Chichicastenango weather in February
In February, Chichicastenango sees average daytime highs of 23°C and overnight lows near 11°C, with 5 mm of rain across 1.4 wet days and about 11.5 hours of daylight. It is the 5th-warmest and 12th-wettest month of the year here.
Highs climb over the month, from about 22°C in the first days to 24°C by the end. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 55% of the time in February, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 11 h 18 min at the start of February to 11 h 42 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, February is Chichicastenango's 1st-clearest and 2nd-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Chichicastenango's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 23°
- 5th warmest
- Overnight low
- 11°
- 2nd coldest
- Rainfall
- 5 mm
- 1.4 wet days
- Daylight
- 11 h 30 min
- 6:34 AM – 6:04 PM
- Cloud cover
- 38%
- 1st clearest
- Wind
- 6 km/h
- 2nd windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.61 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 8.5
- out of 10
Temperature in February
Highs climb over the month, from about 22°C in the first days to 24°C by the end.
A typical February day in Chichicastenango reaches about 23°C in the afternoon and slips back to 11°C overnight — a 12°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 19°C and 26°C. Set against its neighbours, February runs about 2°C warmer than January and about 2°C cooler than March.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 |
| Avg low (°C) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 22 | 10 |
| 2 | 22 | 10 |
| 3 | 22 | 10 |
| 4 | 22 | 10 |
| 5 | 22 | 10 |
| 6 | 22 | 10 |
| 7 | 22 | 10 |
| 8 | 22 | 10 |
| 9 | 22 | 10 |
| 10 | 22 | 10 |
| 11 | 22 | 10 |
| 12 | 23 | 11 |
| 13 | 23 | 11 |
| 14 | 23 | 11 |
| 15 | 23 | 11 |
| 16 | 23 | 11 |
| 17 | 23 | 11 |
| 18 | 23 | 11 |
| 19 | 23 | 11 |
| 20 | 23 | 11 |
| 21 | 23 | 11 |
| 22 | 24 | 11 |
| 23 | 24 | 11 |
| 24 | 24 | 11 |
| 25 | 24 | 11 |
| 26 | 24 | 11 |
| 27 | 24 | 11 |
| 28 | 24 | 11 |
Chichicastenango weather by month
How February compares with the rest of the year at a glance. February is the 5th-warmest and 12th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 21° / 10° | 8 | 2.6 | 11.2 | 7.9 |
| Feb | 23° / 11° | 5 | 1.4 | 11.5 | 8.5 |
| Mar | 24° / 11° | 15 | 3.8 | 11.9 | 8.3 |
| Apr | 25° / 13° | 49 | 8.8 | 12.3 | 7.0 |
| May | 24° / 14° | 157 | 20.4 | 12.7 | 5.1 |
| Jun | 23° / 14° | 255 | 26 | 12.9 | 4.1 |
| Jul | 22° / 13° | 157 | 22.2 | 12.8 | 4.7 |
| Aug | 23° / 13° | 189 | 23.8 | 12.5 | 4.5 |
| Sep | 23° / 14° | 265 | 26.9 | 12.1 | 3.9 |
| Oct | 22° / 13° | 181 | 20.8 | 11.7 | 4.8 |
| Nov | 21° / 12° | 43 | 8.5 | 11.3 | 6.6 |
| Dec | 21° / 11° | 13 | 3.4 | 11.1 | 7.6 |
Cloud cover in February
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 55% of the time in February, the clearest month of the year.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 23% of February, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 22%.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 76 | 76 | 77 | 76 | 76 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 77 | 78 | 78 | 78 | 79 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 80 | 79 | 79 | 80 | 79 | 79 | 78 |
| Cloudier (%) | 24 | 24 | 23 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 21 | 21 | 22 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 76 | 24 |
| 2 | 76 | 24 |
| 3 | 77 | 23 |
| 4 | 76 | 24 |
| 5 | 76 | 24 |
| 6 | 77 | 23 |
| 7 | 77 | 23 |
| 8 | 77 | 23 |
| 9 | 77 | 23 |
| 10 | 77 | 23 |
| 11 | 77 | 23 |
| 12 | 77 | 23 |
| 13 | 78 | 22 |
| 14 | 78 | 22 |
| 15 | 78 | 22 |
| 16 | 79 | 21 |
| 17 | 80 | 20 |
| 18 | 80 | 20 |
| 19 | 80 | 20 |
| 20 | 80 | 20 |
| 21 | 80 | 20 |
| 22 | 80 | 20 |
| 23 | 79 | 21 |
| 24 | 79 | 21 |
| 25 | 80 | 20 |
| 26 | 79 | 21 |
| 27 | 79 | 21 |
| 28 | 78 | 22 |
Chance of precipitation in February
Chichicastenango gets around 5 mm of rain over 1.4 wet days in February, the driest month. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 6% and peaks near 8% on the wettest days.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 7 | 7 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 8 |
| 2 | 7 |
