Zacatecas weather in October
In October, Zacatecas sees average daytime highs of 23°C and overnight lows near 10°C, with 37 mm of rain across 5.9 wet days and about 11.5 hours of daylight. It is the 8th-warmest and 5th-wettest month of the year here.
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 23°C through the month. The sky is clear or mostly clear about 46% of the time in October, and the air most often feels dry.
Daylight stretches from about 11 h 48 min at the start of October to 11 h 12 min by month's end. Set against the rest of the year, October is Zacatecas's 8th-clearest and 12th-windiest month. For the whole year in context, see Zacatecas's year-round climate.
- Daytime high
- 23°
- 8th warmest
- Overnight low
- 10°
- 6th coldest
- Rainfall
- 37 mm
- 5.9 wet days
- Daylight
- 11 h 30 min
- 6:51 AM – 6:19 PM
- Cloud cover
- 45%
- 8th clearest
- Wind
- 11 km/h
- 12th windiest
- Solar energy
- 5.5 kWh/m²
- Travel score
- 7.7
- out of 10
Zacatecas is city in Zacatecas Municipality, Zacatecas State, Mexico.
- Density
- 362/km²
- people per km²
- Founded
- 1548
Air quality: WHO Ambient Air Quality Database. Density & description: Wikidata (CC0), GeoNames.
Temperature in October
Day-to-day highs hold fairly steady near 23°C through the month.
A typical October day in Zacatecas reaches about 23°C in the afternoon and slips back to 10°C overnight — a 13°C spread between the day's warmth and the night's chill. On most days the high lands between 20°C and 26°C. Set against its neighbours, October runs on par with September and about 2°C warmer than November.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avg high (°C) | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 23 |
| Avg low (°C) | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Avg high (°C) | Avg low (°C) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 23 | 12 |
| 2 | 23 | 12 |
| 3 | 23 | 12 |
| 4 | 23 | 11 |
| 5 | 23 | 11 |
| 6 | 23 | 11 |
| 7 | 23 | 11 |
| 8 | 23 | 11 |
| 9 | 23 | 11 |
| 10 | 23 | 11 |
| 11 | 23 | 11 |
| 12 | 23 | 11 |
| 13 | 23 | 11 |
| 14 | 23 | 11 |
| 15 | 23 | 11 |
| 16 | 23 | 11 |
| 17 | 23 | 11 |
| 18 | 23 | 10 |
| 19 | 23 | 10 |
| 20 | 23 | 10 |
| 21 | 23 | 10 |
| 22 | 23 | 10 |
| 23 | 23 | 10 |
| 24 | 23 | 10 |
| 25 | 23 | 10 |
| 26 | 23 | 9 |
| 27 | 23 | 9 |
| 28 | 23 | 9 |
| 29 | 23 | 9 |
| 30 | 23 | 9 |
| 31 | 23 | 9 |
Zacatecas weather by month
How October compares with the rest of the year at a glance. October is the 8th-warmest and 5th-wettest month here — the current month is highlighted below.
| Month | High / Low (°C) | Rainfall (mm) | Wet days | Daylight (hours) | Travel score |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 19° / 5° | 16 | 2.6 | 10.8 | 7.5 |
| Feb | 21° / 7° | 13 | 1.9 | 11.2 | 8.1 |
| Mar | 24° / 8° | 8 | 1.9 | 11.8 | 8.6 |
| Apr | 26° / 11° | 10 | 2.7 | 12.5 | 8.0 |
| May | 28° / 13° | 31 | 5.7 | 13.1 | 7.3 |
| Jun | 27° / 14° | 90 | 10.7 | 13.4 | 6.6 |
| Jul | 25° / 13° | 124 | 12.6 | 13.3 | 6.6 |
| Aug | 25° / 13° | 99 | 11.5 | 12.8 | 6.7 |
| Sep | 23° / 13° | 107 | 12.6 | 12.1 | 6.4 |
| Oct | 23° / 10° | 37 | 5.9 | 11.5 | 7.7 |
| Nov | 21° / 8° | 15 | 2.5 | 10.9 | 8.1 |
| Dec | 20° / 6° | 8 | 1.6 | 10.6 | 7.7 |
Cloud cover in October
The sky is clear or mostly clear about 46% of the time in October.
