reconsider Travel
- Power plugs
- Type D / G
- 230 V · 50 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 29% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $1,319
- 2025
- Happiness
- 3.9 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 31%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 3.7
- per 100k, 2020
- Road deaths
- 31.1
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Lower middle
- World Bank
- English
- Low
- EF EPI 479
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Dodoma (-6.1722°, 35.7395°, elevation 1,125 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).