| 3 | 7 |
| 4 | 7 |
| 5 | 6 |
| 6 | 6 |
| 7 | 6 |
| 8 | 6 |
| 9 | 6 |
| 10 | 5 |
| 11 | 5 |
| 12 | 5 |
| 13 | 5 |
| 14 | 5 |
| 15 | 5 |
| 16 | 4 |
| 17 | 4 |
| 18 | 4 |
| 19 | 4 |
| 20 | 4 |
| 21 | 5 |
| 22 | 5 |
| 23 | 5 |
| 24 | 6 |
| 25 | 6 |
| 26 | 6 |
| 27 | 7 |
| 28 | 7 |
Humidity in February
Most of February feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, February lands in the dry band about 98% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 97 | 97 | 97 | 97 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 97 | 97 | 96 | 96 | 96 | 95 |
| Comfortable (%) | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 5 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 97 | 3 |
| 2 | 97 | 3 |
| 3 | 97 | 3 |
| 4 | 97 | 3 |
| 5 | 98 | 2 |
| 6 | 98 | 2 |
| 7 | 98 | 2 |
| 8 | 98 | 2 |
| 9 | 99 | 1 |
| 10 | 99 | 1 |
| 11 | 99 | 1 |
| 12 | 99 | 1 |
| 13 | 99 | 1 |
| 14 | 99 | 1 |
| 15 | 99 | 1 |
| 16 | 99 | 1 |
| 17 | 99 | 1 |
| 18 | 99 | 1 |
| 19 | 99 | 1 |
| 20 | 98 | 2 |
| 21 | 98 | 2 |
| 22 | 98 | 2 |
| 23 | 97 | 3 |
| 24 | 97 | 3 |
| 25 | 96 | 4 |
| 26 | 96 | 4 |
| 27 | 96 | 4 |
| 28 | 95 | 5 |
Wind in February
Winds average 6 km/h in February.
Across February, daily wind ranges from about 6 km/h on the calmest days to 6 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 6 | calm |
| 2 | 6 | calm |
| 3 | 6 | calm |
| 4 | 6 | calm |
| 5 | 6 | calm |
| 6 | 6 | calm |
| 7 | 6 | calm |
| 8 | 6 | calm |
| 9 | 6 | calm |
| 10 | 6 | calm |
| 11 | 6 | calm |
| 12 | 6 | calm |
| 13 | 6 | calm |
| 14 | 6 | calm |
| 15 | 6 | calm |
| 16 | 6 | calm |
| 17 | 6 | calm |
| 18 | 6 | calm |
| 19 | 6 | calm |
| 20 | 6 | calm |
| 21 | 6 | calm |
| 22 | 6 | calm |
| 23 | 6 | calm |
| 24 | 6 | calm |
| 25 | 6 | calm |
| 26 | 6 | calm |
| 27 | 6 | calm |
| 28 | 6 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in February
Daylight runs from about 11 h 18 min at the start of February to 11 h 42 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days grow by about 24 minutes over February. Sunrise moves from 6:38 AM to 6:28 AM, and sunset from 5:58 PM to 6:08 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.3 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.7 | 11.7 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:38 | 6:38 | 6:37 | 6:37 | 6:37 | 6:37 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:36 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:35 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:34 | 6:33 | 6:33 | 6:32 | 6:32 | 6:31 | 6:31 | 6:30 | 6:30 | 6:29 | 6:29 | 6:28 | 6:28 |
| Sunset (PM) | 5:58 | 5:59 | 5:59 | 6:00 | 6:00 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:01 | 6:02 | 6:02 | 6:03 | 6:03 | 6:03 | 6:04 | 6:04 | 6:04 | 6:05 | 6:05 | 6:05 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:06 | 6:07 | 6:07 | 6:07 | 6:08 | 6:08 | 6:08 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.3 | 6:38 | 5:58 |
| 2 | 11.4 | 6:38 | 5:59 |
| 3 | 11.4 | 6:37 | 5:59 |
| 4 | 11.4 | 6:37 | 6:00 |
| 5 | 11.4 | 6:37 | 6:00 |
| 6 | 11.4 | 6:37 | 6:01 |
| 7 | 11.4 | 6:36 | 6:01 |
| 8 | 11.4 | 6:36 | 6:01 |
| 9 | 11.4 | 6:36 | 6:02 |
| 10 | 11.4 | 6:36 | 6:02 |
| 11 | 11.5 | 6:35 | 6:03 |
| 12 | 11.5 | 6:35 | 6:03 |
| 13 | 11.5 | 6:35 | 6:03 |
| 14 | 11.5 | 6:34 | 6:04 |
| 15 | 11.5 | 6:34 | 6:04 |
| 16 | 11.5 | 6:34 | 6:04 |
| 17 | 11.5 | 6:33 | 6:05 |
| 18 | 11.5 | 6:33 | 6:05 |
| 19 | 11.6 | 6:32 | 6:05 |
| 20 | 11.6 | 6:32 | 6:06 |
| 21 | 11.6 | 6:31 | 6:06 |
| 22 | 11.6 | 6:31 | 6:06 |
| 23 | 11.6 | 6:30 | 6:07 |
| 24 | 11.6 | 6:30 | 6:07 |
| 25 | 11.6 | 6:29 | 6:07 |
| 26 | 11.6 | 6:29 | 6:08 |
| 27 | 11.7 | 6:28 | 6:08 |
| 28 | 11.7 | 6:28 | 6:08 |
Solar energy in February
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in February, about 5.61 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.42 kWh/m² to a high of 6.43 kWh/m² in April across the year — February's 5.61 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.2 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.3 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.6 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.7 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.8 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.9 | Bright |