Beyond those clear spells, partly cloudy skies cover about 19% of October, with mostly cloudy or overcast conditions the remaining 35%. Skies tend to open up as the month goes on.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clearer (%) | 56 | 56 | 57 | 57 | 58 | 59 | 59 | 60 | 60 | 61 | 62 | 62 | 63 | 63 | 63 | 64 | 65 | 66 | 67 | 68 | 68 | 70 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 71 | 73 | 73 | 73 | 73 |
| Cloudier (%) | 44 | 44 | 43 | 43 | 42 | 41 | 41 | 40 | 40 | 39 | 38 | 38 | 37 | 37 | 37 | 36 | 35 | 34 | 33 | 32 | 32 | 30 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 29 | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 |
| Clearer (%) | Cloudier (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 56 | 44 |
| 2 | 56 | 44 |
| 3 | 57 | 43 |
| 4 | 57 | 43 |
| 5 | 58 | 42 |
| 6 | 59 | 41 |
| 7 | 59 | 41 |
| 8 | 60 | 40 |
| 9 | 60 | 40 |
| 10 | 61 | 39 |
| 11 | 62 | 38 |
| 12 | 62 | 38 |
| 13 | 63 | 37 |
| 14 | 63 | 37 |
| 15 | 63 | 37 |
| 16 | 64 | 36 |
| 17 | 65 | 35 |
| 18 | 66 | 34 |
| 19 | 67 | 33 |
| 20 | 68 | 32 |
| 21 | 68 | 32 |
| 22 | 70 | 30 |
| 23 | 71 | 29 |
| 24 | 71 | 29 |
| 25 | 71 | 29 |
| 26 | 71 | 29 |
| 27 | 71 | 29 |
| 28 | 73 | 27 |
| 29 | 73 | 27 |
| 30 | 73 | 27 |
| 31 | 73 | 27 |
Chance of precipitation in October
Zacatecas gets around 37 mm of rain over 5.9 wet days in October. The line is the day-by-day chance of measurable precipitation.
Day to day, the chance of measurable rain averages around 20% and peaks near 28% on the wettest days. The odds ease toward the end of the month.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rain chance (%) | 28 | 27 | 26 | 26 | 25 | 24 | 24 | 23 | 23 | 23 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 21 | 21 | 21 | 20 | 19 | 19 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 11 |
| Rain chance (%) | |
|---|---|
| 1 | 28 |
| 2 | 27 |
| 3 | 26 |
| 4 | 26 |
| 5 | 25 |
| 6 | 24 |
| 7 | 24 |
| 8 | 23 |
| 9 | 23 |
| 10 | 23 |
| 11 | 22 |
| 12 | 22 |
| 13 | 22 |
| 14 | 21 |
| 15 | 21 |
| 16 | 21 |
| 17 | 20 |
| 18 | 19 |
| 19 | 19 |
| 20 | 18 |
| 21 | 17 |
| 22 | 16 |
| 23 | 16 |
| 24 | 15 |
| 25 | 14 |
| 26 | 14 |
| 27 | 13 |
| 28 | 12 |
| 29 | 12 |
| 30 | 11 |
| 31 | 11 |
Humidity in October
Most of October feels dry — the stacked bands show each day's mix of comfort levels, read off the dew point.
By dew point, October lands in the dry band about 94% of days. It rarely turns muggy — the humid and sticky bands barely register.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry (%) | 87 | 88 | 89 | 90 | 90 | 91 | 91 | 92 | 92 | 92 | 93 | 93 | 93 | 94 | 94 | 94 | 95 | 95 | 96 | 96 | 97 | 97 | 98 | 98 | 98 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 | 99 |
| Comfortable (%) | 13 | 12 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Dry (%) | Comfortable (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 87 | 13 |
| 2 | 88 | 12 |
| 3 | 89 | 11 |
| 4 | 90 | 10 |
| 5 | 90 | 10 |
| 6 | 91 | 9 |
| 7 | 91 | 9 |
| 8 | 92 | 8 |
| 9 | 92 | 8 |
| 10 | 92 | 8 |
| 11 | 93 | 7 |
| 12 | 93 | 7 |
| 13 | 93 | 7 |
| 14 | 94 | 6 |
| 15 | 94 | 6 |
| 16 | 94 | 6 |
| 17 | 95 | 5 |
| 18 | 95 | 5 |
| 19 | 96 | 4 |
| 20 | 96 | 4 |
| 21 | 97 | 3 |
| 22 | 97 | 3 |
| 23 | 98 | 2 |
| 24 | 98 | 2 |
| 25 | 98 | 2 |
| 26 | 99 | 1 |
| 27 | 99 | 1 |
| 28 | 99 | 1 |
| 29 | 99 | 1 |
| 30 | 99 | 1 |
| 31 | 99 | 1 |
Wind in October
Winds average 11 km/h in October, the calmest month.
Across October, daily wind ranges from about 11 km/h on the calmest days to 11 km/h at its breeziest. It stays fairly steady from day to day.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind speed (km/h) | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Feels | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm | calm |
| Wind speed (km/h) | Feels | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11 | calm |
| 2 | 11 | calm |
| 3 | 11 | calm |
| 4 | 11 | calm |
| 5 | 11 | calm |
| 6 | 11 | calm |
| 7 | 11 | calm |
| 8 | 11 | calm |
| 9 | 11 | calm |
| 10 | 11 | calm |
| 11 | 11 | calm |
| 12 | 11 | calm |
| 13 | 11 | calm |
| 14 | 11 | calm |
| 15 | 11 | calm |
| 16 | 11 | calm |
| 17 | 11 | calm |
| 18 | 11 | calm |
| 19 | 11 | calm |
| 20 | 11 | calm |
| 21 | 11 | calm |
| 22 | 11 | calm |
| 23 | 11 | calm |
| 24 | 11 | calm |
| 25 | 11 | calm |
| 26 | 11 | calm |
| 27 | 11 | calm |
| 28 | 11 | calm |
| 29 | 11 | calm |
| 30 | 11 | calm |
| 31 | 11 | calm |
Sunrise & sunset in October
Daylight runs from about 11 h 48 min at the start of October to 11 h 12 min by month's end. The lit band spans sunrise to sunset each day.
Days shrink by about 36 minutes over October. Sunrise moves from 6:46 AM to 6:59 AM, and sunset from 6:33 PM to 6:09 PM.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Daylight (h) | 11.8 | 11.8 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.7 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.6 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 | 11.2 |
| Sunrise (AM) | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:46 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:47 | 6:48 | 6:48 | 6:49 | 6:49 | 6:49 | 6:50 | 6:50 | 6:51 | 6:51 | 6:51 | 6:52 | 6:52 | 6:53 | 6:53 | 6:54 | 6:54 | 6:55 | 6:55 | 6:56 | 6:56 | 6:57 | 6:57 | 6:58 | 6:59 | 6:59 |
| Sunset (PM) | 6:33 | 6:32 | 6:31 | 6:30 | 6:29 | 6:28 | 6:27 | 6:26 | 6:25 | 6:24 | 6:24 | 6:23 | 6:22 | 6:21 | 6:20 | 6:19 | 6:18 | 6:18 | 6:17 | 6:16 | 6:15 | 6:15 | 6:14 | 6:13 | 6:12 | 6:12 | 6:11 | 6:10 | 6:10 | 6:09 | 6:09 |
| Daylight (h) | Sunrise (AM) | Sunset (PM) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 11.8 | 6:46 | 6:33 |
| 2 | 11.8 | 6:46 | 6:32 |
| 3 | 11.7 | 6:46 | 6:31 |
| 4 | 11.7 | 6:47 | 6:30 |
| 5 | 11.7 | 6:47 | 6:29 |
| 6 | 11.7 | 6:47 | 6:28 |
| 7 | 11.7 | 6:48 | 6:27 |
| 8 | 11.6 | 6:48 | 6:26 |
| 9 | 11.6 | 6:49 | 6:25 |
| 10 | 11.6 | 6:49 | 6:24 |
| 11 | 11.6 | 6:49 | 6:24 |
| 12 | 11.5 | 6:50 | 6:23 |
| 13 | 11.5 | 6:50 | 6:22 |
| 14 | 11.5 | 6:51 | 6:21 |
| 15 | 11.5 | 6:51 | 6:20 |
| 16 | 11.5 | 6:51 | 6:19 |
| 17 | 11.4 | 6:52 | 6:18 |
| 18 | 11.4 | 6:52 | 6:18 |
| 19 | 11.4 | 6:53 | 6:17 |
| 20 | 11.4 | 6:53 | 6:16 |
| 21 | 11.4 | 6:54 | 6:15 |
| 22 | 11.3 | 6:54 | 6:15 |
| 23 | 11.3 | 6:55 | 6:14 |
| 24 | 11.3 | 6:55 | 6:13 |
| 25 | 11.3 | 6:56 | 6:12 |
| 26 | 11.3 | 6:56 | 6:12 |
| 27 | 11.2 | 6:57 | 6:11 |
| 28 | 11.2 | 6:57 | 6:10 |
| 29 | 11.2 | 6:58 | 6:10 |
| 30 | 11.2 | 6:59 | 6:09 |
| 31 | 11.2 | 6:59 | 6:09 |
Solar energy in October
Average shortwave solar energy reaching the ground each day in October, about 5.5 kWh/m².