| 27 | 6.0 | Bright |
| 28 | 6.0 | Bright |
Hazard calendar for Chichicastenango
None of Chichicastenango's seasonal hazards are active in February. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.
Chichicastenango's monsoon runs May–October, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is February a good time to visit Chichicastenango?
Our two travel scores rate February for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
February is one of the better times to visit Chichicastenango for general sightseeing. The water and warmth also suit a beach or pool day.
What to pack for Chichicastenango in February
From February's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In February, Chichicastenango sees daytime highs around 23°C and nights near 11°C. Worth packing: light clothes and sun protection.
UV index in Chichicastenango in February
Clear-sky midday UV in February peaks around 14 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Chichicastenango peaks around April 14 at about 15 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 14 at about 10 (very high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 10 | 14 | 14 | 15 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 10 |
| Level | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | Very high |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 10 | Extreme |
| Feb | 14 | Extreme |
| Mar | 14 | Extreme |
| Apr | 15 | Extreme |
| May | 13 | Extreme |
| Jun | 13 | Extreme |
| Jul | 14 | Extreme |
| Aug | 13 | Extreme |
| Sep | 13 | Extreme |
| Oct | 12 | Extreme |
| Nov | 10 | Very high |
| Dec | 10 | Very high |
Air quality in Chichicastenango in February
Average fine-particle pollution (PM2.5) through the year — so you can see where February falls, not just the annual average.
Air quality in Chichicastenango is worst in April — around 48 µg/m³ PM2.5 (poor), about 2.2× the cleanest month (August, 22 µg/m³).
Modeled monthly averages (CAMS reanalysis, 2015–2024).
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | 26 | 26 | 31 | 48 | 37 | 25 | 23 | 22 | 24 | 23 | 22 | 24 |
| Level | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Poor | Poor | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate | Moderate |
| PM2.5 (µg/m³) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 26 | Moderate |
| Feb | 26 | Moderate |
| Mar | 31 | Moderate |
| Apr | 48 | Poor |
| May | 37 | Poor |
| Jun | 25 | Moderate |
| Jul | 23 | Moderate |
| Aug | 22 | Moderate |
| Sep | 24 | Moderate |
| Oct | 23 | Moderate |
| Nov | 22 | Moderate |
| Dec | 24 | Moderate |
Where is Chichicastenango?
Chichicastenango sits at 14.9°N, 91.1°W, 2,077 m above sea level, in Guatemala. The nearest listed city is Santa Cruz del Quiché, 10 km away.
Topography around Chichicastenango
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Chichicastenango.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Chichicastenango has large variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 766 m around an average of 2,065 m above sea level; within 16 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,944 m; within 80 km, extreme variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 3,879 m.
The land around Chichicastenango is covered by trees (82%) within 3 km, trees (75%) within 16 km, and trees (75%) within 80 km.
Guatemala travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 3
- Reconsider Travel
- Power plugs
- Type A / B
- 120 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 43% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $6,598
- 2025
- Happiness
- 6.5 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 49%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 23.4
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 22.9
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Moderate
- EF EPI 510
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Chichicastenango (14.9433°, -91.1112°, elevation 2,077 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Monthly air-quality (PM2.5) seasonality is from the CAMS EAC4 reanalysis (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service), scaled to the WHO annual mean where available. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).