For context, solar energy here swings from a low near 4.63 kWh/m² to a high of 7.74 kWh/m² in May across the year — October's 5.5 kWh/m² falls in the middle.
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.4 |
| Level | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright | Bright |
| Solar energy (kWh/m²) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 2 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 3 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 4 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 5 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 6 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 7 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 8 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 9 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 10 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 11 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 12 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 13 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 14 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 15 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 16 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 17 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 18 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 19 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 20 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 21 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 22 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 23 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 24 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 25 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 26 | 5.5 | Bright |
| 27 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 28 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 29 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 30 | 5.4 | Bright |
| 31 | 5.4 | Bright |
Hazard calendar for Zacatecas
None of Zacatecas's seasonal hazards are active in October. The full-year calendar below shows when the rainy season, cyclone risk and dust haze do peak.
Zacatecas's rainy season runs June–September, when most of the year's rain falls.
Is October a good time to visit Zacatecas?
Our two travel scores rate October for general sightseeing and for beach or pool weather — 0 (poor) to 10 (ideal).
October is one of the better times to visit Zacatecas for general sightseeing.
What to pack for Zacatecas in October
From October's temperature range, rain chance, sun and wind — what's worth putting in the bag.
In October, Zacatecas sees daytime highs around 23°C and nights near 10°C. Worth packing: light clothes and sun protection. About 6 days see rain.
UV index in Zacatecas in October
Clear-sky midday UV in October peaks around 10 (very high — sun protection essential). The full-year curve, shaded by WHO exposure level, is below.
Under clear skies, the midday UV index in Zacatecas peaks around May 14 at about 14 (extreme) — sunscreen, a hat and midday shade are essential. It bottoms out near December 19 at about 7 (high).
The index reaches 3 or more — the level where the WHO recommends sun protection — every month of the year.
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UV index (midday) | 7 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 13 | 14 | 13 | 10 | 7 | 7 |
| Level | Very high | Very high | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Extreme | Very high | High |
| UV index (midday) | Level | |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 7 | Very high |
| Feb | 10 | Very high |
| Mar | 12 | Extreme |
| Apr | 14 | Extreme |
| May | 14 | Extreme |
| Jun | 14 | Extreme |
| Jul | 13 | Extreme |
| Aug | 14 | Extreme |
| Sep | 13 | Extreme |
| Oct | 10 | Extreme |
| Nov | 7 | Very high |
| Dec | 7 | High |
Where is Zacatecas?
Zacatecas sits at 22.8°N, 102.6°W, 2,480 m above sea level, in Mexico. The nearest listed city is Guadalupe, 7.0 km away.
Topography around Zacatecas
How much the land rises and falls, and what covers it, within 3, 16 and 80 km of Zacatecas.
Within 3 km, the terrain around Zacatecas has significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 333 m around an average of 2,461 m above sea level; within 16 km, significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 578 m; within 80 km, very significant variations in elevation — a maximum elevation change of 1,339 m.
The land around Zacatecas is covered by artificial surfaces (49%) and shrubs (43%) within 3 km, shrubs (40%) and cropland (40%) within 16 km, and shrubs (51%) and cropland (33%) within 80 km.
Mexico travel facts
- Travel advisory
- Level 2
- Exercise Increased Caution
- Power plugs
- Type A / B
- 120 / 127 V · 60 Hz
- Prices
- ≈ 54% of US
- price level, 2025
- GDP per capita
- $13,889
- 2025
- Happiness
- 7.0 / 10
- World Happiness, 2025
- Safe drinking water
- 43%
- of population, 2024
- Homicide rate
- 24.9
- per 100k, 2023
- Road deaths
- 12.8
- per 100k/yr, 2019
- Income group
- Upper middle
- World Bank
- English
- Very low
- EF EPI 440
- Religion
Sources: World Bank, US State Department, World Happiness Report, WHO/UNICEF, EF EPI, CIA World Factbook.
Data sources
Temperature, precipitation, cloud, humidity, wind and solar figures are a 1991–2020 climatology for Zacatecas (22.7684°, -102.5814°, elevation 2,480 m), computed from hourly ERA5 reanalysis — contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information. Sun figures are astronomical calculations, not observations. City data © GeoNames, CC BY 4.0. Map outlines from Natural Earth (public domain); interactive map © Google. UV index is derived from CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) clear-sky UV data — contains modified Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service information. Topography is sampled from the Copernicus DEM GLO-90 elevation model (© ESA/Airbus) and ESA WorldCover 2021 land cover (CC BY 4.0).